Institutional Repository of Klaipėda University
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From the Soviet “Statue of Liberty” to the Lithuanian partisan memorial: the significance of Kryžkalnis in 1972-2020.
No full textThis article examines the change in the space and significance(s) of the Kryžkalnis Memorial during the Soviet era and the period of independent Lithuania. Some key questions are posed: what meanings were embodied in the central accent of the memorial to the liberators of the Soviet Army – the Kryžkalnis Mother Monument – and how was this monument “domesticated”? Why did the memorial, established on the initiative of the LCP (b) Central Committee, dedicated to a foreign Red Army and intensively used for propaganda, deserve a relatively greater public attention and sensitivity during the Revival (and later) than most other signs of Soviet-era identity? What determined it: the aesthetics of the sculpture, the idea embodied in it, the exclusive topography of the object, the nostalgia for the past? What determined that in the years of independence Kryžkalnis was chosen to create a memorial to Lithuanian partisans and what concepts of freedom were supported in the semantics of both spaces of remembrance
Examples of Cain’s guilt in the sermons by priest Jurgis Pabrėža.
No full textOvercoming guilt and feeling spiritual peace is a fundamental human endeavour. The church calls for reconciliation with oneself, others and God and it calls to seek salvation – eternal happiness and peace. One of the most active preachers of the teaching of the Church was priest Jurgis Pabrėža (1771–1849), whose 250th birth anniversary has been commemorated in 2021. He was the man with an ambition to serve others wholeheartedly so that we “receive salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ” (1 Thessalonians 5: 9). Speaking of human guilt and liberation from the oppressive feeling of guilt in his sermons, Fr. J. Pabrėža provided the example of Cain’s story. J. Pabrėža mentions the biblical name of Cain in his sermon collection “Sermons on Various Matters” 22 times. Of 48 sermons in this collection Cain is mentioned in 5 of them. Examples of Cain’s experience of sin and guilt are provided when discussing the spiritual well-being of a person: who has no hope of being saved; who does not commit sin by killing another man; why is it bad to desire what belongs to another; what evil is there in a jealous sneer towards others; what is wrong with a blasphemous confession? In the biblical story of Cain and examples of this narrative in the sermons of Fr. J. Pabrėža we see that a person experiences a disturbing feeling of guilt as a subconscious state of insecurity, helplessness and spiritual suffering, and as a lack of meaning in life. This sense of guilt has its own cause – sin, i.e. acting in the world against the laws of nature
Artistic research: a cuckoo's egg in other bird's nest or an epistemologically justified strategy of research?
No full textIn the broader context of other types of research, the authors of this article seek to analyse the epistemological status of artistic research. Because of its transdisciplinary character, artistic research is interpreted ambiguously: on the one hand, it might be treated as an unjustified and illicit intervention into the scientific field, on the other hand, despite its peculiarities artistic research still might be capable of creating knowledge commensurable with the knowledge produced in other (scientific) disciplines. The major question the article seeks to answer is the following: is it possible to justify artistic research applying ready-made arguments in the philosophy of science
The main forms and the development of financial participation of employees in Lithuania.
No full textThe article analyses the development of employee financial participation in Lithuania, describes the legal environment of financial participation, and supports this participation. Two methods were used to analyse employee financial participation: 1) the method of logical analysis in examining the internal documents of companies; 2) the qualitative research methods of focus group and semi-structured individual interviews. Theories of the agency and stakeholders were used to analyse the data collected. These theories are usually applied in research in an integrated way, analysing employee financial participation to elucidate the phenomenon of employee ownership, and examining the agent’s performance. It has been established that in Lithuania four employee share ownership programmes and plans usually apply: extensive employee share option programmes (granted to public limited companies whose shares are traded on stock exchanges); granting employee stock options to executives (so-called executive stock option programmes and one-time decisions); stock option programmes in start-ups; and shares granted by shareholders to employees
Realities and perspectives of mentor activity expression: case study of Lithuanian police school.
