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Japanese Clause Relativization Strategy
Full text linkThis study is entitled Japanese Clause Relativization Strategy. The purpose of this study is to describe the structure, strategy, and previous functions of relative clauses in Japanese. The theory used in analyzing the formulation of problems related to relative clauses in this study refers to the theory developed by Dixon (2010) in his book entitled "Basic Linguistic Theory 2". This study summarizes the analysis in micro linguistics, namely syntax. Syntactically, the antecedent in the Japanese relative clause is positioned at the end. In Japanese relative clauses, there are no relative markers. Only antecedents that are attached directly to the predicate are part of the relative clause. The function of the relative clause is to explain nouns or noun phrases which in Japanese are called hishuushokumeishi. This research is included in qualitative research. The data analyzed in this study came from the media and publications from the site https://www.sukasuki.org/koran-sukasuki. This study produced several points, including that Japanese relative clauses precede the nouns that are described or known by the previous term. The basic structure of relative clauses in Japanese always begins with a clause that describes and ends with the noun being described. Antecedents in Japanese can be nouns, noun phrases, or particles such as no and koto. There are no conjunctions such as "yang" in Indonesian or "who/which" in English. In this study, pseudo-conjunctions such as ni kan suru and to iu were found. Predicates in Japanese relative clauses can be verbs, verbs conjugated with hojodoushi, nouns, and can also be adjectives
Watching to Understand: How English-Dubbed Korean Films with Subtitles Affect Comprehension of Select Pupils
Full text linkThe increasing popularity of Korean movies, especially those dubbed in English, has made a significant impact on Filipino television and viewers, particularly among pupils. This study aimed to explore the effects of English-dubbed Korean movies on the viewing comprehension of intermediate pupils. Specifically, it sought to assess the level of viewing comprehension, identify the positive and negative effects of Korean movies, and examine the cultural elements these movies present and their influence on comprehension. The researchers employed a Descriptive-Correlation design which surveyed 20 intermediate pupils who were shown three different genres of English-dubbed Korean movies. Following the screenings, the students completed a movie analysis questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Frequency and Percentages, as well as Chi-Square statistical tests to determine any significant relationships. The findings revealed that the socio-economic profiles of the respondents did not significantly relate to their viewing comprehension levels. Additionally, there was no significant correlation between the movie genres and the pupils' comprehension. The study recommends allowing sufficient time for further testing and suggests utilizing the private high school’s Audio-Visual Room to minimize distractions and enhance the viewing experience. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on media and education by highlighting how popular media, specifically English-dubbed Korean films, can serve as a tool for engaging students in language development and comprehension activities
The Role of Durand Line Dispute in Shaping Pakistan-Afghanistan Relations
Full text linkThe Durand line is 2,240Km long and lies between Pakistan and Afghanistan. The British Indian government and then Amir Abdur Rahman of Afghanistan agreed in 1893. their future Afghan rulers renewed the treaty in 1905,1919 and again in 1930 However, After Pakistan gained independence in 1947, Afghanistan made a U-turn and declared that the Durand line was never an international border. The territory up to the Indus River Afghanistan claims as part of its empire during Ahmad Shah Abdali in the 18th century, which Pakistan wholly denies on legal and historical grounds. The Durand line has been a central issue in the contentious relationship between the two countries. Afghanistan’s refusal to recognize the border has strengthened demands for Pashtunistan which seems to threaten Pakistan’s integrity. The hostility has led to serious security problems for Pakistan, particularly since India is threatened from the east. The rule by the Taliban (1997-2001) led to temporary cooperation but relations have remained tense since then. This paper aims to analyze how the Durand line dispute shaped Pakistan-Afghanistan relations and which factors contributed to the dispute's shaping of the relations
Investigating Causes that Affect Students’ Motivation Toward Studies
Full text linkAlthough motivation is the most important factor influencing students’ studies progress, some students remains disinterested to their school subjects and becomes behind in their studies. The present study investigates the factors that affect Afghan students disinterest towards studies in the public high schools of the central district of Wardak province. The statistical population of the study consists of all teachers in the public high schools of the central district of Wardak, total 200 teachers. The data is collected from 100 teachers using a researcher-designed questionnaire containing 92 questions. This research employs a quantitative methodology to examine two key factors (personal and environmental) influencing student disinterest. The data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software. The findings of the study indicate that the factors affecting students’ interest toward studies include their basic needs, such as physiological, belonging, security, respect, and self-actualization, as well as environmental factors like facilities, rewards, punishment, and teachers’ professional competency. Among these, teacher professional competency and rewards have the greatest impact on student interest, while factors such as self-actualization, respect, security, punishment, belonging, physiological needs, and facilities also play significant roles. In order to foster students' interest in their studies, it is not only essential to fulfill their primary needs, but also to create an appropriate learning environment for them. Additionally, teachers who possess professional competency, mastery of subject knowledge, and strong ethical conduct are crucial for students becoming interested toward their learning
Mapping Personality Types among EFL Learners: Insights from Indonesian University Students
Full text linkThis study aims to identify the personality types of students in the English Language Education Study Program (ELESP) at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo and to explore their pedagogical implications for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning. A quantitative descriptive design was employed, involving 118 undergraduate students from three academic cohorts (2021–2022, 2022-2023, 2023-2024). Data were collected through an adapted version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) developed by Eysenck and Eysenck (1975) and validated for Indonesian learners by Wulandari (2017). The instrument used a five-point Likert scale to measure extroversion and introversion tendencies. Descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage, were computed using Microsoft Excel to determine personality distribution. The results revealed that most students (61.86%) were ambiverts, followed by extroverts (27.12%) and introverts (11.02%). These findings suggest that ELESP students tend to balance social engagement and reflective learning, offering advantages in diverse EFL classroom contexts. The study highlights the need for personality-responsive pedagogy that accommodates varied learner characteristics to promote more effective and inclusive language learning
