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Research of Current Common Languages in Afghanistan
Get PDFThe Purpose of this academic article is to analyze the current languages of Afghanistan; in addition, the position is studied. Afghanistan has a diverse cultural heritage, which is protected by these languages; the importance of keeping it alive is very high. This research is descriptive and analytical the type of research is librarian and methodical, which is a description of the current popular languages. In this country current languages and dialects thirty summers, each language is based on the number of speakers has its own status and position, which are called official, residual, local and national languages. These languages belong to the most popular groups in the world the famous are Aryan, Indo-Aryan and Turkish. In addition, the languages of the pro- semiotic and seraiki groups are currently in question
The Socio-cultural and Political Role of Women in the Teke Kingdom XIXth - XXth Centuries
Get PDFThe Teke company recognizes a heavy responsibility of women in their status as wife and mother and in their participation in different social, cultural and political activities. In this matrimonial society, the Teke woman is a true artist in the history of the Teke kingdom. On this subject, the political history of the Teke kingdom invokes the implication of the woman in the management of the kingdom and in the sense that the role of the woman is very noticed in this Teke civilization which continues to resist as best it can the perverse effects of globalization. As one of the last kingdoms in Central Africa, the Teke kingdom, which resisted during slavery and European penetration, has long known the importance of women. It was in this sense that it had made it possible to place her in the socio-cultural and political sphere. The Teke woman being a dynamic woman worked with great ardor, occupying an important place within the kingdom where her presence was almost noticed everywhere
Psychological Dimension and Relevance of Nigerian Educational Policies: Parent’s Perceptual Approach
Get PDFThe paper explored the depth of psychological content that can be found in the Nigerian educational policies formulated over the years, and its relationship with their relevance to the needs of the people. To ascertain this parental responses of how they perceived the effectiveness of each of the educational policies they have witnessed from the colonial days to the presence were obtained. Parents who were between 55 years and 80 years were used in the study. Sample size was three thousand, two hundred and sixteen parents. They were to complete a rating scale entitled Educational Policy Psychological Rating Scale (EPPRS). Reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.76. Being historical in design, data was analyzed with descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that the psychological contents (dimensions) of all the educational policies formulated so far in the country was low (Mean points < 50) and that the Pre-independence Educational Policy had the highest psychological elements (MP > 50). The psychological dimension as provided for in most of the Nigerian educational policies is grossly inadequate for policy effectiveness. It was further discovered that those educational policies that possessed low psychological background (dimension) also had lowered degree of relevance in addressing the needs of the people. Since psychological dimensions closely impinges on policy relevance, it was recommended among others that one of the emphases in developing educational policy is the provision of a rich psychological background in the policy
Male and Female Students’ Discourse Competence at Kalamansig National High School
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine the relationship between the oral and written discourse competence of the male and female students of Kalamansig National High School. Specifically, it sought to determine the level of oral and written discourse competence of male and female students in terms of informative, persuasive, and argumentative speeches; to find out if there is significant difference between male and female students’ written and oral discourse competence level in the three parameters; and to find out if there is a significant difference between the oral and written discourse competence in general when classified according to gender. This study used the descriptive-correlation method. The researcher utilized the purposive sampling in determining the seventy (70) Grade 10 performing students of Kalamansig National High School as respondents of the study. The teacher-made communicative written and speaking tests were used as instruments to gauge the male and female student’s written and oral discourse competence. Based on the findings, it was concluded that both male and female students oral and written discourse competence are good. Both group of students need equal attention from the teachers to enhance their speaking and writing skills
Imperative Sentences in Java Ngoko in North Sumatra
Get PDFThis study uses a qualitative method. Qualitative method is a method that uses descriptive methods to describe data by describing related events both in writing and verbally. The research procedure consists of three stages, namely the stage of data collection, data analysis, and presentation of data analysis. The method used in data collection is the method of observing. The technique used in data collection is a free-to-conversation listening technique by observing and recording data in the form of imperative sentences in the Ngoko Javanese language in North Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge and increase understanding of language command sentences Java Ngoko in North Sumatra. The source of the data in this research is the people in Bandar Tengah village, Bandar Khalipa h, North Sumatra as speakers of the Javanese Ngoko language. Based on the results of the study, imperative sentences in Javanese. Ngoko contain the intent to command, prohibit, invite, order repeatedly, invite, request, be angry, and ask for help
Inflexive Marker and Morphophonological Processes in the Lamalera Dialect of Lamaholot Language (LDLL)
