al-Irsyad: Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Issues
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Pendekatan Nūr Al-Dīn ‘Itr (1937-2020) dalam Isu Kemasyarakatan Kontemporari melalui Hadis Nabawi: Nūr al-Dīn ‘Itr’s (1937-2020) Approach to Contemporary Social Issues through Prophetic Hadith
Full text linkThe Prophetic hadith remains relevant across all eras, as it comprises the words of the Prophet (peace be upon him) inspired by Allah the Almighty. Both the meaning and wording of the hadith transcend time and age. This study aimed to examine the interpretations of the modern muḥaddith Nūr al-Dīn ‘Itr regarding Prophetic traditions in addressing contemporary issues. Employing a qualitative descriptive library research method, this study analysed a hadith that presents the parable of al-ghayth (rain) as a symbol of divine guidance and knowledge. Through a literary-hermeneutical approach, Nūr al-Dīn ‘Itr explicates this hadith by integrating rhetorical analysis (balāghah), symbolism, and social critique. The findings highlighted the rhetorical beauty of the hadith in linking the symbolism of rain to historical realities and the moral decline of societies before and after Islam. The three types of soil in the hadith represent varying human receptivity to guidance. This study concluded that the modern world mirrors earlier periods of darkness due to materialistic dominance. This finding underscored the continued relevance of Prophetic guidance in restoring authentic human values.
Contribution: This article highlights the enduring relevance of the Prophetic traditions across all eras. In particular, Dr. Nūr al-Dīn ‘Itr’s contemporary interpretation of the term al-ghayth (rain) proves to be highly pertinent to present-day circumstances. The recurrence of events and temporal shifts underscore the necessity of understanding the Prophet’s ḥadīth in accordance with the context of each age
Hubung Kait Pemakanan Halal dan Kesucian Hati: Kajian Hadis Keenam dalam Kitab al-Arba‘īn al-Nawawiyyah Karya Imam al-Nawawī (631-676 H.): The Relationship Between Halal Nutrition and Purification of the Heart: A Study of The Sixth Hadith in al-Arba‘īn al-Nawawiyyah by Imam al-Nawawī (631-676 AH)
Full text linkThis study aimed to analyse the relationship between ḥalāl nutrition and the purification of the heart, derived from the sixth hadith in the book of al-Arba‘īn al-Nawawiyyah by imam al-Nawawī. The hadith emphasizes that the purity of the heart is closely linked to one’s intake of lawful sources of sustenance, known as ḥalāl, and avoiding prohibited (ḥarām) and doubtful (shubhah) matters. The level of purity within the heart determines the quality of a person’s actions and behaviours, manifested through the body parts, such as the eyes, ears, tongue, genitals, hands and feet. This study adopted a qualitative methodology, employing content analysis of the hadith text and references to commentaries by hadith and Sufism scholars. The findings indicated that ḥalāl nutrition has a direct impact on the development of spiritual integrity, moral discipline, and the acceptance of one’s deeds in the sight of Allah. On the other hand, the consumption of non-ḥalāl sustenance and involvement in shubhah matters are the major contributors to the hardening of the heart and the rejection of good deeds. This study emphasized that attentiveness to the aspects of ḥalāl, ḥarām, and shubhah, especially in matters of nutrition, is not merely a question of fiqh rulings but carries profound implications for a Muslim’s spiritual development and moral conduct.
Contribution: This study contributes to the consolidation of thematic hadith (mawḍū‘ī) scholarship by highlighting the practical interplay between the principles of ḥalāl and ḥarām and the spiritual purification of the heart
Pendekatan Terjemahan Mahmud Yunus dalam Tafsir Qur’an Karim: Analisis Wacana Kināyah: Mahmud Yunus’ Translation Approach in Tafsir Qur’an Karim: An Analysis of Metonymic Discourse
Full text linkTafsir al-Qur’an al-Karim Rasm Uthmani, widely known as Tafsir Mahmud Yunus (TMY), is one of the most prominent Malay translations of Quranic meanings in the Malay world. This translation has received broad acceptance among the Malay community, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia, due to its use of clear and straightforward language that makes it accessible to readers from diverse backgrounds. This study aimed to analyse the translation approach of Mahmud Yunus by examining selected Quranic verses that contain kināyah or metonymic discourse as the research samples. Metonymy corresponds to kiasan (figurative expression) in Malay and represents one of the key aspects of ʿilm al-bayān (the study of figures of speech). In other words, metonymy is a type of figurative language that conveys meaning indirectly, without referring to the literal sense of the expression. Therefore, Quranic metonymic discourse needs to be translated into other languages using an appropriate translation approach to ensure that the intended message is accurately conveyed to target readers while maintaining semantic equivalence between the source text and the translated text. Based on the analysis of six (6) selected verses, this study emphasised that Mahmud Yunus was inconsistent in his use of translation approaches, which resulted in ambiguity in some instances concerning the overall meaning of the discourse
