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The Efficacy of Physical Education Teachers Amid and Beyond the Pandemic: Basis for an Enrichment Program
Full text linkThis study determined the efficacy of Physical Education teachers and explored how the shift from face-to-face to online learning influenced their teaching practices. The researcher employed a mixed-methods design, utilizing quantitative and qualitative data collection methods.The study showed that the respondents consisted of a diverse age range with a majority of younger teacher’s ages 20-29 years old. This suggests the potential for quicker adoption of new technologies and fitness methodologies in PE curricula. Additionally, the high level of educational attainment majority with Master's degrees indicates a strong foundation in PE theory and best practices. The study revealed that PE teachers possess a strong foundation in various areas but identified some weaknesses. They expressed confidence in content knowledge, instruction, assessment, technology, and extended assistance/accommodation but acknowledged a need for improvement in specific parameters whose scores fell below the overall mean, particularly in teaching racquet games, recreation activities, exercise science concepts application in PE, technology integration in PE, using email and internet for innovative PE, delivering the PE lesson with technology, making rubrics, and authentic assessment for PE and effective approaches to support skill development for PE. The study also emphasized the teachers' resilience and adaptability in creating innovative approaches to deliver PE online. The researcher concluded with the development of the M.E.D.I.E enrichment program. This program aims to enhance the teaching efficacy of teachers in a certain area. This study contributed to a deeper understanding of PE teachers' experiences amid and beyond the pandemic and provided valuable insights for developing programs to enhance their teaching efficacy in a post-pandemic educational landscape
Evaluating Cooperative Membership’s Impact on Rural Household Empowerment: A Mixed-Methods Study in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
Full text linkRural cooperatives are widely promoted as vehicles for socio-economic development and empowerment in low-income contexts. However, empirical evidence on their effectiveness in fragile, conflict-affected settings remains scarce. This study fills that gap by assessing how membership in agricultural cooperatives influences multiple dimensions of household empowerment in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan. Employing a convergent mixed-methods design, we surveyed 420 households (210 cooperative members; 210 matched non-members) using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and conducted 24 in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed to estimate the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT), while qualitative transcripts were coded thematically in NVivo. Cooperative membership yields a significant 17.4 percentage-point increase in women’s participation in farm decision-making and a 12.8-point rise in access to microcredit (p<.05). Qualitative insights reveal that social capital building, peer mentoring, and collective bargaining explain these gains. Findings demonstrate that cooperatives can serve as effective empowerment mechanisms even in unstable regions. The cross-sectional design limits causal inference beyond ATT estimates; future research should implement longitudinal or experimental approaches to track dynamic empowerment trajectories
Manga Simoket: The Sequence of Conflict in the Meranaw Epic Darangen
Full text linkThis study critically analyzes Volume 1 of the Meranaw epic Darangen as a narrative of peace woven through structured sequences of conflict. The epic is not just a literary artifact, but a reflection of a dynamic cultural construct based on Meranaw values like maratabat (honor), kinship, and leadership. Using critical discourse analysis, this study reveals that conflicts ranging from absent leadership and unmarried king to dishonesty and damaged reputation are not arbitrary but serve as moral elements on the journey of peace in the Meranaw community today. These conflicts are settled using traditional mechanisms that parallel modern Meranaw practices like totonganaya (kinship) and agama justice systems that shed light on an indigenous conflict resolution logic that is relevant to the Meranaw people today. This also fills a gap in Meranaw studies by focusing and analyzing the sequence of conflicts in relation to the current realities of the Meranaw people like rido and maratabat. The findings also show that the epic provides not only literary and cultural significance, but also frameworks for addressing conflicts in the Meranaw community today. Finally, this study repositions the epic as a living socio-cultural archive and a moral compass which demonstrates that within its verses exist essential means for peacebuilding, leadership, and cultural preservation despite the challenges of the present-day Meranaw community