Get PDFInflection is a universal linguistic phenomenon. The phenomenon of inflection occurs in every language according to each language system. The language system of each language greatly determines the peculiarities of the language inflection. Inflection in a language that is agglutinative is different from that in a language that has a synthetic, tonal and isolating system. The treatment of each language is different for this case of inflection. Lamalera Dialect of Lamaholot Language (LDLL) also shows inflection. Inflection in LDLL is different from inflection in other languages because of the language system, especially the LDLL sound system. LDLL is not characterized by agglutinative, nor synthetic, tonal nor isolating morphology. What is the strategy for inflection in LDLL? The result of the study shows that in LDLL, inflection is expressed clitically on the verb. These clitics are cross-referenced by the verbs. There are two types of cross-reference clitics, namely cross-referencing proclitics and enclitics. Proclitic cross-referencing applies to both transitive and intransitive root verbs. This form of cross-referencing pronouns is both proclitic and enclitic, and morphophonological changes actually occur. This process cannot be avoided because morphophonological processes actually occur due to merging of the morpheme with another morpheme. In this case the clitic is considered as bound morpheme
Falewuo (Kebambuan) Glosarium in Society Nias: Ecolinguistic Study
Get PDFEcolinguistic is a branch linguistics who studies the role of linguistics in problem ecology and environment. Ecolinguistics is an interdisciplinary study that looks at the link between ecosystems and linguistics. This study involves sociology, anthropology, psychology and political science. The socio-ecological aspects greatly affect the balance, preservation and inheritance of the environment for current and future generations. Falewuo's lexicon, for example Niru, still remains in the memory of the older generation, but the entity has become extinct. The purpose of this research is to maintain local ecological wisdoms that need to be included in the discourse of a healthy and green environment (greenspeak), bearing in mind that the soul (ideological, philosophical, socio-ecological concepts) of the community is imbued with these local wisdoms. There are changes due to the emergence of practical tools made of plastic, aluminum and iron. Of course, some that have been used can damage the environment and lose the vocabulary of bamboo in the Nias language because it is rarely used. This study used qualitative methods. The qualitative method is a research method based on existing facts or phenomena that empirically live in the speakers (Sudaryanto, 2015). The theory used is Mbete's ecolinguistic theory. From the research results, it was found that the changes in the lifestyle of the Nias people had changed considerably and did not pay attention to nature as a provider and life. The conclusion of this study is that the pattern of social life has also begun to shift towards individual traits. Environment and language are closely related because every flora and fauna that exists must have the meaning of the wealth of the language-speaking community
Waqf Land Disputes and Alternative Settlements
Get PDFThe system of Waqf management is still not as expected because many land dispute problems that arise in the midst of society are caused by factors that hinder the delivery of Waqf intentions from a representative. The issue of Waqf disputes is often brought to the path of litigation (court) so that alternative channels are needed in finding a resolution. The research method used is the method of juridical law research normative with the approach of legislation. The purpose of this research is to prioritize non-litigation pathways first to resolve Waqf disputes. The results showed that the factors that cause the non-implementation of Waqf lies in administrative problems when trying to make a deed of Waqf land pledge caused by disapproval by the heirs of the representative to the management of Waqf by nadzir who lack integrity and responsiveness. Recommendations on the issue, Waqf disputes should first put forward a non-Litigation line, because the Litigation line as a last resort to find a place to resolve land disputes.
 
The Using of Implicature in Poem by William Henry Davies
Get PDFThis paper aims to compare and analyze the five poems that written by five different poets to find the implicature in all that poems and try to find the literal meaning behind every poem that the writer took as their data. And for this research, the writer comes with the qualitative study with the descriptive method to analyze this research, where with this method the writer attempt to describe and interpret the object of the research because the data has presented descriptively. The analysis of this research has been done with read the poem thoroughly to find the implicature from the poem then describing how the types represented in each poem, and explaining the significant differences among the five poems.
 
Data Security Analysis Against Chosen Ciphertext Secure Public Key Attack Using Threshold Encryption Scheme
Get PDFA public key encryption cryptography system can be utilized to generate ciphertext of a message using a public key. However, this public key encryption cryptography system cannot be utilized if you want to generate ciphertext using several different keys. Solving the problems above can use the Chosen Ciphertext Secure Public Key Threshold Encryption scheme but are the securities from Threshold Encryption really strong in securing messages, therefore the above problems can be analyzed for Data Security Against Chosen Ciphertext Secure Public Key Attacks Using Threshold Encryption Schemes. The work process starts from Setup which functions to generate the server's private key and public key. Then, the process is continued with ShareKeyGen which functions to generate private keys based on the user's identity. After that, the process continues with ShareVerify which serves to verify the key generated from the ShareKeyGen process. The process will be continued again with Combine which serves to generate a private key that will be used in the decryption process. After that, the process will continue with the encryption process of the secret message. The ciphertext obtained will be sent to the recipient. The receiver verifies the ciphertext by running ValidateCT. Finally, the ciphertext is decrypted by running Decrypt. The software created can be used to display the workflow process of the Threshold schema. In addition, it makes it easier to test intercepts of ciphertext messages to other users so that generic securities analysis is carried out in testing the resulting ciphertext. The results of the implementation of Threshold Encryption algorithm scheme can protect important personal data, because it involves human rights, namely the right to access, the right to delete, the right to correct, the right to be corrected and the right to transfer personal data safely from attacks