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Mineral profiling of Turkish wheat genetic resources unveiled their conserved potential for biofortification in combating hidden hunger
No full textMicronutrient deficiencies, also known as hidden hunger, pose a threat to the global population alongside food scarcity. Wheat is a staple food for a huge population and available commercial cultivars generally lack sufficient mineral contents. Crop wild relatives harbor novel variation crucial for crop improvement programs including biofortification. The southeastern region of T & uuml;rkiye is blessed with diverse wheat germplasm. This study aimed to explore the mineral content diversity in different wheat species germplasm; i.e., Triticum boeoticum, T. dicoccoides, T. durum, and T. aestivum. Various mineral elements; i.e., Zn, Fe, K, P, S, Mg, Ca, and Mn were investigated in the grains of 192 genotypes. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed highly significant genotypic effects of all traits in T. boeoticum, T. dicoccoides, and T. durum. The highest seed Zn concentration (77.8 mg kg-1) was found in T. boeoticum genotype-36 and the lowest (24.9 mg kg-1) was recorded in genotype T. aestivum genotype-4. A total of 16 genotypes belonging to T. dicoccoides had > 50 mg kg-1 grain Zn content and can be a potential source for developing Zn-enriched durum wheat cultivars. Maximum Fe content (109 mg kg-1) was found in T. dicoccoides genotype-11, while minimum (29 mg kg-1) was recorded in T. durum genotype-55. Zinc and Fe contents in T. boeoticum and T. dicoccoides genotypes were found more than twice as reported previously with T. durum and bread wheat germplasm. Grain Zn contents showed a highly significant and positive correlation with the various studied traits. Principal components analysis (PCA) and biplot confirmed that first two principal components accounted for a total of 79.14% variation. The present investigation confirmed that available bread wheat's genetic resources have low genetic diversity and its wild relatives conserve unexplored variation that can be helpful for wheat biofortification.Biological Breeding-Major Projects [2023ZD04025]; BAP (Bilimsel Arastirma Projeleri) section of Mardin Artuklu University [MAU-BAP-16-KMYO-09]The authors are thankful to the Biological Breeding-Major Projects (2023ZD04025) and BAP (Bilimsel Arastirma Projeleri) section of Mardin Artuklu University for providing funding under the project No: MAU-BAP-16-KMYO-09 to complete this study
The effect of the addition of H2, H2+HHO and H2+HHO+O2 from the intake manifold on exhaust emissions in a diesel generator using diesel/ toluene/diethyl ether as pilot fuel
No full textThis study aimed to change the ignition delay time by adding toluene and diethyl ether to diesel fuel and to improve the exhaust emission (CO, CO2, HC, smoke, and NOx) values by adding H2, H2+HHO and H2+HHO + O2 gases added from the intake manifold. For this purpose, a mixing chamber has been added in front of the intake manifold. HHO is pro-duced from a hydrogen generator, and H2 and O2 gas supplied from a tube is supplied to the engine running on liquid fuel. H2, HHO and O2 gases were added from the intake manifold to the engine using di ethyl ether and toluene, which were added to the diesel fuel at a rate of 5% and 10% by volume. Under these conditions, the engine was started at an engine speed of 3000 rpm at engine loads of 1000 W, 2000 W and 3000 W. The results showed that all exhaust emission values decreased with adding toluene and diethyl ether to diesel fuel, and the tendency to decrease continued even more with the addition of H2, H2+HHO and H2+HHO + O2. It has been found that among all fuel mixtures, H2+ HHO + O2 gas Decoupled fuel mixtures are effective in obtaining the best results in terms of exhaust emissions. In this case, with the addition of O2, combustion efficiency increased and emissions decreased. (c) 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
The Effect of Linear Discriminant Analysis and Quantum Feature Maps on QSVM Performance for Obesity Diagnosis
No full textObesity, characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat, is a significant health issue that predisposes individuals to numerous diseases. Therefore, early intervention and necessary measures in the diagnosis and treatment of obesity are of great importance. In medicine, classical machine learning algorithms are widely used to accelerate the prediction process. However, the increasing volume of data often renders these algorithms insufficient for accurate disease diagnosis. At this point, quantum computing-based algorithms offer more efficient and faster solutions by leveraging quantum physics, which operates contrary to the principles of classical physics. Dimensionality reduction techniques play a critical role in both classical and quantum classifiers. In this study, classical dimensionality reduction methods, namely Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), were applied to an obesity dataset. The dataset was subsequently analyzed using Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. As part of the QSVM studies, three different quantum feature maps, which facilitate the quantum bit transformation of classical bit data, were also compared. The analysis revealed that the proposed LDA-QSVM method achieved 100% accuracy when used with the Z and Pauli X feature maps. This remarkable success, which is rarely seen in the literature on obesity data, underscores the potential of quantum-based algorithms in the diagnosis and treatment of obesity
