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The Effect of Local Melatonin Application on Bone Fracture Healing in Rat Tibias
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: This study aimed to histologically evaluate the effects of local melatonin application at different doses on bone fracture healing. Materials and Methods: Thirty rats were divided into three groups, with ten rats in each group. In the control group (n = 10), a fracture line was created in the tibial bones, and fracture osteosynthesis was performed without any additional procedure. In the local melatonin dose 1 (MLT D-1) group (n = 10), a fracture line was created in the tibial bones, and 1.2 mg of lyophilized powder melatonin was applied locally before fracture osteosynthesis. In the local melatonin dose 2 (MLT D-2) group (n = 10), a fracture line was created in the tibial bones, and 3 mg of lyophilized powder melatonin was applied locally before fracture osteosynthesis. After a 12-week healing period, all subjects were sacrificed, and tibial bones were collected for histomorphometric analysis. Results: The percentage of bone formation was significantly higher in the MLT D-1 and MLT D-2 groups than in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the MLT D-1 and MLT D-2 groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, the study demonstrated that local melatonin application supports bone fracture by increasing bone formation, although different doses of melatonin did not lead to significant variations in fracture healing
The psychological effects of earthquakes on preschool children: Evidence from drawings and narratives
No full textThis study investigates the emotional and cognitive effects of earthquakes on preschool children based on the pictures they draw and the stories they tell. Focusing on the aftermath of one of the most devastating natural disasters in recent history, the 2023 Kahramanmaras, earthquakes in Turkey, this study aims to understand how major disasters affect young minds. Using a case study approach, the earthquake drawings of 112 preschool children from disaster-affected areas are analysed to examine the children's perceptions, fears, hopes, and resilience in the face of disaster. The findings show that preschool children express their earthquake-related experiences and emotions through specific themes, colours, and facial expressions in their drawings. Predominantly using dark colours such as black, the children depicted themes of damage and destruction, reflecting their awareness of the physical and social effects of the earthquakes. Sad or expressionless faces were commonly depicted, suggesting negative emotional reactions and potential trauma experienced by the children. These findings highlight the importance of meeting young children's emotional needs following traumatic events and the value of drawing as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool
Effect of frequency-dependent test length on prediction performance in monthly/quarterly time series analysis
No full textWhile time series analysis is of great importance in predicting the future based on past and present data, it also has a great importance in improving the performance of models used in the same process. In this study, the effect of the test data length selected depending on the frequency length on the performance was investigated by using seven monthly and four quarterly datasets accessed as open-source. The research question investigated in this article is that whether and how the selection frequency-based test length for forecasting time series data, such as monthly or quarterly, are superior to the traditional selection. While statistical-based models such as autoregressive integrated moving average (AUTO.ARIMA), HOLT-WINTERS, Seasonal and trend decomposing time losess (STLF), theta method forecast (THETAF), and exponential smoothing state-space model with Box-Cox (TBATS) were used for time series forecasting analysis, on the other hand, deep learning models such as neural network autoregression (NNTAR), multiplayer perceptrons (MLP) and extreme learning machine (ELM) were used. In addition, the evaluation of forecasting performance relies on widely recognized metrics such as mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The empirical studies conducted and reported in this article show that test data length selected as frequency multiples for monthly and quarterly time series has a positive effect on performance in forecasting analysis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V
Ethical Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Educational Leadership: Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis
