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Collection and Analysis of Text Data in Sensory and Consumer Science
No full textInternational audienc
Breastfeeding, bonding, and olfaction: unlocking the potential of mother-infant odour exchange
No full textInternational audienceSummary Breastfeeding is crucial for infant survival, growth, and health, and it enhances maternal-infant bonding and well-being. However, breastfeeding rates typically fall below international targets, partly due to a high prevalence of latching difficulties, intermittent sucking, refusing the breast, or poor milk supply. Here, we propose that such uniquely human difficulties might be ameliorated by recognising, understanding, and facilitating the olfactory mechanisms that, in other mammals, regulate breastfeeding initiation and maternal–infant relationships in the first weeks of life. We briefly review evidence that odour mediates nipple-searching and suckling behaviour in other species, summarise the comparable evidence in humans, and outline pathways that could potentially reap hitherto unrealised benefits of olfactory communication between human mothers and neonates. We argue that enhanced awareness of such odour exchange could inform and enable changes in both policy and practice that might improve breastfeeding success and maternal-infant bonding, ultimately contributing to reduced infant mortality worldwide
L'arbitre investi de la mission d'amiable compositeur méconnaît sa mission en se référant exclusivement aux règles de droit
No full textInternational audience(Paris, 30 janv. 2025, no 23/14356, X. c/ Cereapro Collecte
A Human Oral Bacterial β-Glucosidase Involved in Aroma Release from Glycosides
No full textInternational audienceFlavor perception is driven by the interplay of gustation, olfaction, and somatosensory inputs. Among the factors influencing flavor perception, the enzymatic activity of oral bacterial glycosidases plays a role in modulating taste and aroma, generating aroma molecules from glycosidic precursors. This study investigates the in vitro capacity of oral bacterial β-glucosidases to hydrolyze glycosidic aroma precursors. Seven candidate enzymes from oral bacteria were recombinantly produced and screened for glycosidase activity. Among them, only the β-glucosidase from Prevotella sp. (PsBG1) showed hydrolytic activity toward chromogenic substrates and the aroma glucosides tested, leading to the release of salicylaldehyde, hexanol, and octanol, as confirmed by GC–MS. Structural analysis of PsBG1 revealed key residues involved in substrate recognition and catalysis. These results identify a specific oral bacterial enzyme capable of releasing aroma-active compounds from glycosides in vitro, suggesting a potential contribution of oral microbiota enzymatic activity to in-mouth aroma release
Attentional Event-RGB Sensor Fusion for Fast Drone Detection
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an embedded multi-modal vision system for drone detection, combining an event-based camera, an IMU, and an RGB sensor. The method leverages an attentional mechanism on the event stream and is robust to rotations along all three axes (roll, pitch, and yaw) of a rotating platform. The event-based sensor enables localization of fast moving objects, while the RGB camera provides classification, with the entire system optimized for embedded computational constraints. Performance analysis, with and without attention mechanisms and across various algorithmic variants, assesses the trade-off between computational cost and detection accuracy. The study identifies optimal operating situation for each configuration, validated on an outdoor test data samples
A mathematical modelization of the energy content of an Apis mellifera beehive
No full textWe investigate different aspects of the resources that supply energy to a beehive. Quantitatively, a resource can provide a certain amount of nectar per time unit. Qualitatively, the assessment of this resource depends on more subtle parameters such as the flower species that produces the nectar, the density of the resource, as well as the availability of the resource which is a function of its distance from the hive and of other factors such as the wind. These environmental parameters influence the potential of the hive to store enough honey in order for it to stay alive during the cold winter months. To understand how costly it is for a colony to survive through winter, we study how much honey the bees in a hive expend during the cold season, and the influence of factors such as the size of the colony on the depletion of honey.</div
Literary Journalism and Geographies of Identity: Generic Hybridity in Antjie Krog's works
No full textInternational audienceNarrative, or literary, journalism has become a dominant trend in the South African literary landscape. This study situates Antjie Krog’s work within that landscape. First, it offers an overview of the debates about and around literary journalism in South Africa. It then addresses the obvious generic hybridity of Krog’s works (mostly A Change of Tongue and Begging to Be Black), before suggesting that the genre of the travel narrative might be a way of approaching her nonfiction corpus. In the end, rather than trying to pigeonhole her books within a single genre, the study relies on a metaphor, following Krog’s own method, to read her work: Looking at Krog’s works as journeys becomes a way of eschewing theoretical dead ends and offering a practical lens through which the very instability of her texts becomes a testimony to the unstable nature of identities, personal and literary, in post-apartheid South Africa
Recycled but devalued? Exploring the social representations of recycled clothing
No full textInternational audiencePurpose : This study explores consumer perceptions of recycled clothing (RC) through the lens of social representations (SRs) theory. It examines key factors influencing consumer attitudes, including perceived quality, environmental value, and health concerns, while identifying barriers to RC adoption. Design/methodology/approach : A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection. Social representations theory provided a framework to analyze shared beliefs, stereotypes, and cognitive structures shaping consumer perceptions. The study assessed the role of knowledge, perceived risks, and prior exposure to RC in shaping consumer behavior. Findings : Results indicate that consumers strongly associate RC with recycled plastic, which generates both positive and negative connotations. While RC is viewed as environmentally friendly, concerns about material quality and health risks persist. The study also highlights the gap between attitudes and behaviors, as affordability and accessibility continue to drive fast fashion consumption despite sustainability concerns. Effective communication strategies, including transparency, education, and influencer marketing, can help improve perceptions and encourage RC adoption. Research limitations/implications : Future research should explore cross-cultural differences in RC perceptions and test the effectiveness of different communication strategies in shifting SRs. Practical implications : Brands should enhance transparency, emphasize material variety, and implement in-store and digital educational initiatives to reshape consumer perceptions of RC. Social implications : Encouraging RC adoption can contribute to waste reduction, resource conservation, and the development of new recycling sectors, enhancing employability in the fashion industry. Originality/value : Unlike prior studies focusing solely on individual attitudes, this study emphasizes the collective construction of meaning in shaping consumer behavior
L’attractivité des métiers de l’enseignement. Regards croisés sur les « viviers de recrutement » (1957-2024)
No full textCette présentation discutera l'attractivité des métiers de l'enseignement en s'intéressant aux « viviers de recrutement », expression employée dans les ressources humaines et reprise ici sous l'angle des caractéristiques des étudiant·es qui s'orientent vers le professorat. Il sera proposé de croiser une analyse sociologique sur les Assistant·es d'éducation en préprofessionnalisation (AED Prépro, 2019-2024) avec une analyse historique sur les Instituts de préparation aux enseignements du second degré (IPES, 1957-1977) afin de mettre en perspective, dans l'épaisseur du temps, des formes de rémunération précoce à destination des étudiant·es souhaitant devenir enseignant·es
Rapid identification of bacterial spores by Raman and OPTIR infrared spectroscopy using chemometrics and machine learning
No full textInternational audienceCo-localized IR/Raman O-PTIR imaging enables rapid, label-free identification of Bacillus spores, discriminating species (B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. coagulans) and strains within a specie.This approach could be extended to identify additional strains/species (pathogenic B. cereus), other genera (Clostridium) and vegetative bacteria. It will allow to investigate whether spectra can distinguish sporulation conditions or germination stage.The next step in development will be to determine the minimum number of informative wavelengths in order to design simplified, sensor-based measurements