Acetone O-(2-naphthylsulfonyl) oxime alleviates the toxic effects of cadmium in maize seedlings by increasing the phenolic substance content and antioxidant system activity
No full textThe absorption of cadmium by plants largely depends on cadmium contamination in the soil. The development of phytomining and phytoremediation methods to clean cadmium-contaminated ecosystems is an urgent issue that needs to be solved. Therefore, the role of exogenous O-(2-naphthylsulfonyl)oxime (ANSO) to maize seedlings under cadmium stress was tested. The results showed that when ANSO+cadmium application was compared to cadmium, the cadmium content increased by 7.8 times, while the abscisic acid content decreased. Under cadmium stress, ANSO application did not change the relative water content, but increased the chlorophyll content. While carotenoid content increased with cadmium application, it increased further with ANSO+cadmium application. As a result of the positive effects of ANSO application on the antioxidant system under cadmium stress, hydrogen peroxide content, lipid peroxidation and proline content decreased. ANSO application under cadmium stress increased the phenolic substance content. This study shows that exogenous ANSO makes significant contributions to the protection of maize seedlings despite being under cadmium stress. It also provides important references to the fact that despite stress, the cadmium chelation mechanisms of seedlings continue to work actively to accumulate cadmium in tissues, and it has deep implications for the remediation of cadmium-polluted soils.Thanks to PhD Adem KORKMAZ, who synthesized the ANSO compound, PhD Mehmet DEMRALAY for the measurement of the cadmium content, and Sakarya Maize Research Institute, Turkey, that supplied the maize seeds, cultivar ADA-523
Investigation of phenolic contents and in vitro biological activities of Inula helenium subsp . pseudohelenium extracts
No full textThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity, and biological activity of Inula helenium subsp. pseudohelenium extracts, for the fi rst time. Phenolic substances in leaf ethanol (L-EtOH), leaf pure water (L-PW), root ethanol (R-EtOH), and root pure water (R-PW) extracts of I. helenium subsp. pseudohelenium plant were investigated by HPLC. Also, the antimicrobial (hollow agar), antioxidant, antiproliferative, and DNA protective activities of the samples were examined in vitro . Gallic acid was not detected in the extracts, the presence of curcumin was detected only in EtOH extracts. L-EtOH exhibited the best antimicrobial activity. According to the antioxidant results, the L-EtOH extract had an activity pro fi le close to the standard antioxidants in general. It was also found that the L-EtOH extract stabilised the DNA by disrupting the scavenging effect of H 2 O 2 + DMSO. According to the antiproliferative activity results, EtOH extracts exhibited the strongest effect, especially against MCF7 cancer cell lines. When evaluated in general terms, it was found that L-EtOH extract showed better activity than other extracts. It is important to conduct more in vivo and in vitro studies after isolating the active components of extracts e.g. L-EtOH, which have good effects in terms of biological activity
Effect of log Kow on the degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds in a heterogeneous catalytic persulfate activation system
No full textIn heterogeneous catalytic advanced oxidation processes (HC-AOP), enhancing the reaction rate is the biggest challenge. To enhance the reaction rate, it is necessary to increase the mass transfer rate of reactants toward the catalyst surface and the number of active sites that will provide better contact with the reactants and higher mass transfer. The hydrophobicity of the reactant is an important parameter that affects the transport of molecules toward solid surfaces. In this study, the effect of log Kow, an indicator of hydrophobicity, on enhancing the catalytic activity in persulfate (PS) activation for pharmaceutic compounds (PCs) degradation was investigated. For this purpose, some PCs with different log Kow were selected and their adsorption and degradation behaviors were investigated depending on the PS concentration, catalyst dosage, contact time, pH, and temperature in HC-AOP. Adsorption percentages increased significantly with increasing log Kow value. PCs with higher log Kow were completely degraded at the end of the shorter contact times in the presence of lower catalyst and PS. PCs were significantly degraded by the triple catalytic effect of AC, Fe, and temperature. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model was the best fit for the degradation reaction for all PCs. The higher apparent rate constants and lower activation energy values of the PCs belonging to high log Kow confirmed that log Kow is an effective parameter in enhancing the catalytic activity.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [117Y300]This work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [grand number: 117Y300]
