al-Irsyad: Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Issues
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Educational views of Ibnu Sina: Pemikiran pendidikan Ibnu Sina
Full text linkSome crucial questions have been raised in recent decades about proper Islamic education: its aim, underlying philosophy and assumptions, and value system. The most profound question is how to integrate the dualistic and contradictory systems of education to solve the problem of dualism or bifurcation faced by the Ummah in the present day. Some Muslim scholars suggest that the pre-requisites of being excellent in this world and the hereafter go back to the Quran and the Sunnah. Unfortunately, the views of Islamic scholars on Islamic education have been neglected due to the dominance of western elements and modern ideas. Therefore, there is a great need for us to examine the previous Muslim philosophers’ views and contributions. To discuss the Muslim philosopher’s view of education, Ibn Sina’s concepts and ideas concerning education derived from some philosophical and epistemological domains have been analyzed. Extensive documentary analysis was made for this purpose, while previous literature by Ibnu Sina was referred to. A ‘biographical’ work was done, which refers to a work that draws on whatever materials are available to Ibnu Sina to represent an account of his life and achievements. Narrative analysis is used to elicit results, and a comparative analysis of this philosopher with Western thinkers such as Aristotle and John Dewey also ensues. It is hoped that this will explain Ibn Sina’s genuineness in developing knowledge in accordance with the Quran and Sunnah and his contribution to the contemporary educational system
أسباب الضعف في مدى مقروئية النصوص القرآنية المترجمة إلى اللغة الملايوية: Reasons for the weakness of the readability of Quranic texts translated into Malay language
No full textIt is clear that the translation of the meaning of the Quran plays an important role to educate non-Arabic Muslim speakers with the messages of the Quran and its teachings. Clarity, easiness in style of language and the choice of words ensure that the messages of the Quran is properly or at least partially readable. Readability of the translated text refers to the extent of which a reader can understand a translated text easily. Readability also denotes the clarity or complexity of the text itself. Various factors are employed to measure readability such as sentence length, complexity and clarity of sentence structure, the numbers of repeated words and cohesion between the texts. The objective of this research is to analyze the extent of the readability of the Quranic texts that are translated into Malay language. In achieving this objective, this study employs descriptive, analytical and comparative methods on several Quranic translations, namely the translation by Mahmoud Younis, Abdullah Basmeih and Zaini Dahalan. Based on a number of examples, the study concludes that some of the translated text is non-eloquent due to the using of parentheses in convergent position and occurrences of redundant repetitions. Furthermore, evidences also demonstrate to a certain extent unnecessary complexity in sentence structure due to the appearance of different pronouns referring to the same person or thing as well as a mismatch of pronoun to referred noun. Therefore, the issue of the extent of the readability of translated text has a crucial role in ensuring the cohesion and coherence of sentences whether partially or in its entirety.
لا مشاحة في القول إن ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم تؤدي دورا في تفهيم المسلمين من غير الناطقين بالعربية مقصوديةَ النص القرآني الأصلي العربي وفحوى رسالته. فالوضوح والسهولة في استعمال الأسلوب، وسلامة اختيار الألفاظ والمفردات سوف يحدّدان مقصودية النص المصدر وفحوى الرسالة القرآنية، أو على الأقل يفيد مدى مقروئية النص المترجَم جزءا من المعنى المراد في النص الأصلي. والمقصود بمقروئية ) Readability ( النص المترجم هو المدى الذي تبلغه الترجمة من حيث قابليتها للقراءة وفهمها بيسر وسهولة، أو مدى سهولة النص أو صعوبته من حيث قراءتهُ وفهمُه. هناك العديد من العوامل التي تستخدم لقياس المقروئية، منها ما يتعلّق بطول الجمل وقِصَرها، وتعقيد التراكيب وعدمه، وعدد الكلمات المكررّة وعكسه، والترابط بين أجزاء النص وعدمه. وعلى ضوء ذلك، يستهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل النصوص القرآنية المترجمة إلى اللغة الملايوية بغية الوصول إلى معرفة مدى مقروئية النص المترجَم. ويتم هذا البحث باختيار النسخ التي ترجمها محمود يون،، والشيخ عبد اله بسَميه، واحاا ييي دحلان للقيام بالدراسة التحليلية النموذجية، وكما تتم معالجة الموضوع في هذا البحث بالمنهج الوصفي والمنهج التحليلي والمنهج المقارن. فمن خلال تحليل بعض النصوص المترجمة إلى اللغة الملايوية تلاحظ الباحثة عدم فصاحة الأسلوب نتيجة لاستعمال القوسين في مواضع متقاربة من جانب، ونتيجة للتكرار غير الضروري من جانب آخر. