Institutional Repository of Klaipėda University
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Psychological measures to support human existence in prison.
No full textThe article analyzes the psychological measures that support human existence in prison. The main source chosen is the novel “Notes from the House of the Dead” (1861–1862) by Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821–1881), a classic of Russian literature, which was written based on his personal experience as a political prisoner (1849– 1859). The author, above the gloomy life in prison, the poor household and the dehumanization of convicts, raises the effort to remain human and the hidden features of personal goodness hidden in the prison system. The article discusses why prisoners feel differently being in the same environment. The provision of needs according to the hierarchy of human needs established by the American psychologist Abraham Maslow and the changed concept of freedom served as a psychological support for the convicts. Survival was aided by a different perception of time spent in prison as non-existent in human life and physical work as a way to be forgotten
Evaluation of the impact of science and technology on the labour market /
No full textScience and technology have led to economic growth for more than 250 years. Three industrial revolutions were observed during this period. New technologies are still rapidly developed every day. Robots, various algorithms, 3D printing, artificial intelligence, software help people perform various tasks. The dissemination of information is digitized. Science and technology are seen as a tool of economic progress. Science and technology are composed of research and experimental development, social innovation research, high technology, and human resources in science and technology. Each of these components is linked to economic impact. One of the affected areas is the labor market. The labor market as a macroeconomic factor is described through employment and unemployment. Science and technology affect it, but the direction of impact is widely questioned. On the one hand, disseminating and implementing science and technology requires constant updating of knowledge. It could lead to widespread technological unemployment, as many people may lose their jobs due to automated jobs. On the other hand, the latest technologies could also lead to new businesses or new sectors and new jobs or professions. With the implementation of scientific technologies, the nature of work is changing. There is a need for specialists with higher qualifications, new knowledge. Such discussion reveals the lack of research that evaluates the impact of science and technology on the labor market. For revealing the impact of science and technology on the labor market, the analysis of Lithuanian statistical data and economic indicators was performed in the data collection process. The study involved correlation and regression analyses to evaluate the results. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that science and technology positively affect the growth of the country's employment rate and monthly wages (gross) and the decrease in the unemployment rate
Finalinis paleolitas Lietuvos kranto zonoje su technologiniu Aukštumalos akmens amžiaus gyvenviečių išskyrimu.
No full textThe Final Palaeolithic in the Lithuanian coastal zone has so far been represented only by a few archaeological finds from individual contexts, and a small number of archaeological excavations. However, their analysis has not revealed much regarding the technological development of hunting implements and work tools, or the choice and the use of necessary raw materials, and little data has been provided on the chronological aspects, or the connection between settlement locations and the changing level of the Baltic Sea. This paper presents the latest archaeological material from the Final Palaeolithic in the Lithuanian coastal area, based on the three sites at Aukštumala upland bog, and stray finds found in the area. The article focuses on technological and typological aspects of lithics related to Swiderian culture. The results of the study show that, with the shortage of flint raw material, Final Palaeolithic societies at Aukštumala relied on smaller and narrower blades, and compensated for the lack of flint raw material by using other, locally available metamorphic rocks
Klaus Richter, Fragmentation in East Central Europe: Poland and the Baltics, 1915–1929 :
No full textAir pollution assessment using satellite data, residents health and awareness analysis based on "Ekologistika" fire event example.
No full textAir pollution remains one of the most relevant problems in these days (EEA, 2020, 9). Changes in air quality due to increased levels of harmful gases in the air can have irreversible consequences for human health and quality of life. Some airborne pollutants are toxic, so if inhaled they can increase the chance of having health problems. People with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as, the elderly, children and pregnant women, are at the highest risk as they are more exposed to air pollution. Continuos ongoing studies of air quality are carried out in the world and in Lithuania, which aim to record increased air pollution levels both due to everyday factors (transport, industrial activities, etc.) and due to extreme events (fires, explosions, etc.). The aim of the research is to assess air pollution in the city and region of Alytus in 2019 in the fire event of the tire recycling factory „Ekologistika“ using satellite data and to examine the impact of air pollution on human health. The following tasks are set in the work: 1. To validate Sentinel-5P TROPOMI satellite data using the data from the Environmental Protection Agency‘s mobile air pollution assessment stations; 2. To analyze and map NO2 emissions dispersion during the fire event of the tire recycling factory „Ekologistika“ in Alytus, occured in 2019, taking into account the wind direction and speed data and the distance from the accident site; 3. To do a survey of the residents of Alytus city and region about the impact of air pollution on health and awareness during the fire event of the tire recycling factory „Ekologistika“ and analize the obtained data. The results of the air pollution study revealed that the data from Sentinel-5P TROPOMI are reliable for both the daily air quality assessment and the air condition change due to the extreme events. Also, the results showed that with higher wind speeds, air pollutants disperse faster and enter areas farther from the source of pollution, and with low wind speeds, air pollutants stay closer to the source of pollution for a longer period of time. This demonstrates the influence of meteorological conditions such as wind speed and direction on the spatial distribution of air pollutants. A survey of the residents of Alytus city and district about the impact of air pollution on health and the level of awareness during the fire event of the Alytus tire recycling factory „Ekologistika“ revealed that 40% of the respondents felt a negative impact of air pollution on health. The most noticeable symptoms were eye, nose and throat irritation, dizziness, shortness of breath. It was also found out that the residents of Alytus city felt and is still feeling the symptoms for a longer time. The results of the study revealed that younger people with a university degree were better informed about the event. Nevertheless, almost a quarter (24,2%) of the respondents felt poorly informed, and the analysis of the data by age group and education showed that these indicators did not have a significant effect on the level of awareness. The main reason for poor awareness is inaccurate or untimely information about the event, indicating poor communication between the authorities, the media and the residents of the Alytus city
Building up sisu, a nordic cultural construct for the comprehensive development of health and harmony /
No full textThe Finnish concept of sisu is a phenomenon in Nordic culture that has existed for 500 years in the Finnish nation. This cultural construct, a kind of lifestyle, a kind of ideology of life, enables the development of a persevering, balanced, enduring, resilient, healthy and harmonious personality. The sisu phenomenon inspires one to persevere, and to fight for success despite difficulties, even when it seems that the limits of human power have already been reached. The Nordic cultural construct of sisu has been linked with mental toughness and resilience, and good physical and mental health. There are elements that help to develop sisu in the individual and in society. They include the mindfulness of nature, physical activity, positivity, relaxation and recreation, withdrawal and stepping back, task fragmentation, leaving the comfort zone, and reward for completing a task. All of these are important elements for developing perseverance and inner strength, or sisu
Lithuania under the tsars and the German occupation (1795-1918): discrepancies in the history textbooks from the period between the Two World Wars.
