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Effect of pasture and feeding systems on hematological traits of ewes and lambs
Full text linkContext Sustainable livestock production depends on efficient pasture management and the continuous monitoring of the health of grazing animals. Objectives This study investigated the effects of pasture types and sheep production systems on the hematological traits of Karacabey Merino (German Mutton Merino x K & imath;v & imath;rc & imath;k) ewes and lambs grazing on different pasture types throughout the year and reared in a semi-intensive system (control group). Methods In this twenty-six-month study, the hematological characteristics of ewes and lambs grazing on natural pastures and in spring (triticale and oat grass pasture), summer (sorghum Sudangrass and wheat stubble pasture), and autumn (triticale and oat grass pasture) were compared with ewes and lambs reared in a semi-intensive system (no pasture for lambs). A total of 36 ewes (aged 3-4 and 65.2 +/- 0.55 kg) and 98 lambs were used. There were 12 ewes in total in each treatment group and four ewes in subgroups. Each subgroup in the pasture was separated by fences. The 12 ewes tagged in the control group were within the unit sheep flock. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of ewes and lambs at three to four-week intervals during live weight weighing using 3-4 mL edged tubes and transported in the cold chain to the laboratory for analysis. Results Pregnant ewes grazing on natural autumn pasture had significantly lower red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and platelet (PLT) counts (P < 0.05). Animals grazing on wheat stubble pasture exhibited higher hematological values compared to those grazing on Sorghum-Sudangrass pasture (P < 0.05). Lambs in the control group had lower hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HCT) levels during the post-weaning period than those in the pasture group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The hematological parameters of pregnant Karacabey Merino ewes grazing on natural pastures during the autumn season, as well as those of lambs raised in a semi-intensive system during the post-weaning period, should be carefully monitored. Additionally, appropriate feed supplementation, along with vitamin and mineral support, should be provided to maintain animal health and physiological balance.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye [214O233]This study was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (Project number: 214O233). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
The Effects of Neuroscience-Based Sensorimotor Exercise Training Using Laser Pointer in Elderly with Chronic Knee Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textObjectives Neuroscience-based sensorimotor exercise training using laser pointer (nbset) is a new aproach exercise training method. We aimed to investigate the effects of nbpet using laser pointer on different functional parameters. Methods In this randomized controlled study, we recruited 19 ( 14 females, 5 males) participants with chronic knee pain. Participants were divided into two groups (experimental (n=12), control (n=7)). Joint position errors were evaluated with the joint position error assessment method, range of motion with a goniometer, kinesiophobia with the Tampa kinesiophobia scale, pain with the McGill pain scale, quality of life with the Older People Quality of Life questionnaire (OPQoL-brief), and mobility with the time up and go test. Both groups were included in the exercise program with proprioceptive exercise training for 2 sessions per week for 6 weeks. In addition, the experimental group was trained with nbset using laser pointer at the same time. Results We found significant differences between groups in terms of joint position error (horizontal p=0.026 and global p=0.012), quality of life (p=0.022) and mobility (p=0.005) in favor of the experimental group. Although there were improvements in the groups in terms of range of motion (p=0.261), kinesiophobia (p=0.098) and pain (p=0.446) scores, there was no significant difference between the groups. Conclusions Nbset using laser pointer may reduce joint position error, improve quality of life and mobility in elderly with chronic knee pain. Long-term studies with large samples are needed to determine the effects on range of motion, kinesiophobia, and pain
Size effect on compressive strength and deformation of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel micropillars
No full textThe properties of additively manufactured (AM) 316L stainless steel (SS) have been investigated in compression using single crystal micropillars with diameters ranging from 800 to 4000 nm. The AM 316L SS sample was fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) and subsequently heat treated at 950 degrees C for 2 h followed by air cooling, to relieve residual stress. Micropillars were fabricated from grains of pre-selected orientation using gallium focused ion beam (Ga-FIB) in a helium ion microscope (HIM), enabling the determination of resolved shear stress (RSS) on [111] glide planes. The heat-treated AM 316L SS pillars exhibit a strong size effect with (RSS) increasing as the pillar size decreases, following a power-law relation with an exponent of-0.69. Deformation primarily occurred through the activation of the {111} slip system, as evidenced by sharply defined slip planes and multiple parallel slip bands observed post-compression. The size effect was compared with literature values for the austenite phase in dual-phase and austenitic stainless steels as well as pure Ni samples, which serve as references for single-element face-centered cubic (fcc) metals. This size exponent aligns closely with the empirical trend observed in fcc metals, suggesting that even after processing induced microstructural evolution, AM 316L SS retains the universal size dependent strengthening behavior characteristic of fcc materials. These findings emphasize the effect of additive manufacturing and subsequent thermal processing on microscale mechanical properties.