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، تجد الباحثة التعقيد في التركيب نتيجة لوجود الضميرين المختلفين المشيرين إلى المضمر الواحد من ناحية، ونتيجة لعدم تطابق الضمير مع المضمر من ناحية أخرى. لذلك فإن قضية مدى مقروئية النص المترجم ذات أهمية في تحديد الاتساق والانسجام من ضمن الجمل أو جزء منها، والنص ككل.It is clear that the translation of the meaning of the Quran plays an important role to educate non-Arabic Muslim speakers with the messages of the Quran and its teachings. Clarity, easiness in the style of language, and the choice of words ensure that the messages of the Quran are properly or at least partially readable. The readability of the translated text refers to how a reader can easily understand a translated text. Readability also denotes the clarity or complexity of the text itself. Various factors are employed to measure readability, such as sentence length, complexity, sentence structure clarity, repeated words' numbers, and cohesion between the texts. This research aims to analyze the extent of the readability of the Quranic texts that are translated into the Malay language. In achieving this objective, this study employs descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods on several Quranic translations, namely the translation by Mahmoud Younis, Abdullah Basmeih, and Zaini Dahalan. Based on several examples, the study concludes that some of the translated text is non-eloquent due to the use of parentheses in convergent positions and occurrences of redundant repetitions. Furthermore, evidence also demonstrates to a certain extent unnecessary complexity in sentence structure due to the appearance of different pronouns referring to the same person or thing as well as a mismatch of pronoun to the referred noun. Therefore, the issue of the extent of the readability of translated text has a crucial role in ensuring the cohesion and coherence of sentences, whether partially or in their entirety
The converts and zakat distribution in state of Selangor: Mualaf dan pengagihan zakat di negeri Selangor
Full text linkKnowledge about the zakat distribution method is a vital issue because it leaves an impact on the converts regarding fairness and satisfaction. The aim of the study is to analyze the zakat distribution method in the state of Selangor. In addition, the study is to delve into statistics in the form of assistance programs received by the converts in Selangor. The study employs a mixed method that incorporates both quantitative and qualitative studies. The quantitative study employs the questionnaire instrument to survey 454 converts in Selangor. Meanwhile, the qualitative study employs the library study. The findings of the study indicate that there are twelve zakat distribution methods. The study also shows statistics in the form of assistance programs received by converts.There are fifteen forms of aid received by converts. On the one hand, the highest forms of assistance received by converts are the hari raya allowance and monthly financial assistance, which amounted to 54.4% and 47.6%, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest form of assistance program is printing and publication assistance, which amounts to 7%. The implication signifies that the zakat distribution method is disseminated either in the form of money or services. Thus, the study finds that the zakat authority in Selangor has fairly distributed the funds among 1/8 of the zakat recipients
أسلوب ترجمة المجاز إلى التشبيه : دراسة للنصوص القرآنية المترجمة إلى اللغة الملايوية: Method of trranslating metaphor into simile : a study on Quranic texts translated into Malay language
No full textObviously, the term (المجاز) has been given significant attention by Arab traditional scholars as well as modern scholars, especially those involved in semantic fields. There are several terms attributed to (المجاز) such as (المعاني المجازية ), (التعابير المجازية) and (الدلالة المجازية) until they are almost considered as having different concepts. As figurative meaning is a linguistic phenomenon that transcends its literal meaning, its translation is regarded as one of the crucial problems in conveying accurate meaning from one language to another. It is often difficult to ensure precise translation for figurative meaning due to its relationship with cultural, social, and semantic factors, in addition to people of a particular community who usually look at things from their own perspective. As a result, the translator will sometimes choose certain translation methods to overcome the problem of interpreting and clarifying the intended meaning of the source text. This paper studies Quranic texts translated into the Malay language and then analyzes them to discover the effectiveness of the translation method used. This study employs descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods on selected Quranic translations in the Malay language by Mahmoud Yunus, Abdullah Basmeih, and Zaini Dahlan. The findings show that these translators sometimes change the form of Quranic metonymy and metaphor to simile in the target language to create a cultural adaptation. This surely confirms that the method of translating metaphor into simile has contributed towards bringing the closest meaning, but this method is rarely used
