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Deep-sea echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean).
No full textInternational audienceThe Galician Bank (GB) is a seamount in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean (Northwest Spain) at 180 km from the Galician coast. Its summit is between 650 and 1500 m below the surface as it rises from the abyssal plain at 4000 m depth. The dynamics of water masses and the geomorphology of the area favour the retention of nutrients and larvae, augmenting the diversity of benthic communities. The present study aims to inventory and reviewing of the echinoid fauna collected during the LIFE+ INDEMARES project carried out on the Galician Bank. New findings are compared with previous studies of the Official Spanish Checklist (IEEM: “Inventario Español de Especies Marinas”, 2017, 2020) to update our knowledge of the diversity and distribution of echinoid species in the study region. During the surveys carried out under the auspices of project LIFE+INDEMARES on the Galician Bank (2010–2011), a total of 139 echinoids belonging to 8 different species were sampled from 27 stations, between 744 and 1764 m depth. The most frequently collected species were Cidaris cidaris (Linnaeus, 1758) and Sperosoma grimaldii Koehler, 1897. After public datasets analysis, it turns out that one species should be considered as a new record in Spanish waters: Echinocyamus grandiporus Mortensen, 1907, and two for the North Atlantic Spanish Marine Sub-Division: Holanthus expergitus (Loven, 1871) and Plexechinus hirsutus Mortensen, 1905. In addition, the bathymetric range of Echinocyamus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776) was extended to 1313 m depth
Insights into the biotic factors driving the outcome of coalescence events between soil bacterial communities
No full textInternational audienceCoalescence events, which consist in the mixing of previously separated communities, are frequent in nature or as a result of human activities. Despite recently gaining attention as a tool to test ecological theories and engineer microbial communities, little is known about the factors that influence the outcome of such coalescence events. Here, we evaluated the relative importance of three community properties—namely, diversity, composition, and density—in determining coalescence outcome and biotic interactions among members of the coalescing bacterial communities. We found that manipulation of the density and composition of soil bacterial community resulted in the largest shifts in the structure of the resulting coalesced communities, explaining 24.7% and 6.8% of the variance in the β-diversity of the coalesced communities, respectively. Coalescence events impacted up to 35% of the dominant Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTUs) in the native community, with a predominance of negative effects. Our results also revealed that community density had the greatest explanatory power for the variance in the relative abundance of the OTUs negatively affected by coalescence events. In particular, all significantly affected OTUs that belonged to the Bacillales exhibited a decrease in relative abundance in several of the coalesced communities, which was related to the density of some members of the α-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria in the manipulated community suspensions. Overall, our data suggest that community density and composition were the main properties determining the outcome of coalescence events and that coalescence experiments can offer insights into multi-species interactions in complex environments
Did a global heatwave have a lasting impact on the snowpack and the annual glacier mass balance? The example of a small glacial basin observatory in the High Arctic (Brøgger Peninsula, Spitsbergen)
No full textInternational audienceSimultaneous heat waves occurred on March 2022 in both Antarctic and Arctic regions. The impact of this extreme weather event is investigated from the perspective of a north-facing polar glacier in the Brøgger Peninsula of Svalbard, Arctic Norway. Original measurement systems including timelapse cameras and an automated ablation stake acquiring the ice melt with hourly resolution were deployed for a couple of years during and after the event. The results of these measurements demonstrate that the liquid precipitation accompanying the warm event led to a significant impact on the snowpack structure. It resulted in an earlier snowpack disappearance. Consequently, the glacier surface was exposed earlier, resulting in ice melting earlier than it did in 2023, which is considered as a reference state. This in turn contributed to a more negative mass balance. This study highlights the strong negative influence of winter liquid precipitation on glacier mass balance
Understanding the Impact of Digital Technology on Performing Arts : A Comparative Analysis of Scientific and Professional Issues