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [221M005]U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-SC0023110]U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0023110] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)HY and BA were funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) under project grant no 221M005. AS and AB were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences Division of Materials Science and Engineering under award no. #DE-SC0023110. The authors thank to Quantum Metrology Laboratory at TUBITAK National Metrology Institute for access to Helium Ion Microscope to fabricate the micropillars
Bilim Şehitliği Üzerine Bir Deneme: Bruno ve Hypatia Örneği
Full text linkBilim şehidi nitelemesi on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ortalarından beri kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın konusu seküler bir alanı ifade eden bilim ile dinsellikle kayıtlı uzun bir geçmişe sahip olan şehitliğin bu bileşimini mümkün kılan koşulları ya da gerekçeleri irdelemektir. Bunun için öncelikle şehitliğin Antik Yunan, Roma ve Ortaçağ Hıristiyanlığı dönemlerindeki kullanımının ve son olarak “bilim şehidi” terkibine dönüşmesinin izi sürüldü. Şehitlik teriminin, tanıklık ve kahramanlık anlamlarını içerecek şekilde dini bir kullanıma kavuştuğu tespit edildi. Modern dönemdeki sekülerleşmeyle birlikte dini kurumların zayıflamasının da etkisiyle şehitlik terimi, yeni bilimi yüceltmeye çalışan ya da Kilise özelinde dinden nefret eden kimselerin kaleminde “bilim şehidi” şeklini aldı. Dikkat çeken ilk husus bilimin şehitlerinin olmasıdır. İkincisi ise, iddia edilen türden şehitlerin bulunmamasıdır. Bu çalışmada bilim şehidi üretimlerinin tamamen çarpıtmalarla yürütülen bir kurgu sürecine yaslandıkları tespit edildi. Bu iddia, bilim şehidi olarak gösterilen iki ünlü ismin (Hypatia ve Bruno) yaşam ve ölümlerinin incelenmesiyle açıklığa kavuşturuldu. Son olarak, keyfilik ve tutarsızlık barındıran bu kullanımın eleştirilmesi gerektiği ve bu sorumluluğun da öncelikle bilim camiasında olduğu vurgulandı
Development of Random Walks Strategy-Based Dandelion Optimizer and Its Application to Engineering Design Problems
Full text linkThe objective of this paper is to enhance the swarm-based metaheuristic dandelion optimizer (DO) algorithm by incorporating various strategies to address early convergence and mitigate the risk of becoming trapped in local optima. This integration is intended to yield optimal and favorable outcomes for real-world optimization problems. To achieve this objective, a novel hybrid algorithm called the random walks dandelion optimizer (RW-DO) was introduced. This new algorithm addresses the limitations of the dandelion optimizer DO when handling optimization problems by incorporating at random walks strategy. By leveraging the random walks strategy, the RW-DO algorithm addresses the issue of premature convergence. This strategy enhances the diversity of solutions, thereby preventing the DO algorithm from becoming trapped in the local optima during the exploitation phase. To assess its performance, the RW-DO algorithm was compared with alternative algorithms by using the CEC 2020 and CEC 2019 function sets. Across all the test sets, the RW-DO algorithm consistently generateds more advantageous solutions. For the CEC 2020 function set, the RW-DO algorithm demonstrated superior performance compared with the DO algorithm from 3% to 11% in 5-dimensional problems. In 30-dimensional problems, the RW-DO algorithm exhibited superior performance compared to the DO algorithm from 14% to 46%. For the CEC 2020 function set in 50-dimensional problems, the RW-DO algorithm demonstrated superior performance compared to the DO algorithm from 11% to 188%. In the CEC 2019 function set, this ratio ranges from 3% to 38%. In engineering problems, the RW-DO algorithm also achieved superiority over the DO algorithm from 2% to 3%. Statistical analyses were performed to validate the superiority of RW-DO. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test was used to select appropriate statistical tests for evaluating the performance of the algorithm based on the CEC 2020 and CEC 2019 function sets. Because the data set is not normally distributed, non-parametric tests such as the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov for two sample tests were employed. These tests confirm that RW-DO yields distinct and superior solutions compared with the different data sets. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the RW-DO algorithm in solving real-world problems was demonstrated through its application to six engineering design problems. The experimental results highlight its competency in comparison to other algorithms. Overall, this research demonstrates the enhanced capabilities of the RW-DO algorithm in optimizing complex problems and its competitiveness when pitted against alternative methods