Analisis perbandingan terjemahan kata partikel Arab Melayu: Comparative analysis of Arabic-Malay particle translation
No full textArabic vocabulary consists of nouns, verbs and particle words. This vocabulary belongs to standalone language group, a symbol to a certain meaning and comes from a single morpheme. The particles in linguistic field is one of the words in Arabic other than nouns and verbs. The noun and verb have their own meanings and can stand alone in a sentence. However, the particles cannot function at all if they are not joined with noun or verb in the sentence. The particles also give a variety of functions and meanings, depending on the meaning of the word. This study reveals the meaning, function, type, language form and translation method through qualitative methods with document analysis on Kamus Idris Al-Marbawi (KIAM) and Kamus Besar Arab Melayu Dewan (KBAMD). The findings revealed that there are differences between translation of KIAM and KBAMD, that there are some particles that are not translated by KBAMD and there are also differences in terms of the number of meanings of each particle generated by both dictionaries. Thus, it is hoped that this study will contribute to the new findings on lexicography studies in Arabic language and particles in particular. This study would also have a positive impact on linguistic study of Arabic in terms of grammar, translation, and even other studies related to Malay writers' thoughts and cultures
Halal food culture in Kuala Terengganu: Shariah perspective (Istitābat al-‘Arab): Budaya pemakanan halal di Kuala Terengganu: perspektif shariah (Istitābat al-‘Arab)
Full text linkDifferent cultures possess particular uniqueness in their culinary styles. Members of a society connect with each other through similar food patterns. People from different cultural backgrounds consume different foods with different culinary styles, including ingredients used, preparation methods, and consumption habits. Variations in food culture are basically due to different situations faced, which vary according to different societies. Religion is perceived to play a part in shaping Kuala Terengganu’s food culture, along with availability of food sources, geographical background, historical background, and migration. Considering that Kuala Terengganu is a predominantly Muslim district, its local food culture is by any means manifested by the prescription of Shariah Law, which is to consume halalan tayyiban and to bypass haram. This study attempts to review the concept of Istitābat Al-‘Arab pertaining to halal food rulings through various references found in different Quranic verses, hadith, and principles. Also in this study, the different interpretations from the major denominations in Islam (i.e., Hanafi, Maliki, Shafie, and Hanbali) regarding the concept of Istitābat Al-‘Arab are discussed. Hence, this particular paper explains the concept of Istitābat Al-‘Arab from a Shariah perspective in shaping Kuala Terengganu’s halal food culture with reference to local food rulings
Kefahaman belia Muslim terhadap konsep kebebasan beragama dengan isu keluar agama dalam Islam: kajian di Institut Pengajian Tinggi Selangor: Muslim youth understanding on the concept of religious freedom and the issue of apostasy in Islam: A study at Higher Learning Institutions of Selangor
No full textThe issue of apostasy in Islam is part of the right of religious freedom. The article aims to identify the Muslim youth understanding on the definition (concept) of religious freedom, their understanding on the issue of apostasy and the relationship between those two. The study uses descriptive quantitative approach in order to get responses from various background of respondents. A total of 404 questionnaires were distributed to the students from selected institutes of higher learning in Selangor by using a purposive sampling method. The findings show that the Muslim youth understanding on the concept of religious freedom is high with a mean score of 4.33. Their understanding on the issue of apostasy is also high with a mean score of 3.86. Furthermore, Spearman result analysis show the significant and positive correlation between respondents understanding on the concept of religious freedom and their understanding on the issue of apostasy in Islam at p < .05. It can be concluded that the understanding on religious freedom has much bearing on the understanding of apostasy. This finding demonstrates it is important to expose Muslim youth on the concept of religious freedom according to Islamic perspective