No full textIn the analysis of the need for continuing vocational education and training, the problem of activity was observed: officials fail to convey the available professional knowledge and skills by training newly recruited officials on the spot, which superimposed the scientific problem: what are the possibilities of expressing the mentor's activities in the territorial police establishment? Object: mentoring at the Lithuania police school. Purpose: to analyze theoretically the activities of the mentor and to empirically reveal the possibilities of expression of mentoring in the Lithuania police school. Tasks to achieve the purpose of the article: 1) describe the concept of mentoring and mentor, and describe the forms of mentoring, o reveal the peculiarities of the mentor's activity, required characteristics and activity functions in the Lithuanian Police School; 2) to analyze the respondents' attitudes towards the realities and perspectives of the expression of the mentor's activity in the Lithuanian Police School. The analysis of scientific literature was done in order to theoretically describe and systematize and analyze the concept of mentoring and mentor in the context of a Lithuania police school. A questionnaire survey was conducted in order to examine the respondents' attitude to the importance of mentoring in the Lithuanian Police School, to reveal the role of the mentor and his / her behavioral attitudes in the Lithuanian Police School. Data analysis is performed by collecting and organizing data using the Google Forms tool to create databases in MS Excel. The obtained results and data are interpreted using specialized statistical computer software SPSS (Social Sciences Statistics Package). The conclusions of the research: The concept of mentoring and mentoring in the context of professional activity, Lithuanian police school activity is based theoretically (formal, informal nature of mentoring) and acceptable in practice as support, assistance to less experienced officers (protected persons) in developing their career. Mentoring is a mentor's activity, defined as the relationship, the relationship between an experienced and a less experienced officer, during which the mentor teaches, advises, helps and provides feedback. The mentor's activities must be based on the functions of counseling, guidance, monitoring, evaluation, and consensus. The mentor must have the necessary skills: to be competent, respectful, flexible, self-confident and patronized, interested in helping, to be a real authority and example. Social, didactic, subject and personal mentor competencies are distinguished. Mentoring is associated with other areas of professional support and assistance: educational guidance, supervision, staff training, etc., which follow similar principles. Only the Lithuanian Police School itself can decide which of these measures is more useful for officers and the organization. After examining the competencies of a mentor's activity through quantitative research, the respondents emphasize the importance of personal qualities. The main personal qualities that a mentor should have are communicability, flexibility, leadership skills, the ability to be a real role model for the person being protected. The application of all these qualities provides an opportunity for collaboration between the mentor and the protected person. The main functions of a mentor's activity at the Lithuanian Police School are support, assistance to the protected person, development in professional activities, ensuring professional integration. Mentoring can provide the Lithuanian Police School not only with great benefits in terms of human resource development, but also in terms of knowledge management. Mentoring also benefits not only the professional development of the organization or the mentee, but also the mentor himself. The research revealed that it is possible to implement formal mentoring in a Lithuanian police school, because a positive attitude prevails and there are people who are able and willing to become mentors. The research highlighted that mentoring in the Lithuanian Police School focused on information, relationship development and the vision of the protected person is an area of the mentor's activity and behavior that needs to be improved
Maritime multi-use approach in the Baltic Sea Region: offshore wind energy and tourism cases /
No full textThis research aims at analysing maritime spatial planning (MSP) development in the countries of the Baltic Sea Region through the lens of the concept of a multi-use approach to maritime space. Special focus is on the offshore wind energy and coastal and offshore tourism sectors. The goal is to contribute to the progress of a sustainable blue economy. The research methods used include analysis (using such techniques as monographic, dogmatically comparable, and special analytical) and synthesis through examination of marine plans, regional and national policy documents, and MSP-related legislation in the European Union Member States of the Baltic Sea Region. The results of the research confirm that in a contemporary understanding a holistic multi-use approach to maritime space forms an integral part of MSP for resource and space sharing between two or more activities with the aim of benefiting all users. Conceptually, it evidences the emergence of the multi-use principle in the MSP process. However, while offshore wind development is prominently prioritised in the currently adopted marine plans, accentuation of applying the multi-use principle is rather cautious. In this aspect, knowledge transfer from countries with longerestablished experience in offshore wind development and its combination with other activities, such as tourism, is crucial. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that large-scale offshore renewable energy and the concept of multi-use maritime space will also mark the long-term future development of MSP in line with global and European Union targets for achieving carbon neutrality and zero pollution, promoting the circular economy, and restoring biodiversity by 2050
Connection between women’s preparedness for childbirth and satisfaction with childbirth process.