Effect of eco-friendly fertilizers and edible coatings on fatty acids and phenolics in fresh-cut melon during cold storage
Full text linkThe demand for convenient and ready-to-eat food has increased, including fresh-cut fruit and vegetables. At the same time, people are also becoming more health-conscious and are aware of the positive impact of healthy food choices on their well-being. For this reason, it is important to deliver fruits and vegetables to people's tables using both environmentally and human-friendly practices, from cultivation to postharvest storage. In the current study, in order to support agricultural sustainability, humic acid, liquid vermicompost, and organomineral fertilizers that do not pose a risk to human health or the environment were used in melon. Furthermore, several edible coverings were applied to the fruit derived from the investigation postharvest to examine the impact of changes in phenolic and fatty acids in the fruit throughout storage. The nationally famous K & imath;rka & gbreve;a & ccedil; variety of melon was used as the plant material. After harvest, cubed melon slices were dipped into the previously prepared coating materials for 2 min. Following the dipping process, the coated slices were dried using a ventilator for 2 h at 5 degrees C. Coated fruit and untreated (control) fruit were placed in plastic containers (each package weighing 500 g) and stored at +5 degrees C and 90%-95% relative humidity for 12 days. Applying humic acid alone led to more accumulation of fatty acids and phenolics in the fruit compared to humic acid in combination with liquid vermicompost and organomineral fertilizer. Furthermore, regardless of preharvest fertilizer treatments, the content of fatty acids and phenolics in the freshcut melon were better retained in the samples treated with pectin and sodium alginate rather than in the other edible coating treatments. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) among the fertilizer treatments and edible coatings during storage. The tested fertilizers and edible coating treatments show high potential in production and could be particularly useful in agricultural and horticultural applications. These techniques can reduce food waste and improve agricultural sustainability
Flavonols as potent inhibitors of tyrosinase & pancreatic lipase: synthesis, docking, MD simulation, DFT, and ADMET
No full textAimsTyrosinase and pancreatic lipase are key enzymes involved in melanin biosynthesis and lipid metabolism, respectively. Their inhibition offers therapeutic potential in treating hyperpigmentation and obesity. This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate a series of flavonols (1-10) as potential dual enzyme inhibitors.Materials and MethodsTen flavonol derivatives were synthesized and structurally confirmed using spectroscopic techniques. Their inhibitory activities against tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase were assessed through in vitro enzyme assays. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to explore binding modes and the stability of enzyme-ligand interactions. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to examine electronic features influencing binding affinity. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) analysis was used to predict pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness.ResultsThe compounds exhibited variable inhibitory activity, with several showing significant dual inhibition. Docking and MD studies revealed stable binding within active sites, highlighting key interactions. DFT results supported structure-activity relationships by correlating electronic parameters with inhibitory potential. ADMET profiles were favorable for most derivatives.ConclusionsThis is the first study reporting pancreatic lipase inhibition by flavonols alongside their tyrosinase inhibitory potential. These flavonols emerge as promising dual-action candidates for developing treatments targeting obesity and hyperpigmentation.Umm Al-Qura University [25UQU4280406GSSR01]Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi ArabiaThe authors extend their appreciation to Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through grant number: 25UQU4280406GSSR01
Teachers opinions on the Turkish language and culture course conducted within the scope of online Turkish teaching
Full text linkBu çalışmanın amacı, çevrim içi yürütülen Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü derslerini veren öğretmenlerin ders ve süreç hakkındaki görüşlerini ele almak ve değerlendirmektir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması yöntemiyle yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubunu, kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen Amerika, Hollanda, İsveç, Finlandiya, Norveç, Danimarka ve Çin'de görev yapan toplam 32 Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan ve uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, çevrim içi Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü derslerinin yurt dışında yaşayan Türk çocuklarının ana dili becerilerinin geliştirilmesi, kültürel kimliklerinin pekiştirilmesi ve duygusal bağlarının güçlendirilmesi açısından önemli bir işleve sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Aynı zamanda, bu derslerin çevrim içi ortama taşınmasıyla birlikte çeşitli güçlüklerin de yaşandığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, bu derslerin daha etkili ve sürdürülebilir hâle gelebilmesi için öğretmen, öğrenci ve veli boyutunda çok yönlü desteklerin gerekliliği vurgulanmış ve ilgili alanlara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.The aim of this study is to examine and evaluate the opinions of teachers who conduct online Turkish Language and Turkish Culture courses. The study was carried out using the case study design, one of the qualitative research methods. The study group consisted of 32 Turkish Language and Turkish Culture teachers working in the United States, the Netherlands, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Denmark, and China, selected through the snowball sampling method. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher based on expert opinions. The obtained data were analyzed using content analysis. The findings of the study revealed that online Turkish Language and Turkish Culture courses play a significant role in developing the mother tongue skills of Turkish children living abroad, reinforcing their cultural identity, and strengthening their emotional bonds. It was also found that transferring these courses to an online environment has led to various challenges. The study emphasizes the need for multidimensional support at the teacher, student, and parent levels to ensure that these courses become more effective and sustainable, and it provides recommendations for the relevant areas
Pd(II)-Schiff base complexes containing hydroxyl group for Suzuki-Miyaura and Mizoroki-Heck cross-coupling reactions in aqueous system
No full textL1-Pd(II) and L2-Pd(II) complexes, where L1: (E)-methyl 6-benzyl-2-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylate, L2: (E)-methyl 6-benzyl-2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzylideneamino)4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylate, have demonstrated high catalytic activity in SuzukiMiyaura (SM) and Mizoroki-Heck C-C cross-coupling reactions. Notably, aryl bromides bearing both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents were effectively employed under the optimized conditions. The reaction parameters, including substrate-to-base ratio, temperature, solvent, catalyst loading, and the steric and electronic effects of phenylboronic acid and aryl bromides, were thoroughly investigated. Optimal conditions for enhanced catalytic performance were established. The geometries of both Pd(II) complexes were elucidated using a combination of 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and microanalysis. Among the two, the L1-Pd(II) complex exhibited superior performance, particularly in SM cross-coupling reactions. Under optimized conditions, this catalyst enabled the coupling of aryl bromides using K2CO3 as the base, with a low catalyst loading of 0.01 mol%, in an EtOH/H2O (1:3) solvent mixture at 80 degrees C over 2 h, achieving up to 100 % yield.Mus Alparslan University (BAP) [BAP-22-SHMYO-4902-01]The authors extend their appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Mus , Alparslan University (BAP Project number: BAP-22-SHMYO-4902-01)
Trend Analizi ile Yagis Tahmini için Istatistiksel Yöntemler
Full text linkThis study investigates the condensation of water vapor in the atmosphere, precipitating to the ground in either solid or liquid form. This meteorological variable exhibits temporal and spatial variations influenced by climate change and other factors. To better analyze the effects of climate change on precipitation, the Konya Closed Basin was selected as the research area. Key parameters and datasets critical for various sectors and activities—from hydraulic structure design to irrigation planning—were identified. Seasonal and annual precipitation trend analyses were conducted for the provinces of Aksaray, Ankara, Isparta, Mersin, and Nevsehir using statistical methods, including the Mann-Kendall test, Spearman’s Rho, and the Innovative Sen Test, with the aid of XLSTAT software. The results revealed negative precipitation trends in Aksaray, Ankara, and Nevsehir, while positive trends were observed in Isparta and Mersin. Additionally, complementary data were collected from the Mus Meteorology Provincial Directorate to support the findings.Bu çalismada atmosferdeki su buharinin yogunlasmasi ve daha sonra kati veya sivi formda yere çökmesi arastirilmistir. Bu meteorolojik degisken, iklim degisikligi ve diger faktörlerden etkilenen zamansal ve mekansal degisimler göstermektedir. Iklim degisikliginin yagis üzerindeki etkilerini daha iyi analiz edebilmek için Konya Kapali Havzasi arastirma alani olarak seçilmistir. Hidrolik yapi tasarimindan sulama planlamasina kadar çesitli sektörler ve faaliyetler için kritik öneme sahip anahtar parametreler ve veri kümeleri belirlenmistir. Mann-Kendall testi, Spearman’s Rho ve Yenilikçi Sen Testi gibi istatistiksel yöntemler kullanilarak Aksaray, Ankara, Isparta, Mersin ve Nevsehir illeri için mevsimsel ve yillik yagis egilimi analizleri XLSTAT yaziliminin yardimiyla gerçeklestirilmistir. Sonuçlar Aksaray, Ankara ve Nevsehir’de olumsuz yagis egilimleri ortaya koyarken, Isparta ve Mersin’de olumlu egilimler gözlenmistir. Ayrica bulgulari desteklemek için Mus Meteoroloji Il Müdürlügü’nden tamamlayici veriler toplanmistir