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q-Fibonacci statistical convergence
No full textIn this paper, we use the q-Fibonacci band matrix F q = ( F n k ( q ) ) to introduce the notions of q-Fibonacci summability, q-Fibonacci statistical convergence, strongly F q [ p ]-Ces & agrave;ro summability and give some inclusion relations about these concepts
Devletçi Ekonomi- Liberal Ekonomi Karşılaştırması: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Get PDFEkonomik sistem, ekonomik yapı, kurum ve uygulanan politikalar bağlamında daha çok uzun dönem için istenilen hedeflere ulaşmada kullanılabilecek yol, yöntem ve davranışların tümünü kapsayan bir kavram olarak kabul edilebilir. Ekonomik sistemler sadece ticari yönüyle değil aynı zamanda politik yönüyle de ele alınmaktadır. Dolayısıyla dünyada meydana gelen değişimlerle birlikte ülkelerin ekonomik sistemlerinde de değişim yaşanabilmektedir. Bazen bu değişim devletler açısından tercihten öte bir zorunluluk olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Türkiye’de kuruluş yıllarında Lozan Barış Antlaşması ve İzmir İktisat Kongresi’nde alınan kararlara bağlı olarak uygulanan liberal politikalar diğer sebeplerin yanı sıra özellikle 1929 Dünya Ekonomik Krizi nedeniyle sürdürülememiştir. Böylece 1929’dan itibaren devletçi ekonomi modeline geçilmiştir. Ancak İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın yaşandığı yıllarda ise 1939- 1945 arası savaş ekonomisi uygulanmıştır. Savaş sonrasında yani 1946 yılından itibaren çok partili sisteme geçiş ile birlikte bir yanda liberal ekonomi politikaları uygulanmaya çalışılırken diğer yanda Truman Doktrini, Marshall Planı ve Barker Raporu ile yeni bir ekonomik yapılanma gerçekleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Türkiye’de 1960 yılından itibaren “Karma Ekonomik Düzen” uygulanmış aynı zamanda Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı’nın kurulmasıyla planlı ekonomik döneme geçiş yapmıştır. Ancak 1970’li yılların sonunda dünyada etkisini hissettiren krizlere bağlı olarak Türkiye’de de ekonomik sistemde değişikliğe gidilmiştir. Bu değişiklikte kuşkusuz 24 Ocak 1980 yılında alınan kararların etkisi büyük olmuştur
Determination of stabilizer concentration and process effect on the stability of milk-based cocoa beverage
Get PDFIn the production of milk-based cocoa beverages, stability challenges such as sedimentation and creaming may arise due to the delicate balance of cocoa particles, proteins, and fat content, impacting the uniformity and texture of the final product. One of the most important hydrocolloids used to overcome these stabilization problems in milk-based products is kappa-carrageenan. In this study, the optimization process was carried out using central composite design by adding different proportions of kappa-carrageenan (0.01%-0.04%) and applying homogenization processes at different pressures (5-34 MPa) considering the norms of dairy industry. The effects of these independent variables on water-holding capacity (WHC), separation, creaming, pH, and viscosity values were investigated. Optimum sample (0.037% carrageenan and 19.38 MPa) had high WHC (97.26%), low viscosity (62.01 mPa s), and suitable separation and creaming values, indicating superior stability compared to market alternatives. The L*, a*, b* color values, particle size (Z-Ave), zeta-potential value, FTIR spectra, and microscope images were measured in the optimum samples and samples obtained from market. Image processing also highlighted that optimum sample had better stability than market samples considering entropy, variance, and homogeneity values. Additionally, this research presents an innovative approach by detailing the interactions between kappa-carrageenan and milk proteins, which are key to achieving the desired product stability. The fact that the levels of independent variables used in the study are appropriate for the industry will shed light on the studies to be carried out to produce products with the desired quality in the market.TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey)Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM)The authors express thanks to TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) for providing open-access publication fee. SEM-EDS analysis was performed by the Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM)
Synthesis of Dimethylamine-Pyridine-Based Schiff Base Complexes of Fe(Ii), Co(Ii) and Cu(Ii), Structural Elucidation: Investigation of Biological Activities
