Jurnal STAI Al-Hamidiyah
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After Action Reviews
No full textReports from each of our "T-minus" tabletop exercises are available here
The effect of moral valence on causal judgment (Study 3)
No full textThe influence of moral valence on causal judgment refers to a judgmental asymmetry observed in (fictitious) jurors when assessing the primary cause of an incident (i.e., causal selection), depending on their evaluation (positive, negative) of the agent involved (i.e., for the same act, a negatively evaluated agent is then more likely to be considered the main cause of the event, relative to a positively evaluated agent). The effect of moral valence on causal judgment has been replicated in a large number of studies (e.g., Alicke, 1992; Alicke et al., 2008; Alicke et al., 2011; Lagnado & Channon, 2008; Rogers et al., 2019). Goulette and Verkampt's (2023) study replicated this effect for situations where the link between the agent and the harm is strong, but also for situations where the link is weak. This held true when the causal judgment task was closed and focused on the agent. In addition, several studies have reported that the perceived causality attributed to an agent may be influenced by evaluation of the moral character of the victim (Alicke et al., 2008; Dyer et al., 2022; Kanekar et Vaz, 1988; Steffensmeier & Demuth, 2006). Numerous studies have linked the effect of blaming a victim to the belief in a just word (Gravelin et al., 2019). However, no study has examined the association between belief in a just word theory (BJW) and causal judgment by manipulating the moral character of both the agent and victim in ambiguous causal situations.
The purpose of the present project is to examine the effect of moral valence by measuring the level of belief in a just world of participants through a study manipulating agent's motivations (blameworthy, laudable), causal link (deviant causal link, preempted causal link) and victim moral character (pleasant, unpleasant)
Development and validation of an instrument to measure physical activity and sedentary behavior indicators among primary healthcare’s users in Brazil - QuestAF-APS
No full textIn recent years, efforts have been made to implement information management that assists municipalities and health services in effectively managing Health Care services, including the primary level. Thus, the Health Information for Primary Care – SISAB serves as a pivotal component within the framework, advocating for individualized recording and monitoring of health information of citizens who attend public health services, such as Primary Health Care Units. It facilitates a comprehensive understanding of patient needs, strengthens professional practice, and enhances team action planning within the territory and at Health Care. This system has had relevant improvements in the last few years, however, there remains a need to prioritize some aspects within the National Health Promotion Policy, such as including PA and SB indicators in the health information system also to meet service demands. Thus, the QuestAF-APS (Questionário de Atividade Física para usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde) will be designed to meet the demands of primary health care in Brazil
Lifestyle discrimination
No full textPierre Bourdieu’s theory of misrecognition assumes the existence of a widely shared cultural hierarchy in peoples’ consciousness that ascribes status to cultural activities. With this hierarchy in mind, individuals' engaging in high-status cultural activities are erroneously associated with favorable economic, cultural, and social qualities. Via this process of status attribution, cultural capital functions as a tradable currency for economic and social advantages. This project expands upon existing empirical research on the misrecognition model by using experiments to causally identify the cultural hierarchy and demonstrate its impact on status attribution at the micro-level
A new standard model of cosmology: Time-varying fundamental constants and the evolution of the universe
No full textA new theoretical framework is presented to explain the evolution of the universe based on the time-varying properties of the fundamental constants. A static universe with time-varying constants can explain the origin of the cosmic microwave background radiation, CMB anisotropies, the CMB cold spot, the observed redshift-distance modulus data, the origin and composition of dark matter in the universe, galaxy cluster mass estimates, Milky Way galaxy luminosity estimates, population II stellar properties, vacuum-photon interactions, energy cycling between matter, radiation and vacuum field components, time-varying Higgs mechanism and particle mass, and the observed matter-antimatter dichotomy. This is a complete theoretical framework that explains the observable universe and resolves many of the issues with modern-day cosmology
Paths toward well-being: An action-research for promoting quality of life in a multidimensional perspective
No full textThe action-research project involves Sardinia and Sicily and will be carried out on three contexts: schools, universities and workplaces. Each local unit will focus its intervention on a specific target. Specifically, local unit of the University of Cagliari: focus on the schools; local unit of the Kore University of Enna: focus on the organizations; local unit of the University of Sassari: focus on university.
Aims of the project: a) extend the Italian validation of the Well-being Profile (WB-Pro): at the present, a first validation study on an Italian sample is to be published, but it is necessary to extend the administration to a larger and more heterogenous sample; b) create and test some trainings to develop and enhance the dimensions of subjective well-being, evaluated by the WB-Pro and the impact on others significant variables (performance, engagement, domain-specific self-efficacy, etc.). The most significant dimensions, highlighted by the statistical analysis conducted on the first validation study are: optimism, competence, self-esteem, engagement, meaning, positive emotions. The WB-Pro will be administered before and after the trainings, involving 100 participants for the experimental group and 100 participants for the control group for each local unit/target. The trainings will be aimed at improving the dimensions indicated above. The trainings will include group and individual sessions and each training will consist of approximately 6 to 8 one-hour training sessions. We will conduct a literature review of existing training to enhance well-being and its dimensions, particularly those associated to the main facets measured with the WB-Pro. Data derived from the monitoring of the training will be analyzed and a survey to detect the impact of training on variables related to well-being will be created.
The project is founds by Next Generation EU fund of European Union and the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR; PRIN: Research Projects of Relevant Nazional Interest - Call 2022 PNRR Prot. P2022BZNKM)
Social bonding through shared experiences: the role of emotional intensity
No full textSharing emotions with other individuals is a widespread phenomenon. Previous research proposed that experiencing intense and similar emotions with other individuals reinforces social bonds. However, several aspects of this phenomenon remain unclear, notably whether social bonding requires the convergence and synchronization of emotions in the group, and whether these effects generalize across positively valenced and negatively valenced emotional contexts. To address these questions, we measured subjective emotional experiences, physiological activity (cardiac, respiratory, electrodermal) and social attitudes in dyads of unacquainted individuals who watched videos in the presence of each other. We manipulated the emotional content of the videos and the type of shared attention between participants, to test for the contribution of interpersonal influence. The results revealed that intense emotions indexed by physiological arousal were associated with the emergence of reciprocal prosocial attitudes within dyads, and that this effect depended on joint attention. We did not observe the convergence and synchronization of emotions within dyads, which suggests that experiencing similar emotions was not necessary for social bonding. We discuss implications of this study for research on collective effervescence and the social consequences of shared experiences
Data, Materials, and Syntax for "Wealthier People Emphasize Passion More in Career Decisions, Compounding Socioeconomic Privilege in Arts-Related Fields"
No full textCognitive control is task specific: Further evidence against the idea of domain-general conflict adaptation
No full textAdaptive control refers to flexible adjustments in control settings in response to conflicting situations. There has been a long-standing debate as to whether this adaptation relies on a domain-general or domain-specific process. Recent models predict a U-shaped relation where only highly similar or highly dissimilar tasks show adaptation across tasks, because only those tasks can be represented or activated in parallel. While there has been an abundance of evidence for adaptation within and across highly similar tasks, only some recent studies have reported adaptation across highly dissimilar tasks, with some failures to replicate. In order to further investigate this, we interleaved two very different conflict tasks, a manual multi-source interference task and a vocal picture-word interference task. We ran this experiment in Dutch (Experiment 1) and Mandarin (Experiment 2). Across the two experiments, results show no cross-task conflict adaptation. These results do not fit with suggestion of domain-general adaptive processes nor with the hypothesis of a U-shaped model. Instead, our results are most compatible with a task-specific view on the mechanisms behind adaptive control