No full textThe public figures who proclaimed Lithuanian independence at the end of the First World War treated their move as a restoration of the state, thereby presenting modern Lithuania as a continuation of the Medieval grand duchy. Previous research has already discussed an important prerequisite to further strengthen that continuity: in the interwar period, historians contributed significantly to the understanding that the grand duchy continued to exist after the Union of Lublin, as part of the Commonwealth of the Two Nations. However, less is known about how the period between the third partition of the Commonwealth and the proclamation of the modern Lithuanian state was approached. This article analyses how history textbooks published before 1940 represented the milestones of national oppression and revival during that period. Based on an analysis of several dozen history textbooks, the article aims to show how their authors contributed to the homogenisation of attitudes towards the period 1795 to 1918 in Lithuanian history, and addresses the question of how those who had ‘lived through the history’ tried to present it to the younger generation
Lithuanian entomonyms: nomination and models of motivation.
No full textThe article presents an analysis of Lithuanian folk entomonyms (insect names). The methodological approach is based on complex linguistic research, where semasiological and onomasiological aspects are combined. The main sources of empirical material are the LKŽe and 13 dialect dictionaries. Detailed analysis of lexicographical sources helped to establish the boundaries of the thematic group of entomonyms. Entomonyms are studied as the result of a nomination and motivation process. The analysis helped to determine the relationship between motivated and unmotivated members of the thematic group, the dominant nomination types, ways, instruments, the most important features of motivation, and the variety of models of motivation
Analysis of preparation of high-skill twin walkers for the 2016 Olympic Games.
No full textSport walking is an athletics competition that was known in ancient Greece. Sports, like most other sports and athletics, began to be cultivated in Lithuania only after the restoration of Lithuania's independence. In post-war Lithuania, sports walking was included in the programs of all athletics competitions. This athletics match became very popular when Antanas Mikėnas in 1956 became one of the strongest runners in the world. He won a silver medal at the Melbourne Olympics 20km way. This was the first Lithuanian athletics Olympic medal (Genevičius, 2005). The training of walkers was scientifically analyzed in detail in the textbook “Athletics” published in 1976, in which Mikėnas in the section “Sports Walking” examined the technique of sports walking, teaching methodology and training theory. Romankov et al. (2001) examined the problems of training a highly skilled runner, former world record holder K. Saltanovič. However, the history of women's sports walking in Lithuania is relatively very short, and the theory and methodology of training walkers have not yet been sufficiently studied in the literature. In recent years, Lithuanian runners have achieved increasingly important results in international competitions, become winners and prize-winners of various competitions, and participate in the Olympic Games. Therefore, a main problem arises - to examine the preparation of Lithuanian walkers for the most important competitions, to highlight the characteristic peculiarities of training, to study the change of their physical and functional abilities in the annual training cycle, to look for scientifically based ways to achieve high sports results
Study protocol for an International Prospective Observational Cohort Study for Optimal Bowel Resection Extent and Central Radicality for Colon Cancer (T-REX study) /
No full textThis is a prospective observational cohort study aiming to include 4000 patients with stages I to III colon cancer treated at 35 specialist institutions in Japan, South Korea, Germany, Russia, Lithuania and Taiwan. The anatomical distribution of lymph nodes and feeding arteries are investigated using surgical specimens according to pre-specified categorizing methods using intraoperative anatomical markings. Primary analyses are performed to identify the general principles of metastatic lymph node distribution in terms of its relation to the location of the primary tumor and feeding arteries. Secondary analyses will be used to estimate prognostic outcomes according to bowel resection length and central radicality and will be used to evaluate the quality of resected surgical specimens. Through in-depth lymph node mapping, standardized criteria for the definite area of ‘regional’ lymph node resection in routine surgical procedures can be identified, which is expected to contribute to international standardization in colon cancer surgery (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02938481)