Shaping a progressive Islamic education in Uzbekistan: Balancing tradition and modernization, and the influence of Mahmudkhoja Behbudi: Membentuk pendidikan Islam progresif di Uzbekistan: Mengimbangi antara tradisi dengan pemodenan serta pengaruh Mahmudkhoja Behbudi
Full text linkIslamic religious education in Uzbekistan has demonstrated remarkable resilience and adaptability in the face of its profound historical, political, and cultural transformations. This study traces its evolution from the Soviet era—characterized by severe suppression and the dismantling of Islamic institutions—to its state-guided revival following Uzbekistan’s independence in 1991. It highlights how traditional Islamic values have been preserved and integrated with modern pedagogical approaches to address contemporary societal needs. During the Soviet period, informal networks like the Hujra system continued its religious education, ensuring its continuity despite restrictions. Post-independence reforms, however, have sought to cultivate moderate, apolitical Islamic teachings aligned with national development goals. Drawing on 20 academic studies, this article synthesizes key themes, including historical development, comparative analyses, policy frameworks, and modern challenges. Methodologically, the research categorizes these studies to explore the interplay between religious and secular paradigms, interdisciplinary learning, and the incorporation of technology and ethics into curricula. The study also examines the contributions of influential figures, like Mahmudkhoja Behbudi and the Jadidism movement in shaping a progressive Islamic education model. By placing Uzbekistan’s experience within a global perspective, this study provides valuable insights for other Muslim-majority nations seeking to reform their Islamic education systems—addressing contemporary complexities while preserving their cultural and spiritual identity.
Contribution: This study enhances the understanding of the evolution of Islamic religious education by highlighting its role in reconciling tradition and modernity while addressing global challenges. It aligns with the journal’s focus on contemporary Islamic issues, contributing to its multidisciplinary discussions on Islamic history
Keterjaminan Makanan dan Kenaikan Harga Barang: Meneroka Pentafsiran Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī (1932-2015) dalam al-Tafsīr al-Munīr: Food Security and Rising Prices: Exploring the Interpretation of Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī (1932–2015) in al-Tafsīr al-Munīr
Full text linkFood security and rising commodity prices have recently emerged as prominent global issues, with notable implications on Malaysia. These issues not only threaten economic stability but also widen social disparities and compromise public welfare. This study examined Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī’s interpretation of the Islamic perspectives on food security and price regulation in al-Tafsīr al-Munīr. Employing a qualitative methodology, a content analysis was conducted on Quranic verses related to economic issues as interpreted by al-Zuḥaylī, focusing on his principles of social justice, the prohibition of hoarding (al-iḥtikār), and state responsibility in securing citizens’ basic needs. The findings indicated that Islamic principles emphasize equitable resource management, the prevention of market exploitation, and the protection of fundamental human rights, including access to reasonably priced food. Al-Zuḥaylī’s insights provide a robust foundation for addressing contemporary issues of food security and price inflation, particularly in the Malaysian context. This comprehensive approach offers a valuable framework for the development of fair and sustainable economic policies. The implications of this study underscore the need to integrate Islamic principles with technological innovation and public policy for safeguarding food security and stable market prices. Furthermore, this study contributes to the academic discourse on Quranic exegesis and Islamic economics, while providing practical recommendations for policymakers addressing this critical issue
Skeptisisme Orientalis terhadap Hadis: Analisis Kritis Pemikiran Goldziher dan Schacht: Orientalist Scepticism Towards Hadith: A Critical Analysis of the Thoughts of Goldziher and Schacht
Full text linkThis study critically analysed the thoughts of two prominent Orientalist, Ignaz Goldziher and Joseph Schacht, who introduced a sceptical approach to the authenticity and authority of the hadith of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Goldziher questioned the originality of isnād, viewing hadith as a reflection of the sociopolitical developments within the Muslim community. Meanwhile, Schacht rejected the reliability of early isnād, arguing that most hadiths were fabricated to support the later authority of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). This study employed document analysis and methodological comparison to evaluate the epistemological foundations, methodologies, and the strengths and weaknesses of their arguments. This study further explored the critical responses of modern Muslim scholars, including M. M. Azami, who uphold the authenticity of hadith through rigorous academic and historical methods. The findings indicated that while the Orientalist approach has introduced new perspectives in Western hadith studies, it often disregards the established internal disciplines of hadith sciences within the Islam. This study emphasized the need for a balanced, contextual, and interdisciplinary approach for evaluating hadith sources.