Get PDFBAP-22-SHMYO-4902-02This report aims to synthesize a new Schiff base ligand (L) and its Fe(II), Co(II), and Cu(II) metal complexes, analyze their structures, and evaluate their antioxidant activities. The Schiff base was prepared through a condensation reaction between 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde and 6-acetyl-2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxamide. Subsequently, complexes of the ligand with Fe(II), Co(II), and Cu(II) were designed and synthesized. The ligand and its metal complexes were characterized using a range of physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques, including elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, 1H and 13C NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis, mass spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on the analytical data, the proposed molecular formulas for the Fe(II), Co(II), and Cu(II) complexes are [LFe2(H2O)6Cl3]1.5H2O, [LCo2(H2O)2Cl3]1.5H2O, and [LCu2(H2O)2Cl3]3H2O, respectively. The ligand coordinates to the metal ions through the azomethine and amine nitrogen atoms, as well as the oxygen atoms of the carbonyl group. Magnetic susceptibility and electronic spectroscopy data indicated that the Fe(II) complex adopts an octahedral geometry, while the Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes display square-planar geometries. TGA results demonstrated that all complexes have greater thermal stability than the free Schiff base ligand. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the CUPRAC method for cupric ion reducing capacity, and the ABTS assay for overall antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant activities of these compounds were compared to those of standard antioxidants. The results indicated that both the ligand and its metal complexes exhibit significant antioxidant activities.Mus Alparslan Universit
Out-of-Anatolia: Cultural and genetic interactions during the Neolithic expansion in the Aegean
Get PDFWest Anatolia has been a crucial yet elusive element in the Neolithic expansion from the Fertile Crescent to Europe. In this work, we describe the changing genetic and cultural landscapes of early Holocene West Anatolia using 30 new paleogenomes. We show that Neolithization in West Anatolia was a multifaceted process, characterized by the assimilation of Neolithic practices by local foragers, the influx of eastern populations, and their admixture, with their descendants subsequently establishing Neolithic Southeast Europe. We then coanalyzed genetic and cultural similarities across early Holocene Anatolian and Aegean Neolithic villages using 58 material culture elements. Cultural distances among villages correlate with their spatial distances but not with their genetic distances after controlling for geography. This suggests that cultural change was often decoupled from genetically visible mobility.H2020 European Research Council Consolidator grant [772390]H2020-WIDESPREAD-05-2020 TWINNING grant [952317]Wenner-Gren Foundation Dissertation Fieldwork grant [9573]EMBO Scientific Exchange grant [8883]Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) project grant [PCEGP3_181251]VR Center of Excellence, the Center for the Human Past under the Swedish Research Council [2022-06620_VR]Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PCEGP3_181251] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)Swedish Research Council [2022-06620] Funding Source: Swedish Research CouncilThis work was supported by the H2020 European Research Council Consolidator grant (no.772390 NEOGENE to M.S.); the H2020-WIDESPREAD-05-2020 TWINNING grant (no. 952317 NEOMATRIX to M.S.); Wenner-Gren Foundation Dissertation Fieldwork grant (no.9573 to D.Ko.); EMBO Scientific Exchange grant (no.8883 to D.Ko.); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) project grant (no. PCEGP3_181251 to A.- S.M.); and VR Center of Excellence, the Center for the Human Past under the Swedish Research Council (no. 2022-06620_VR to M.S.). C.J.K.'s participation in this research benefited from the scientific framework of the University of Bordeaux's IdEx (Initiative d'Excellence) Investments for the Future program/GPR (Grands Programmes de Recherche), Human Past.Computations were performed on NEOGENE Clusters at Middle East Technical University
Role of the Probiotic Supplementation on Intestinal Inflammation and Structural Integrity in Wistar Rats Subjected to a Cafeteria Diet during Development
