Jurnal STAI Al-Hamidiyah
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Interventions to Manage Stress Among Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review
No full textRevisão sistemática destinada a analisar e sintetizar a evidência científica sobre a eficácia das intervenções de gestão do stress dirigidas a profissionais de saúde. Serão incluídos estudos empíricos publicados entre 2021 e 2025, identificados nas bases EBSCOhost, PubMed, Web of Science e Scopus, seguindo o protocolo PRISMA
Training Decision Making in Sports Using Virtual Reality: A Systematic Review
No full textThere is wide interest in using technologies to enhance the training of sports-specific skills. One promising technology is virtual reality (VR) because it can provide the athlete with rich, immersive, and representative scenarios. The key question is whether training with these systems will transfer to real-world performance. This systematic review examines the existing literature on using VR to improve sports decision-making. We identified 25 papers that used VR (which was very broadly defined by researchers) to train decision-making, and evaluated them with respect to transfer using the Modified Perceptual Training Framework (MPTF: Hadlow et al., 2018). In general research is taking advantage of VR’s ability to provide realistic environment, however many papers still rely on simple, non-representative actions from the athletes. Importantly, only six papers specifically assessed transfer of training to real world behaviour; given that transfer is the purpose of this training, this is a strong limitation on the developing evidence. The existing work does show that VR is worth investigating, so we make a series of recommendations to strengthen future research, with an emphasis on always measuring transfer and doing so guided by ecological approaches such as task dynamics (e.g. Leach et al., 2021a, b) and the MPTF
(Mis)perceiving others: Toward a second-person science of schizophrenia
No full textNegative symptoms and social difficulties are a source of disability in patients with
schizophrenia, yet they are less studied compared to delusions and hallucinations. We
draw inspiration from calls to view schizophrenia as a disorder of social interaction, and
argue that one way to operationalize such a second-person approach is in terms of the
perceptual crossing paradigm. In this paradigm of social haptics, two participants are
tasked to find each other’s avatar in an invisible virtual space that also contains
other distracting objects. There are no explicit social cues and participants therefore
need to learn how to distinguish between different affordances for interaction so as to
disambiguate when haptic feedback is in fact mediated social touch. To test the
feasibility of this experimental approach, we conducted a small pilot study consisting of
seven schizophrenia patients paired with control participants. Both participant groups
were able to solve the task, and preliminary findings are largely consistent with the
literature on perceptual crossing. We propose hypotheses for future work with this
paradigm in the context of social psychiatry, bringing to the fore the possible role of
error and uncertainty in social interaction dynamics
Timing parameters for extinction in immersive VR: implications for personalized exposure therapy
No full textBackground
Extinction-based exposure is effective but relapse remains common, partly because timing recruits distinct defensive (≤ 400 ms) and expectancy (≥ 1000 ms) systems. Immersive Virtual-Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) allows precise timing control, yet it is unclear whether timing effects observed in VR can inform personalized exposure.
Methods
Eighty‑one healthy adults completed acquisition and returned 24 hours later for extinction in a head‑mounted immersive VR paradigm. We manipulated CS–probe lead intervals (100, 200, 1000, 4000 ms) and predictability (predictable vs. unpredictable) during acquisition; extinction used the same leads without shocks. Eyeblink startle (EMG) from a final sample of N = 81 acquisition and N = 67 extinction files was analyzed using linear mixed‑effects models to test timing × predictability × phase interactions. Exploratory segmented fits probed nonlinearity. Post hoc, we used nested cross‑validated elastic‑net and a shallow decision tree to derive interpretable rules; clinical utility was assessed via decision‑curve analysis using out‑of‑fold predictions. Sensitivity analyses varied outcome scale, random‑effects structure, inclusion of 100‑ms trials, and phase completeness.