Spiritual in the Quran: concepts and constructs: Spiritual di dalam al-Quran: konsep dan konstruk
No full textThe need for mankind towards spirituality and meaningful life as one solution to the spiritual crisis that is facing modern society has long been discussed by scholars. Some notable western scholars, such as Maslow, Frankl, Zohar, and Marshall, have shown a significant relationship between the human body, spirituality, and one’s life success. However, these theories reject the relationship between spirituality and religion, and they claim that spirituality is merely an aspiration for a human to survive. This perspective conflicts with what Islam brings. Thus, this paper shall discuss the spiritual concept in the Quran using the thematic content analysis method by analyzing the relevant verses of the Quran that relate to spirituality and, consequently, how the Quran debates the spiritual construct in these verses. Studies have shown that the Quran emphasizes that spirituality contributes to human rise and self-enlightenment in order to achieve the purpose and meaning of life, where the foundation of happiness and prosperity is a consequence of a good spirituality. The Quran also mentions al-lubb, al-sadr, al-ra’y, and al-fu’ad as spiritual constructs in addition to al-qalb, al-ruh, al-nafs, and al-‘aql which have indeed been highlighted by previous Muslim scholars
Shaḥādah in Syariah court evidence statutes in Malaysia: its foundation and legal sources: Syahadah dalam statut keterangan mahkamah syariah di Malaysia: asas dan sumber perundangan
No full textShahādah or testimony, is one of the strong types of evidence like an admission that should be reported by fulfilling the strict conditions without ignoring the elements of justice and public interest. Shahādah as provided in the Malaysian Syariah Court Evidence Statutes (SCES), is derived from the results of a detailed study of the lawmakers on Syariah legal rulings and the books of fiqh on various mazhab to fit in SCES. This is in contrast with other provisions that were adapted from the Malaysian Evidence Act 1950, like documentary evidence, examination of witnesses, and qarīnah through the process of modifying civil law with the principles of Islamic law of evidence. As shahādah in SCES was derived from Islamic law and the fiqh books, the issue arises when the conditions of shahādah seem to be quite difficult to fulfill to be admissible. Hence, most of the evidence tendered and testified in the Syariah court is only accepted as bayyinah by adopting the view of Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. This study analyzes the foundation and source of codifying the relevant provisions of shahādah in SCES Malaysia. Based on interviews and library research, the authors found that shahādah under SCES refers basically to the Islamic legal rulings, which mostly come from Shāfi‘ī mazhab also known as the main reference of Islamic law in Malaysia. However, by resorting to the flexible approach of selecting views from various Islamic schools of law to fit in SCES, other views of fiqh are also acceptable in some situations
Application of Islam and Malay customs in Torrens system in Malaysia: Pemakaian Islam dan adat Melayu dalam sistem Torrens di Malaysia
No full textLand law in Malaysia was based on the Torrens system, which was introduced by the British upon the colonization of Tanah Melayu. The system was used in this country through the enforcement of the National Land Code 1965. Before the British colonization, Tanah Melayu already had their own legal system based on Islamic law and Malay customs. The British colonization in Tanah Melayu had a big impact on the administration of land law when the Islamic law and Malay customs were abolished and replaced by the Torrens system. An issue arose whether the Islamic law and Malay customs were abolished or any room for its application. This paper will be discussed on applying Islamic law and Malay customs that were still existing in the administration of the land law Torrens system based in Malaysia. The method used was library research and document analysis. The finding was that Islamic law and Malay customs were recognized and applied only in certain cases. The exclusive power of the Syariah court that the amendment of Federal Constitutions has given opens room to the application of Islamic law and Malay customs in the administration of land law in Malaysia