Contribution: This study is highly relevant to the focus and scope of the journal, which centers on the study of religion, epistemology, and research methodology, as it integrates historical analysis, source criticism methodology, and contemporary perspectives in hadith studies. This study also contributes significantly to scholarly debates on hadith and encourages researchers to re-examine hadith studies through a holistic and critical approach
Voices of Muslim scholars: Navigating contemporary challenges in Islamic thought: Suara Sarjana Muslim: Menelusuri Cabaran Kontemporari dalam Pemikiran Islam
No full textPersepsi Pelancong Muslim terhadap Aplikasi Realiti Luasan (AR) Berbahasa Arab Berasaskan Prinsip Etika Imam al-Ghazālī (1058-1111 M.) di Selangor, Malaysia: Muslim Tourists’ Perceptions of an Arabic Language Augmented Reality (AR) Application Based on the Ethical Principles of Imam al-Ghazālī (1058-1111 M.) in Selangor, Malaysia
Full text linkThis quantitative study examined the integration of Imam al-Ghazālī’s spiritual principles of travel (ādāb al-safar) into digital Islamic tourism through an Arabic-based Augmented Reality (AR) application designed for Muslim tourists in Selangor. This study assessed Muslim travellers’ perceptions of AR technology that incorporates Arabic linguistic features and spiritual values grounded in imam al-Ghazālī’s concept of tazkiyah al-nafs (spiritual purification). A structured survey was administered to 400 respondents, comprising local and international Muslim tourists visiting key Islamic heritage sites in Selangor, Malaysia. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests. The findings indicated strong acceptance of AR technology in enhancing spiritual reflection, engagement with the Arabic language, and appreciation of Islamic cultural heritage during tourism activities. Furthermore, a significant correlation was identified between AR immersion and the perceived depth of inner spiritual experience. This study concluded that intergrating imam al-Ghazālī’s ethical framework into AR-based Islamic tourism has the potential to foster a more holistic and spiritually conscious form of digital travel
Panduan Menangani Cabaran Etika Penggunaan Kecerdasan Buatan Berpandukan Maqāṣid al-Qur’ān menurut Yūsuf Al-Qaraḍāwī (1926-2022): Guidelines for Addressing the Ethical Challenges of Using Artificial Intelligence Based on the Maqāṣid al-Qur’ān According to Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī (1926-2022)
Full text linkToday, the digital era is rapidly developing and artificial intelligence (AI) has brought transformative changes across diverse industrial sectors. Its application also generates complex ethical challenges, particularly related to algorithmic fairness, data privacy, and accountability in decision-making. The absence of Islamic ethical guidance in AI deployment has further resulted in practices that are misaligned with Sharia principles. In this regard, the maqāṣid al-Qurʾān plays its role in emphasising the preservation of human dignity, justice and well-being in all aspects of life, in addition to providing a promising foundation for guiding the ethical use of AI. This article explored the framework proposed by Yūsuf al- Qaraḍāwī in his work Kayf Nataʿāmal Maʿa al-Qurʾān al-ʿAẓīm (How to Engage with the Noble Quran), which articulates a systematic understanding of maqāṣid al-Qurʾān that can be applied to contemporary issues. By employing a qualitative methodology through content analysis, the study analysed al-Qaraḍāwī’s conception of maqāṣid al-Qurʾān and inquiry into its relevance in addressing the ethical dilemmas of AI. The findings indicated that the principles outlined in his framework can serve as a clear guide for ensuring that AI development and its application are consistent with Sharia objectives. Moreover, the study highlighted the necessity for collaboration between Islamic scholars and technology experts in formulating comprehensive guidelines that direct AI towards promoting social welfare, protecting fundamental human rights, and preventing harm. Such an approach ensures that technological advancement becomes a source of benefit for humanity while safeguarding ethical and spiritual values
Pendidikan Teodisi Islam sebagai Wacana Dakwah: Analisis Pendekatan al-Būṭī dalam al-Insān wa ‘Adālah Allāh fī al-Arḍ: Islamic Theodicy Education as A Da‘wah Discourse: An Analysis of al-Būṭī’s Approach in al-Insān Wa ‘Adālah Allāh Fī al-Arḍ
Full text linkThe issue of divine justice in the face of human suffering and evil is often used as an argument to question the existence of God or to challenge His attributes of justice and mercy. In this context, theodicy serves as a da‘wah discourse, addressing such doubts rationally and through divine revelation. This study employed content analysis to analyze syeikh Sa‘īd Ramaḍān al-Būṭī’s arguments on theodicy in al-Insān wa ‘Adālah Allāh fī al-Arḍ as a method of guiding those who experience theological doubts. The findings indicated that al-Būṭī emphasizes two main principles in understanding theodicy: God as the Creator and Owner of all things, with human beings as His servants, and the understanding that trials occur in both hardship and ease. Additionally, al-Būṭī also highlighted that worldly life is only a small part of Allah’s greater and comprehensive plan.
Contribution: The findings of this study contribute to the education of society regarding the proper understanding of theodicy according to al-Būṭī. The study provides both an intellectual and spiritual framework to address the doubts of atheists and agnostics regarding the concepts of divinity and destiny. The findings also serves as a da‘wah approach towards these groups