Black Lives Matter: Slavery Era and Contemporary Racial Experiences in African American Standup Humour
Full text linkBlack Lives Matter is a significant contemporary issue, particularly in the United States. Its roots trace back to the era of slavery and continue into the present day. Black individuals have long faced systemic violence, sexual assault, racial killings, and various forms of discrimination that have historically marginalized them. These persistent struggles have contributed to the socioeconomic disenfranchisement of Black communities in the United States. The Black Lives Matter movement emerged as a response, advocating for the liberation of Black people from political, social, and economic oppression—both within the U.S. and globally. While previous studies have explored the movement through prose, poetry, drama, and journalism, few have examined its narratives through the lens of stand-up comedy. This study seeks to analyze how Black Lives Matter is represented in stand-up performances as a form of social commentary aimed at promoting the sociopolitical and economic emancipation of Black people in the United States. Recorded performances by African American comedian, Chris Rock, are examined. The analysis applies Schechner’s performance theory to uncover deeper meanings within the performances. Data were interpreted using both performance and literary analysis techniques
Teaching Across Borders: Lived Experiences of Internationally Trained Mathematics Educators in Their Early U.S. Careers
Full text linkThe U.S. faces a shortage of qualified mathematics teachers, prompting the recruitment of internationally trained educators (ITEs), particularly from the Philippines, recognized for strong content knowledge and pedagogy. Despite their expertise, Filipino ITEs encounter challenges in classroom management, curriculum alignment, and parent engagement during their early U.S. teaching careers. This study employed a descriptive phenomenological design to examine the lived experiences of 17 Filipino ITEs with up to three years of U.S. teaching experience. Data were collected via semi-structured virtual interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Five themes emerged: navigating classroom management, aligning curriculum with U.S. standards, building relationships with parents and the community, developing cultural and pedagogical competence, and seeking professional support while maintaining resilience. Participants adapted to new behavioral norms, instructional pacing, and culturally nuanced communication through mentorship, reflective practice, professional learning communities, and culturally responsive teaching. Findings highlight that early career success depends on pedagogical, cultural, and institutional adaptability. Implications emphasize culturally responsive induction, structured mentorship, targeted professional development, and administrative guidance to support teacher effectiveness, retention, and student outcomes
Navigating College with Disability and Identity: A Narrative Inquiry on the Lived Experiences of an LGBTQIA+ Student with a Limb Impairment
Full text linkThis qualitative research investigates the real-life experiences of a college student who identifies as both LGBTQIA+ and a person with a limb impairment. The study was conducted in Magsaysay College a community college in the Philippines using narrative inquiry, with Riessman’s (2008) Thematic Narrative Analysis guiding the process. The goal was to understand how the participant manages daily college life, builds their identity, and deals with challenges related to both disability and gender identity. Information was gathered through a personal interview and supported by field notes and observations. From the participant’s story, several important themes came out: emotional strength, discrimination, difficulty with physical access, rejection by peers, family struggles, and the strong desire to be treated equally, not differently. The participant shared how they stay motivated despite judgment from others and explained that they don’t want special treatment, just fairness and understanding. What makes this study different is that it focuses on two identities at the same time, being LGBTQIA+ and having a disability, something not often explored in research, especially in the Philippine setting. The findings highlight the need for schools to improve accessibility, train teachers and staff on inclusion, and build systems that respect every student’s identity. This study hopes to give voice to students with similar experiences and encourage schools to create safer, more welcoming spaces where everyone has the chance to succeed and feel like they belong
Humanism Versus Devilsm: Religious Identities in Brontë's Wuthering Heights