No full textThe incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational management offers personalized learning, adaptive tutoring, and efficient resource management. However, ethical considerations such as fairness, transparency, accountability, and privacy are crucial. This paper reviews literature and conducts a bibliometric analysis on ethical AI in educational leadership, analyzing publications from Web of Science and Scopus. The findings highlight key themes and research gaps, emphasizing the need for ethical guidelines and further research to ensure AI benefits equity, access, and student welfare. This study informs stakeholders about the current status of ethical AI in educational leadership, guiding future responsible AI practices
Nonlinear normalized fractional electroosmotic spacelike fluid model
No full textIn this paper, we present optical recursively fractional SKμ−electroosmotic fractional recursivelySKμ−energy. Also, we have spacelike microfluidicsfractional SKμ− electroosmotic recursively tension energy. Moreover, we construct main Katugampola recursive-normal hyperbolic fractional KFα−tension field in hyperbolic space. Finally, we characterize spacelike radiative recursively fractional SKμ− phase in hyperbolic space. © 2025 The AuthorsUPAR, (12S122); United Arab Emirates University, UAEU, (12R283
Artificial Afterimage Algorithm: A New Bio-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm and Its Clustering Application
Get PDFMetaheuristic methods are optimization methods that look for different ways to converge to a solution to a problem where it is difficult to find a solution analytically. Their difference from known optimization methods is that they imitate living things or systems in nature. Each metaheuristic method has its equations, and the solution is found using these equations. In this study, a new, metaheuristic method called the afterimage algorithm is proposed. The proposed method was developed inspired by the fact that when we close our eyes after looking at a luminous image for a while, the vision still occurs in our minds. This is called an afterimage. The proposed method first pre-processes with the operator called afterimage and calculates the best and worst solution values. The visual angle value is then calculated, and new solutions are produced around this value. Three different datasets were used in experimental studies on data clustering. Accuracies of 96.66% for the iris plant dataset, 92% for the Wisconsin breast cancer dataset, and 95% for the occupancy detection dataset were obtained
Cytotoxic and apoptotic potentials of four native apricot varieties from Malatya, Turkey: A comprehensive evaluation
No full textIn recent years, the role of functional foods in addressing various health issues, including cancer, has gained significant attention. Among these, the cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of Malatya apricots hold particular interest for their potential therapeutic benefits. This study focused on exploring the effects of methanol and acetone extracts from four popular Malatya apricot varieties-Hac & imath;halilo & gbreve;lu, Hasanbey, Kabaa & scedil;& imath;, and So & gbreve;anc & imath;-on cancer cell lines. The extracts were derived from apricots in their raw, ripe, and dried form, which can be consumed in three ways, and were tested for their cytotoxic and apoptotic activities against MCF-7 and Caco-2 cell lines using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, wound scratch, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining tests. Additionally, we assessed the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts. Our findings revealed that the acetone extracts of dried and raw Kabaa & scedil;& imath; apricots exhibited the lowest IC50 values against the MCF-7 cell line over 24 and 48 h, with values of 3.9 and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. Similarly, in the Caco-2 cell line, the dried Kabaa & scedil;& imath; apricot extracts showed the lowest IC(50)values of 3.59 and 1.95 mg/mL for the same time frames. In the wound scratch assay, utilizing apricot extracts at their lowest IC50 values revealed significant differences in cell migration inhibition between treated and control groups. For Caco-2 cells, the control group's wound closure was around 70%, whereas apricot extract treatment resulted in 10%-30% opening after 24 h, indicating a strong antiproliferative effect. Similarly, in MCF-7 cells, the control group showed approximately 80% wound closure, in contrast to the 0%-12% opening observed in cells treated with apricot extract, further emphasizing the extracts' potent inhibitory impact on cell proliferation. Additionally, morphological evidence of cell death and apoptosis was observed in the images obtained through the AO/EB staining method, conducted to showcase the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the apricot extract. Apricot extracts consistently demonstrated strong cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on both Caco-2 and MCF-7 cell lines, underscoring Malatya apricots' potential as a functional food component with promising therapeutic properties against cancer.Inonu University [2013-160]This work was supported by Inonu University with the Project Number 2013-160