Preservice primary school teachers' journey to drama in Türkiye
No full textThis case study examined the drama education received by preservice primary school teachers in terms of both theoretical and practical aspects. The sample consisted of seventeen preservice primary school teachers (thirteen women and four men) from the Department of Classroom Education of the Faculty of Education of a public university in T & uuml;rkiye. Data were collected using drama lesson plans, practice lesson diaries, semi-structured interview questions and metaphors. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis. The results showed that participants held misconceptions regarding drama lesson methods and techniques in their lesson plans. Participants had difficulty managing their classrooms while implementing their plans and they did not fully understand dramatization. Moreover, their classrooms were too crowded for drama activities. Participants stated that drama made the lessons more fun. They noted that drama helped them develop creativity and interact with their classmates. They also added that drama made them feel free. They regarded drama as a method or technique that could be used in any course. Researchers should conduct further qualitative basis for needs analysis for its use in education
Being positive in the present moment: Mindfulness meditation for reducing anxiety in foreign language classes
No full text[No abstract available
Trends, Opportunities, and Pipelining in Preschool STEM Education: A Scoping Review
No full textThis study was planned with the aim of conducting a comprehensive literature analysis of preschool STEM education research and evaluating future opportunities. Scoping Review was conducted by analyzing 29 articles in journals published by Springer, Taylor & Francis, Elsevier, and SAGE, which were obtained using combinations of the keywords “STEM,” “STEM education,” “kindergarten,” and “preschool.” The results show that the literature on STEM research in preschool, which has largely developed in the United States, has grown in recent years, forming a relatively new and expanding field. It is concluded that preschool STEM education research promises to be a popular field in the future. Studies in which different STEM activities were carried out were identified along with the examinations. In these studies, activities focus on games, teacher roles, or program and model development. For such activities, factors such as the role of sample groups in the process and their impact on the process should be determined. In other words, there is a need for studies focusing on the evaluation dimension of STEM education in preschool education
Investigation of Financial Literacy Attitudes of University Students in Terms of Some Demographic Characteristics: The Example of Mus Alparslan University Social Sciences Vocational School
Get PDFFinancial literacy enables effective planning of the financial future by accurately analyzing the current financial situation. In our country, which has a young population, high financial literacy levels of university students will contribute to the country's economy. This study aims to determine the financial literacy knowledge levels of university students. In addition, it focuses on examining financial attitudes and behaviors, which are two important components of financial literacy, in terms of demographic characteristics. In addition, the results of the research aim to determine financial literacy training for college students and to develop strategies on the subject. The study consists of 280 university students from different departments of Muş Alparslan University Social Sciences Vocational School in the 2021-2022 academic year. According to the results of the study, it is seen that 41.8 %of university students have a low level of financial literacy, 43.6 % have a medium level of financial literacy, and 14.6 % have a high level of financial literacy. In addition, it is seen that there is a significant difference in the sub-dimensions of expenditure, attitude, perception, and the total score of financial literacy attitude and behavior according to financial literacy knowledge level. According to financial literacy attitude and behavior levels; A significant difference was found in the sub-dimension of expenditure according to gender and education, expenditure according to the time spent at the university, and perception according to attitude and working status. A correlation test was conducted to find the relationship between the age financial literacy attitude, and behavior levels of students. The results revealed a low-level negative significant relationship between the age of the students and the sub-dimensions of expenditure and perception