Results
In the predictable group, CS+ > CS− discrimination was present at 1000 ms (estimate = 0.212, Holm‑adjusted p = .0057) and 4000 ms (estimate = 1.227, p < .0001), but not at 100 or 200 ms. Cross‑phase extinction (former_CS+ vs. acquisition CS+) showed maximal reductions at 4000 ms (EXT − ACQ ≈ −196.24 arbitrary units; Holm‑adjusted p < .0001), with earlier leads non‑significant. In the unpredictable group, phase‑related attenuation was prominent at 200 ms and minimal at ≥ 1000 ms, consistent with non‑associative effects. Exploratory fits suggested a breakpoint below 1000 ms (≈ 300–400 ms), with sensitivity estimates spanning 500–1800 ms. A simple scorecard combining long‑lead discrimination, habituation slope, and short‑lead reactivity stratified extinction outcomes.
Conclusions
Immersive VR reproduces the dual‑window timing signature of fear learning. Extinction benefits from probe placement in expectancy‑supported windows (≥ ~1000 ms), whereas early windows remain relatively resistant. An interpretable rule that combines long‑lead discrimination, baseline habituation, and short‑lead reactivity offers a prototype for timing‑personalized exposure therapy
A guide to advanced MRI processing for clinical glioma research
No full textBackground
To date, multiple advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods beyond conventional qualitative structural imaging for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment follow-up of glioma have demonstrated their utility for clinical studies. However, these methods often rely on complex off-scanner processing to yield the most information and to extract quantitative biomarkers, limiting their practical use for studies, as well as their clinical translation.
While community-driven software solutions exist for these advanced MRI methods, many aspiring clinical researchers face challenges in acquiring the necessary knowledge to effectively apply these tools. This guide, an initiative of the Glioma MR imaging 2.0 network (GliMR), aims to provide an overview of existing solutions, communities, and repositories with the ultimate goal of enabling standardization, open science, and reproducible quantitative imaging studies of gliomas. Yet, most of the reviewed tools and approaches to image data analyses may also be used in the context of studies on diseases other than glioma.
Content
This guide summarizes the state-of-the-art processing software solutions and the repositories/communities for the following advanced MRI methods: DSC; DCE; ASL; diffusion MRI; relaxometry; MRF; MRS; CEST; SWI; QSM; MRE; and task-based and resting-state fMRI. For each of those, after a short introduction about the method and output parameters, the required and recommended image processing steps and quality control measures are described, and we point to further literature for more details. In addition, an overview of openly available software tools that provide these functionalities for MRI processing and exemplify workflows is given. Wherever possible, the readers are guided toward existing inventories, repositories, and communities, which offer not only a collection of these tools, but also more in-depth guidance. Each part concludes with an appraisal of the estimated required expertise and future development needs.
Conclusion
This guide provides an extensive overview of the currently available processing tools that can help aspiring clinical researchers to obtain high-quality reproducible imaging data from advanced MRI scans of gliomas. While GliMR n is focused on glioma research, this guide will also be helpful for other clinical neuroimaging topics as general processing steps may not be specific to glioma only
Investigation of the Relationship Between Live Dietary Microbe Intake and Health Outcomes, Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
No full textThis research project seeks to illuminate the relationship between live microbe consumption from fermented foods and overall systemic health within the Korean population. Despite growing evidence that such dietary habits, replete with live bacteria from products like yogurt and kimchi, confer significant health advantages—ranging from enhanced digestive health and nutrient absorption to bolstered immune responses and potential mitigation of chronic disease risks—there remains a lack of clarity regarding the variability in live microbe content across different fermented foods and its health impacts in relation to individual differences, including age, gender, health status, and diet.
To address this gap, our study has been strategically designed with four principal objectives: Firstly, to measure the live microbe intake from various foods in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which has not been previously quantified. Secondly, to identify which foods are the primary sources of live microbes in the diet. Thirdly, we plan to leverage KNHANES data to assess potential correlations between live microbe ingestion and systemic health markers, such as Body Mass Index (BMI), blood lipid levels, Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Framingham 10-year cardiovascular risk scores, and self-reported cardiovascular disease (CVD) diagnoses. Lastly, the project will examine the nuances of live microbe consumption across different demographics and dietary habits, delineated by factors such as gender, age, and the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) scores