The effects of smartphone addiction on postural awareness and habits, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain and sleep quality
No full textSmartphone addiction may cause postural problems pain, fat & imath;gue and sleep disturbance. We aimed to asses postural problems (postural habits and awareness, ergonomic awareness, positional awareness and awareness of factors disrupt posture, positional awareness), pain, fatigue and sleep problems in two separate smartphone user groups, one 'Addicted', the other 'Non-Addicted'according to smartphone addiction scale-short version. A sample of convenience (n = 329) was recruited from participants (age 20.73 +/- 2.133, 17.2% male). Postural problems, fatigue, pain and sleep quality were assessed with the postural habits and awareness scale, Chedlar Fatigue assessment scale, and Visual analogue scale, respectively. There was a significant difference between the groups in favour of the non-addicted group in postural habits (p = 0.0001), ergonomic awareness (p = 0.002), and recognition of factors that disrupt posture scores (p = 0.0001). Mental and physical fatigue levels were significantly higher in the addicted group (p = 0.0001). Shoulder (p = 0.032), neck (p = 0.005), and back pain (p = 0.047) were more severe in the addicted group. Sleep quality scores were significantly worse in the addicted group (p = 0.0001). Smartphone addiction may lead to a decline in posture, ergonomic awareness, and awareness of factors that can disturb posture. It can also increase levels of mental and physical fatigue, worsen pain severity, and reduce sleep quality
Türkçenin Çocuklara Yabancı Dil ve Ana Dili Olarak Öğretiminde Resimli Hikâye Kitapları: Benzerlikler ve Farklılıklar
Get PDFÇocukların ihtiyaçlarına ve ilgilerine uygun çocuk edebiyatı ürünleri ile meşgul olmalarını sağlayacak bir öğrenme ortamı oluşturmak hem ana dili hem de yabancı dil eğitiminde okuryazarlık becerilerini geliştirmelerine yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu sebeple resimli hikâye kitapları sınıf içi ve dışı ortamlarda sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Araştırmada çocuklara yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi için tasarlanan resimli hikâye kitapları ile özellikle yabancı dil öğretimi için tasarlanmamış ve hem ana dili hem de yabancı dil öğretiminde yardımcı materyaller olarak kullanılabilen resimli hikâye kitaplarını karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Türkiye Maarif Vakfı tarafından çocuklara yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi için hazırlanan Bir ilkbahar Günü (2022) ve Küçük Küçük Şapkalar (2022) ile otantik metin niteliği taşıyan Dönme Dolap (2020) ve Guzi Okula Gidiyor (2017) adlı resimli hikâye kitapları okumaya uygunluk, duygu ve deneyimleri harekete geçirme, çoklu okuryazarlıkları destekleme, çoğul kültürlü ortama katkı, etkileşimli okumaya uygunluk ve dikkat çekici unsurlar kullanma olmak üzere altı ana tema etrafında karşılaştırılıp analiz edilmiştir
0900 Ziraat Kiraz Çeşidinde Hasat Sonrası Salisilik Asit ve Kitosan Uygulamalarının Depolama Performansı ve Meyve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri
Get PDFKlimakterik olmayan ve bozulma hızı yüksek bir meyve olan kirazın (Prunus avium L), hasat sonrası uygun koşullarda, insan sağlığına ve çevreye zararlı olmayan uygulamalarla depolanması önem arz etmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada, hasat sonrası salisilik asit ve kitosan kaplama uygulamalarının 0900 ziraat kiraz çeşidinin soğukta muhafazası süresince kalite parametrelerinde meydana gelen bazı değişimler incelenmiştir. Meyveler 0 °C’de ve %90-95 bağıl nemde 20 gün süreyle soğukta depolanmıştır. Depolama süresince her 5 günde bir meyve örneklerinde; ağırlık kaybı, pH, suda çözünebilir kuru madde, titre edilebilir asit miktarı, toplam fenolik madde içeriği, antioksidan kapasitesi, antosiyanin ve PAL aktivitesi analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda uygulamalar arasındaki fark istatistiki olarak %5 düzeyinde anlamlı bulunmuş olup sonuçların ağırlık kaybında %0-3.4, pH’da 3.76-4.54, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarında (SÇKM) 16.46-17.84 °brix, titre edilebilir asit miktarında (TEA) %0.6-0.79, toplam fenolik madde içeriğinde 108.46-130.79 mg GAE 100 g-1, antioksidan kapasitesinde 32.41-44.25 mg TE g-1 FW, antosiyaninde 24.38-43.32 mg siyanidin 3-glukozit 100 g-1 ve PAL aktivitesinde 30.59-76.65 nmol sinnamik asit h-1 mg-1 protein aralığında değişkenlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yenilebilir kitosan kaplama uygulanan kiraz meyvelerinin 20 gün boyunca başarılı bir şekilde muhafaza edilebileceği gözlemlenmiştir