No full textAntenatal education increases both the consciousness in pregnant women and the ability to overcome fear and anxiety, helps control pain during childbirth as well as identify oneself within the role of motherhood. The evaluation of women’s satisfaction with childbirth process facilitates the understanding of childbirth experience. In order to provide high quality care in antenatal and postnatal period, it is significant to identify the correlation between antenatal education and the satisfaction with childbirth. The aim of this research is to identify the correlation between the women’s preparedness for childbirth and the satisfaction with childbirth process. Research methodology. Quantitative research has been fulfilled with the questionnaire used as a research instrument. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) has been applied. 212 respondents have been included into the research sample. The research has been accomplished in compliance with ethical principles. SPSS 26.0 Statistical Software has been applied for data processing with the data edited using Microsoft Excel. Research results. Women in childbirth who have taken part in the research state that they have received the information of highest quality while reading books and research articles, consulting with an obstetrician-gynaecologist as well as through surfing specialised web pages. It has been revealed that women in childbirth feel the lack of information about the instruments used in childbirth process and possible complications during the postnatal period. Moreover, these women face the lack of information about such issues as the need to get some quietness and peace, lack of sleep as well as the problems related to child’s screaming and crying. The quality of help provided during childbirth process was higher when pregnant women could visit and choose the hospital where childbirth was planned. When there was no medical pain relief applied, the stress experienced during childbirth process was tolerated better with the generally better satisfaction with childbirth process. Also, the satisfaction with childbirth process was higher when pregnant women were provided with the information by taking part in maternity courses or through consulting with a doctor. It has been determined that with the age of women in childbirth increasing the stress experienced during childbirth decreases. Although no relation between the satisfaction of women in childbirth with the childbirth process and their education has been identified, those with higher university or non-university degree acquired have had more information about pain relief. Divorced women in childbirth compared to married women in childbirth or those living in a partnership have been less satisfied with the quality of services provided. The women in childbirth with prior childbirth experience have had more information related to new-born care and breastfeeding. Conclusion. The amount of information received increases the satisfaction of women with both the quality of help provided and the childbirth process itself
Investigation of the properties of epoxy resin composite with carbon nanotubes.