Full text linkWuthering Heights by Emily Brontë is a Gothic masterpiece that intricately explores love, vengeance, class, and identity within the desolate Yorkshire moors. Religion emerges as a complex force shaped by the characters' moral, social, and psychological landscapes. Using Gothic Criticism and a comparative religious approach, this study examines how Christianity, Judaism, and Islam influence the novel’s themes and conflicts. At the heart of this exploration is Heathcliff, a figure straddling humanity and Satanism. His defiance of divine authority and supernatural bond with Catherine position him as both a Gothic antihero and a theological enigma. Through characters like Heathcliff, Joseph, and Catherine, Brontë questions faith, free will, and morality, challenging Christian traditions. The study analyses religious elements in the novel, highlighting faith as both a source of comfort and control. The final chapter scrutinizes Heathcliff’s ambiguous identity through scriptural references and Gypsy traditions, assessing his human and devilish aspects. By examining Gothic elements alongside religious themes, this research reveals the profound spiritual and existential dilemmas embedded in Wuthering Heights. Ultimately, it argues that religion is not merely a backdrop but a central force shaping character identities, conflicts, and resolutions in Brontë’s dark and tumultuous narrative
AI-Driven Personalization: Revolutionizing E-commerce with Blockchain and IoT Collaboration
Full text linkThis study investigates the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) in revolutionizing e-commerce personalization. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, it incorporates systematic literature reviews, secondary data analysis, and expert interviews. Findings reveal an 87.5% increase in customer retention rates due to AI-driven personalization from 2020 to 2024, with blockchain adoption reducing fraud cases by 80% and boosting transaction volumes by 540% over the same period. IoT integration achieved a ninefold rise in device use, driving a 45% reduction in logistics costs. The synergy of these technologies has addressed personalization challenges while enhancing security and operational efficiency. The study concludes with a call for adopting integrated frameworks, prioritizing ethical AI models, and scaling IoT adoption to sustain innovation in e-commerce
The Representation of Iraqi Identity in "English for Iraq" for High School Students: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Full text linkThis research tries to examine The Representation of Iraqi Identity in the Iraqi textbook “English for Iraq” concentrating on the reflection of the Iraqi identity in the contents of the book . The study adopts a critical discourse analysis to analyse the identity representation in this textbook . The researcher hypothesizes that “English for Iraq” contains hidden Iraqi identity representation. This paper aims to reveals the hidden Iraqi identity in the textbook “English for Iraq”. The paper adopts a qualitative approach to analyse some samples from the book. The textbook helps with "reconstructing national dignity and rebranding Iraqi identity" in a positive way by telling Hadid's stor
A Linguistic Study: Satire in Malam Baretong Ceremony of Minangkabau Pariaman Wedding Tradition
Full text linkABSTRACT
Satire in Malam Baretong event within the Minangkabau Pariaman wedding tradition holds profound philosophical meaning and serves as an effective tool for social control. It does not only serve as a critique but also as a tool to teach customary values, strengthen cultural identity, and maintain social balance. This applies to the Pariaman community, especially the younger generation whose understanding of Minangkabau cultural values is beginning to fade away. The purpose of this research is to understand and gain a better understanding of how satire is used in Malam Baretong event within the Minangkabau Pariaman wedding tradition. In this study, a descriptive qualitative approach is used to examine how various types of satire are clearly depicted in the Malam Baretong tradition of Minangkabau Pariaman weddings. In addition to direct observation and video recordings of Malam Baretong traditional wedding ceremony, data were also collected from books and YouTube videos containing information about the language and cultural customs of the Minangkabau Pariaman regarding Malam Baretong traditional wedding ceremony, as well as interviews with three community leaders of Pariaman to confirm the data. The findings of this research are as follows: Irony=17 (39.5%), Cynicism=9 (20.9%), Sarcasm=4 (9.3%), Antiphrasis=6 (13.9%), Innuendo=7 (16.2%). The type of satire most frequently found is Irony=17 (39.5%), indicating that the use of ironic remarks during the Malam Baretong traditional wedding ceremony of the Minangkabau Pariaman is more subtle and polite, reflecting a sense of humor in familiarity and kinship. Sarcasm=4 (9.3%) is the least frequently found because it is rarely encountered in the speech of the Minangkabau Pariaman community, especially during traditional wedding ceremonies