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Performance of the supervised generative classifiers of spatio-temporal areal data using various spatial autocorrelation indexes /
No full textThis article is concerned with a generative approach to supervised classification of spatio-temporal data collected at fixed areal units and modeled by Gaussian Markov random field. We focused on the classifiers based on Bayes discriminant functions formed by the log-ratio of the class conditional likelihoods. As a novel modeling contribution, we propose to use decision threshold values induced by three popular spatial autocorrelation indexes, i.e., Moran’s I, Geary’s C and Getis–Ord G. The goal of this study is to extend the recent investigations in the context of geostatistical and hidden Markov Gaussian models to one in the context of areal Gaussian Markov models. The classifiers performance measures are chosen to be the average accuracy rate, which shows the percentage of correctly classified test data, balanced accuracy rate specified by the average of sensitivity and specificity and the geometric mean of sensitivity and specificity. The proposed methodology is illustrated using annual death rate data collected by the Institute of Hygiene of the Republic of Lithuania from the 60 unicipalities in the period from 2001 to 2019. Classification model selection procedure is illustrated on three data sets with class labels specified by the threshold to mortality index due to acute cardiovascular event, malignant neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system. Presented critical comparison among proposed approach classifiers with various spatial autocorrelation indexes (decision threshold values) and classifier based hidden Markov model can aid in the selection of proper classification techniques for the spatio-temporal areal data
International Society of University Colon and Rectal Surgeons survey of surgeons’ preference on rectal cancer treatment /
No full textPurpose: Rectal cancer treatment has a wide range of possible approaches from radical extirpative surgery to nonoperative watchful waiting following chemoradiotherapy, with or without, additional chemotherapy. Our goal was to assess the personal opinion of active practicing surgeons on rectal cancer treatment if he/she was the patient. Methods: A panel of the International Society of University Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ISUCRS) selected 10 questions that were included in a questionnaire that included other items including demographics. The questionnaire was distributed electronically to ISUCRS fellows and other surgeons included in our database and remained open from April 16 to 28, 2020. Results: One hundred sixty-three specialists completed the survey. The majority of surgeons (n=65, 39.9%) chose the minimally invasive (laparoscopic) surgery for their personal treatment of rectal cancer. For low-lying rectal cancer T1 and T2, the treatment choice was standard chemoradiation+local excision (n=60, 36.8%) followed by local excision±chemoradiotherapy if needed (n=55, 33.7%). In regards to locally advanced low rectal cancer T3 or greater, the preference of the responders was for laparoscopic surgery (n=65, 39.9%). We found a statistically significant relationship between surgeons’ age and their preference for minimally invasive techniques demonstrating an age-based bias on senior surgeons’ inclination toward open approach. Conclusion: Our survey reveals an age-based preference by surgeons for minimally invasive surgical techniques as well as organ-preserving techniques for personal treatment of treating rectal cancer. Only 1/4 of specialists do adhere to the international guidelines for treating early rectal cancer
Administration and modernization of apartment buidings in Klaipėda city municipality.
No full textMaster‘s degree theme – Administration and modernization of apartment buidings in Klaipėda city municipality. Themes actuality is about sustainable development, which is closely related to implementation of governance principles in the public sector. Work objective – to evaluate the administration and modernization of apartment buildings in Klaipėda city municipality. Tasks set for the implementation of the goal: analyze multi-apartment houses from the theory view; examine multi-apartment houses modernization process in Lithuania by reviewing the legal regulation, modernization need and implemented practice; carry out Administration and modernization of apartment buidings research in Klaipėda city municipality, from the point of view of the representatives of the administering companies. From theoretically perspective, analyzing multi-apartment building administration and modernization concept as one of components of housing policy. Reviewing administration and modernization of apartment buidings legal regulation and from that occuring problems, providing administration forms and modernization review. Revealing the need of modernization in the context of sustainable development. To answer the question about multi-apartment building occuring problems by modernizating them in Klaipėda city, a qualitative study was performed, during which promoting and hindering factors of modernization were realised, identified the problems which are faced by multi-aparment administration workers and revealed the methods which workers use to encourages habitants for modernization. This research revealed that administration of apartment buidings workers are facing variety of problems like negative attitude and passivity of habitants towards modernization, lack of will for cooperating and communicating. Multi-apartment building administrators are taking initiatives to encourage residents to become more involved in the management of their home. One of the main problems – difficult communication proccess. The modernization process is hampered by insufficient communication with habitants, limited financial resources, inappropriate state support, complicated process of preparing documents, distrust toward administration workers, insufficient education of residents. The results of the research show that the passive participation of the residents, complicated communication process and insufficient cooperation do not encourage residents to participate in the management of the house and hinders the modernization of apartment buildings in Klaipėda city municipality
Attracting volunteers to non-profit organisations.