No full textThe master's thesis study explored and described two components composite consisting of epoxy resin and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The mechanical properties of bio epoxy resins and bio epoxy resins with carbon nanotube composites were analysed. Different combinations of bio-based epoxy resin and carbon nanotube composites were selected, which varied in the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the matrix as a percentage by mass: 0,2 %; 0,4 %; 0,6 %; 0,8 %; 2,0 %; 5,0 %; 10,0 %. Three units of each type of sample were produced. Tensile, bending and hardness tests were conducted experimentally. Based on the results of the tensile test, it was stated that the composites of the selected combinations do not reach the bio-based epoxy resin indicators without additives – the values of parameters decreased with increasing amount of carbon nanotubes. The load value – 1087,0 N, was 47,0 % lower with 5,0 % CNT concentration compared to the bio resin value – 2036,0 N. The lowest tensile strength value (25,47 MPa) was obtained with 5,0 % concentration of CNT, it is 35,0 % lower compared to the value of bio resin (39,45 MPa). The highest elongation was achieved with bio resin samples – 2,69 %. With a composite concentration of 5,0 % CNT, this value – 1,05 %, is 2,56 times lower. When the amount of carbon nanotubes increases, the brittleness of the composite also increases. The experimental test results showed that bending and microhardness values increase with the amount of carbon nanotubes in the bio epoxy resin. The maximum average load value was reached with 0,8 % CNT concentration – 162,0 N. Compared to the bio epoxy resin result – 128,0 N, the result is better by 27,0 %. The highest flexural strength value – 56,98 MPa, was obtained with a 0,8 % concentration of CNT. This result is 1,5 times higher than the value of the epoxy resin composite. The values of the bending test do not depend on the agglomerations of carbon nanotubes, and the increase of microhardness values is associated with improved bonding of carbon nanotubes to the epoxy network
The prediction of floods in Venice: methods, models and uncertainty (review article) /
No full textThis paper reviews the state of the art in storm surge forecasting and its particular application in the northern Adriatic Sea. The city of Venice already depends on operational storm surge forecasting systems to warn the population and economy of imminent flood threats, as well as help to protect the extensive cultural heritage. This will be more important in the future, with the new mobile barriers called MOSE (MOdulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico, Experimental Electromechanical Module) that will be completed by 2021. The barriers will depend on accurate storm surge forecasting to control their operation. In this paper, the physics behind the flooding of Venice is discussed, and the state of the art of storm surge forecasting in Europe is reviewed. The challenges for the surge forecasting systems are analyzed, especially in view of uncertainty. This includes consideration of selected historic extreme events that were particularly difficult to forecast. Four potential improvements are identified: (1) improve meteorological forecasts, (2) develop ensemble forecasting, (3) assimilation of water level measurements and (4) develop a multimodel approach
Sea-level rise in Venice: historic and future trends (review article) /
No full textThe city of Venice and the surrounding lagoonal ecosystem are highly vulnerable to variations in relative sea level. In the past ∼150 years, this was characterized by an average rate of relative sea-level rise of about 2.5 mm/year resulting from the combined contributions of vertical land movement and sea-level rise. This literature review reassesses and synthesizes the progress achieved in quantification, understanding and prediction of the individual contributions to local relative sea level, with a focus on the most recent studies. Subsidence contributed to about half of the historical relative sea-level rise in Venice. The current best estimate of the average rate of sea-level rise during the observational period from 1872 to 2019 based on tide-gauge data after removal of subsidence effects is 1.23 ± 0.13 mm/year. A higher – but more uncertain – rate of sea-level rise is observed for more recent years. Between 1993 and 2019, an average change of about +2.76 ± 1.75 mm/year is estimated from tide-gauge data after removal of subsidence. Unfortunately, satellite altimetry does not provide reliable sea-level data within the Venice Lagoon. Local sea-level changes in Venice closely depend on sea-level variations in the Adriatic Sea, which in turn are linked to sea-level variations in the Mediterranean Sea. Water mass exchange through the Strait of Gibraltar and its drivers currently constitute a source of substantial uncertainty for estimating future deviations of the Mediterranean mean sea-level trend from the global-mean value. Regional atmospheric and oceanic processes will likely contribute significant interannual and interdecadal future variability in Venetian sea level with a magnitude comparable to that observed in the past. On the basis of regional projections of sea-level rise and an understanding of the local and regional processes affecting relative sea-level trends in Venice, the likely range of atmospherically corrected relative sea-level rise in Venice by 2100 ranges between 32 and 62 cm for the RCP2.6 scenario and between 58 and 110 cm for the RCP8.5 scenario, respectively. A plausible but unlikely high-end scenario linked to strong ice-sheet melting yields about 180 cm of relative sea-level rise in Venice by 2100. Projections of human-induced vertical land motions are currently not available, but historical evidence demonstrates that they have the potential to produce a significant contribution to the relative sea-level rise in Venice, exacerbating the hazard posed by climatically induced sea-level changes