No full textInternational audienceIn the performing arts sector, the changes brought about by increasing financial constraints and ever-changing audiences are of many kinds. An important lever developed in response to these upheavals is the use of technological and digital innovations. This research takes stock of the issues identified by academic researchers on the one hand, and by industry professionals and stakeholders on the other hand, in order to draw a precise map of the challenges and their implications. To this end, a literature review has been carried out on two bodies of literature: articles published in scientific journals and articles published in professional journals (mainstream or specialized media in culture and performing arts). This allowed us to compare the points of convergence and divergence of these corpuses and to identify the main research avenues to be exploited in this fertile field of investigation
sST2 is a key outcome biomarker in COVID-19: insights from discovery randomized trial
No full textInternational audienceWe investigated whether baseline levels of biomarkers related to endotheliopathy, thromboinflammation, and fibrosis were associated with clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We analyzed the associations between baseline levels of 21 biomarkers and time to hospital discharge and change in NEWS-2 score in patients from DisCoVeRy trial. We fitted multivariate models adjusted for baseline ISARIC 4C score, disease severity, D-dimer values, and treatment regimen. Between March 22 and June 29, 2020, 603 participants were randomized; 454 had a sample collected at baseline and analyzed. The backward selection of multivariate models showed that higher baseline levels of soluble suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) and nucleosomes were statistically associated with a lower chance of hospital discharge before day 29 (sST2: aHR 0.24, 95% CI [0.15-0.38], p < 10-9; nucleosomes: aHR 0.62, 95% CI [0.48-0.81], p < 10-3). Likewise, higher levels of baseline sST2 were statistically associated with lower changes in the NEWS-2 score between baseline and day 15 (adjusted beta 4.47, 95% CI [2.65-6.28], p < 10-5). Moreover, we evaluated sST2 involvement in a confirmation cohort (SARCODO study, 103 patients) and found that elevated baseline sST2 levels were significantly associated with lower rates of hospital discharge before day 29 and a higher model performance (AUC at day 29 of 92%) compared to models without sST2. sST2 emerged as an independent predictor of clinical outcomes in two large cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, warranting further investigation to elucidate its role in disease progression and potential as a therapeutic target
Espaces de matrices de corang constant un
No full textWe study spaces of matrices coming from irreducible representations of reductive groups over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and we completely classify those of constant corank one. In particular, we recover the examples coming from symmetric forms discovered in [BFL22]
Le paradoxe de la consommation socialement responsable sur les plateformes de livraison de repas en ligne
No full textInternational audienc
Exitus et introitus ou l’accès aux parcelles
No full textExitus and introitus frequently indicate the entry and exit of plots in medieval charters. The variety and plural nature of these terms have disconcerted text editors. Now that the parcel has become an object of diachronic study, an examination of these terms enables us to approach medieval rural parceling from a new angle. The pair introitus and exitus appears as a simple and modest spatial marker, early and robust, developed and shared. This singular boundary for the benefit of the group seems to vacillate between real access and right of way. Above all, it remains a visible marker of peasant activity, based on an oral and cumulative tradition, constantly readjusted as the seasons and uses change, in an intertwined plot of land and communication network. It's an essential trace of the comings and goings of men and their herds, left in texts as well as in the landscape.Exitus et introitus signalent fréquemment les entrées et sorties de parcelles dans les chartes médiévales. La variété et le pluriel de ces termes ont déconcerté les éditeurs de textes. La parcelle étant devenue un objet d’étude diachronique, l’examen de ces termes permet d’approcher le parcellaire rural médiéval sous un angle nouveau. Le binôme introitus et exitus apparaît comme un marqueur spatial simple et modeste, précoce et robuste, aménagé et partagé. Cette limite singulière au profit du groupe semble hésiter entre accès réel et droit de passage. Elle reste surtout une marque partout visible de l’activité paysanne, reposant sur une tradition orale et cumulative, sans cesse réajustée au fil des saisons et des usages, dans un parcellaire et un réseau de communication entremêlés. C’est une trace essentielle des allers et retours faits par les hommes et leurs troupeaux, laissée dans les textes aussi bien que dans le paysage