No full textThe Master's thesis examines a relevant problem of non-profit organisations – the attraction of volunteers. The aim of the research is to: identify the factors affecting the engagement of volunteers to non-profit organisations, with recommendations for improving volunteer recruitment. Problem research questions formulated in the paper: What measures might encourage volunteers to become more involved in volunteering? Do the management factors of the organisation influence the willingness of volunteers to join volunteering? In order to identify the factors that determine the recruiting of volunteers, two qualitative studies were carried out and a semi-structured interview method was used for data collection. The theoretical part of the thesis reveals the peculiarities of NPOs and theoretical aspects of volunteering, discusses the factors determining the choice of volunteering and describes the managerial aspects of volunteering management. The conducted research as a whole confirmed the majority of the factors emphasised in the theoretical part that determine the attraction of volunteers to organisations. The research shows that organisations face problems in attracting volunteers. The research identified the following factors that contribute to attracting volunteers: awareness of the organisation, motivation of volunteers and application of incentive measures, reimbursement of expenses incurred, promotion of the purpose and need of volunteering, highlighting of the meaning of activities, influence of professional skills and personal qualities of the organisation's employees, significant and varied activities of the organisation, convenient location, opportunity to coordinate time, evaluation, opportunity to improve, communicate and establish new acquaintances. The data from the research revealed the following effective measures to engage volunteers: volunteer education and training on volunteering, communication, informal activities, respect, appreciation; free entertainment, reimbursement of expenses, role models, souvenirs. Based on the information provided by experts and volunteers, recommendations were formulated to increase the possibilities of attracting volunteers. Keywords:
Current trends and issues in applications of remote sensing in coastal and marine conservation /
No full textThe background of this feature article is a necessity to systematize a vast array of issues pertinent to the latest applications of remote sensing in coastal and marine conservation. Hence the purpose of this study: stocktaking of cutting-edge research articles in this field and eliciting the essential trends and issues shaping the knowledge and future research and technical development perspectives in coastal and marine nature conservation, which is pivotal for meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals till 2030. A hierarchical cluster analysis was undertaken with the KH Coder 3.0 tool to elicit topical co-occurrence networks for thematic words in academic papers from 2015 to 2021 on the topic quarried from Scholar Google. The article’s main findings are the elicited four main trending themes in applications of remote sensing in coastal and marine conservation: (1) Remote Sensing-Based Classification and Modelling; (2) Conservation of Tropical Coastal and Marine Habitats; (3) Mapping of Habitats and Species Distribution; (4) Ecosystem and Biodiversity Conservation and Resource Management. The main conclusion of the article is that habitat vulnerability is a key factor to take into consideration for the future hybrid applications of remote sensing and “citizen science” inputs
Chronic pain and sleep quality among [atients.
No full textPoor quality of sleep often leads to constant fatigue, which negatively affects a person's activities, emotions and physical needs. A person becomes inattentive, often angry, which negatively affects his quality of life. Most sufferers experience poor quality of life and sleep problems
What about responsible consumption? A survey focused on food waste and consumer habits /
No full textThe article analyses the problems of food waste and responsible consumption that include taking into account environmental-social-health and economic impacts of products and services. The study raises the research question related to whether people consume food responsibly. Analysis of research literature sources, systematization, synthesis, generalization, quantitative research and data processing methods were used in the article. The questionnaire was arranged on the pollimill.com website, and the link was shared with selected possible respondents. The survey was carried out in Lithuania and in European countries. The survey sample is equal to 1080 respondents (566 respondents from Lithuania and 514 from Italy, Poland, Latvia, Germany and France). A simple random sample was used in this research. The survey highlighted that the majority of respondents in the survey state that food is not often wasted. In addition, findings show that the population of Lithuania emits slightly less food than the population of the European countries participating in the survey. These findings could be crucial for the future green directions from the side of policymakers