Documented Meranaw Folktales of Lanao: An Archival Collection and Study for Instructional Materials
Full text linkMeranaw folk literature is a rich collection of folktales, myths, legends, fables, riddles, epics, and proverbs. The primary objective of this research is to gather, organize, and analyze documented Meranaw folktales from Lanao to preserve and enhance the understanding of these oral traditions. As a vital component of the region's cultural heritage, Meranaw folktales offer profound insights into the values, beliefs, and social conventions of the Meranaw community. Despite their cultural significance, these narratives have often been overlooked in scholarly research due to their dispersal across various archival sources. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing qualitative content analysis and quantitative data collection. Archival research was conducted to compile data on documented Meranaw folktales, with data collection taking place at various locations in Lanao del Sur, where narrative texts are preserved, followed by content analysis to categorize themes and cultural elements present in the folktales. The quantitative analysis identified the number and distribution of folktales across reference materials. The findings revealed a total of 143 documented Meranaw folktales, which were published and distributed across six reference materials. Based on the analysis, the researcher developed instructional materials, explicitly reading resources derived from Meranaw folktales, supplemented with a glossary, illustrations, and learning activities to serve as educational aids for Mother Tongue and literature subjects
Integration of Artificial Intelligence by Tertiary Education Students in Zimbabwe: A Case of Responsibility and Accountability in Academic Writing
Full text linkThis study examined how students utilise various AI tools responsibly and accountably in their academic writing. The study adopted a qualitative approach with data collected using an electronic questionnaire from self-selected participants. The questionnaire was uploaded to Google Forms, and a total of twenty-five participants took part in the study until data saturation was reached. Atlas. ti was utilised for data analysis due to its robust analytical capabilities. The findings highlighted the importance of responsible and accountable use of AI tools, as these practices enhance students' intellectual capabilities and foster innovation. The findings also indicate that use of AI tools play a crucial role in the lives of tertiary education students by enhancing the quality of their academic writing. It improves grammar, structure, and coherence, making the content more readable. Additionally, the study uncovered several challenges that students face regarding the use of AI in education. The study provided recommendations on best practices for employing AI in academic writing for tertiary-level students in Zimbabwe. Additionally, it advocated for all tertiary institutions to invest in plagiarism detection software(s) to ensure that the use of AI tools is accompanied by accountability in all written coursework, thereby contributing to students' final degree classifications
Development and Validation of Manipulatives in Teaching Mathematics 6
Full text linkThis study focused on the development and validation of manipulatives as strategic intervention materials for teaching Mathematics 6 at Manapa I Elementary School. Grounded in the Constructivist Learning Theory, the research aimed to enhance learners’ conceptual understanding by addressing their least-learned competencies through interactive learning tools. A descriptive-developmental research design was employed, involving the identification of learning gaps, creation of manipulatives, expert validation, and classroom implementation. The study identified key mathematical challenges among Grade 6 learners, particularly in differentiating expressions from equations. Manipulatives were designed to bridge these gaps by providing concrete representations of abstract concepts, fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Experts evaluated the manipulatives based on content, format, presentation, organization, accuracy, and durability, confirming their suitability for instructional use. Findings revealed a significant improvement in learners’ mathematical performance, with post-test scores demonstrating increased mastery levels compared to pretest assessments. The study highlights the effectiveness of manipulatives in promoting engagement, reinforcing conceptual understanding, and supporting struggling learners in mathematics. It contributes to the growing discourse on manipulative-based learning strategies, emphasizing the importance of integrating interactive materials into mathematics education to enhance student learning outcomes
Professional Commitment Among Prospective Teachers: A Preparedness of Integrated Teacher Education Programme for a Developed Nation
Full text linkTeacher education has taken the responsibility to prepare 21st century fit teachers grounded in Indian values, languages and traditions as well as an updated package of advanced technological, pedagogical masterpiece where Professional commitment of prospective teachers is a crucial factor in the effectiveness of Integrated Teacher Education Programs (ITEP), particularly in the context of developing nation. Therefore, the researcher of the present study has tried to assess the professional commitment of the prospective teachers of this course and gauge the way forward for a developed nation. Researcher selected 50 final year prospective teachers from ITEP purposefully and resulted after suitable data collection techniques that professional commitment varied in case of gender dynamics and commitment to profession and commitment to society were difficult for female teacher trainees of ITEP. As nation strive for educational advancement, professional commitment in teacher education programs will prepare prospective teachers not only to meet the demands of their roles but also to contribute positively to the broader educational ecosystem. This preparedness is vital for fostering a skilled workforce capable of driving societal progress and achieving sustainable development goals
Instructional Music Videos: Their Effect on Reading Comprehension Skills among Struggling Readers
Full text linkReading comprehension plays a vital role in a student's success, and improving this skill is a key goal for teachers. This study investigates the effectiveness of using instructional music videos to help struggling readers at President Quirino National High School enhance their reading comprehension. The aim was to determine whether music videos could help students better understand and retain what they read. Before the intervention, the reading was valued of both Group A and Group B were fair. Group A had an average score of 15.76, while Group B scored slightly higher with 15.84 out of 30. After the instructional music videos were introduced, both groups took several tests to track their progress. Using ANOVA to analyse the data, the study found significant differences in the test scores of both groups. Group B, which was exposed to the music video intervention, showed a notable improvement, scoring higher than Group A. These findings suggest that instructional music videos can be an effective tool for improving reading comprehension skills. By using music videos, struggling readers were able to better engage with the material and increase their understanding. This study highlights the potential of incorporating multimedia tools in education to support students' learning and help them succeed in reading comprehension