Get PDFProbiotics have gained significant interest in medical and veterinary sciences due to their potential to improve gastrointestinal health. This study investigates the protective role of probiotics on intestinal health in male Wistar rats exposed to a cafeteria diet during development. The experimental groups were divided into four: control, probiotics, cafeteria diet, and cafeteria diet with probiotics. Probiotics groups were administered daily at 1 x 108 CFU throughout the experiment. Ileum and colon tissues were analyzed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, histopathological analysis, and immunohistochemical staining. The cafeteria diet group showed altered lipid profiles, increased protein carbonylation (a marker of oxidative stress), and increased mast cell density, indicating increased intestinal inflammation. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced inflammation by reducing TNF-alpha (P <= 0.0001) and IL-1(3 (P <= 0.0001). These results suggest that probiotic supplementation during an unhealthy diet can mitigate adverse effects by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, probiotics could offer therapeutic potential in mitigating cafeteria diet-induced intestinal changes, serving as a promising dietary intervention during development to manage metabolic disorders in both humans and animals
Muş’ta “Çocuk Gelinler”: Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliği Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme
Get PDFÇocuk yaşta evlilik, genç kızların temel haklarına erişimini sınırlandıran ve yaşamları üzerinde olumsuz etkiler bırakan önemli bir toplumsal sorundur. Bu araştırma, Muş’ta ikamet eden ve 18 yaşından önce evlenen/evlendirilen 20 kadının bakış açısından erken yaşta evliliğin değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup, veriler erken yaşta evlenen/evlendirilen yetişkin kadınlarla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlemesinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen verilerin transkripti oluşturulduktan sonra veriler MAXQDA 2020 bilgisayar programına yüklenmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen veriler kod-kategori-tema üçlemesiyle sunulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre, kadınların erken yaşta evlenme/evlendirilme nedenleri arasında aşk, aile baskısı, zorunluluk, evde kalma korkusu ve başlık parası yer almaktadır. Kız çocuklarının evlilik yaşamları boyunca birçok sorunla karşılaştıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kadınların erken yaşta evliliği bir sorun olarak değerlendirdikleri ve kız çocuklarının erken yaşta evlendirilmesine karşı oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kadınların bu tutumu, erken yaşta evliliğe yönelik toplumsal farkındalığı artırabilir ve çocuk gelin uygulamalarının sona erdirilmesi için oluşturulacak olan sosyal politikalara önemli bir destek sağlayabilir
The Sheikh of Khalidiyyah-Husamiyyah, Muhammed Said Seyfeddîn's Work "Muhtasarü's-sülûk" in the Context of the Relationship Between the murshid and the murid
Get PDFMürsid-mürid iliskisi, tasavvufî terbiyenin temelini olusturan ve ahlâkî gelisimi destekleyen önemli bir bagdir. Bu iliski, mürsidin müridini Allah’a yaklastirma ve nefsini terbiye etme sorumluluguna dayanir. Naksibendiyye tarikatinin Hâlidiyye kolu, mürsid-mürid iliskisine yeni bir anlayis getirmis ve bu tutum Hüsâmiyye subesiyle genis bir alanda etkili olmustur. Bu minvalde Seyh Muhammed Said Seyfeddîn’in Muhtasarü's-Sülûk adli eseri, mürsidin, müridlerinin kalplerini temizleyip onlari güzel ahlâk ile süslemesi ve ayni zamanda seriat kurallarini ögretmesi gerektigini vurgular. Mürsidin, müridlerine sevgi ve sefkatle yaklasarak onlarin manevî gelisimlerini desteklemesi; müridlerin ise tam bir teslimiyetle zikir ve ibadetle mânevî olgunlasmalarini sürdürmeleri gerektigi ifade edilir. Bu çalisma, Muhtasarü's-Sülûk eseri üzerinden, Seyh Muhammed Said'in ve bagli oldugu Hüsâmiyye subesinin mürsid-mürid iliskisini incelemeyi ve bu konudaki görüslerini ortaya koymayi amaçlamaktadir.The relationship between the murshid and the mürid is the cornerstone of Sufi training and plays a key role in moral development. This relationship is based on the murshid’s responsibility to guide his mürid closer to God and purify his soul. The Khalidiyya branch of the Naqshbandi order offered a new approach to the murshid-mürid relationship, and this perspective became widely influential, particularly through the Husamiyya branch. In this context, Sheikh Muhammed Said Seyfeddin’s work Muhtasarü’s-Sülûk emphasizes that the murshid should purify the hearts of his mürids, adorn them with good character, and teach them the principles of sharia. It is stated that the murshid should approach his mürids with love and compassion, supporting their spiritual development, while the mürids must continue to foster their spiritual growth through complete submission, dhikr, and worship. This study aims to examine the murshid-mürid relationship of Sheikh Muhammed Said and the Husamiyya branch to which he belonged, by examining the work Muhtasarü’s-Sülûk, and to highlight his views on this subject
The Effect of Using Demineralized Whey Powder and Buttermilk Powder Instead of Skimmed Milk Powder on Physicochemical, Microbiological, and Biochemical Properties of Yogurt
Get PDFThis study aimed to increase the total solids amount of raw milk by adding demineralized whey powder (d-WP), buttermilk powder (BMP), and skimmed milk powder (SMP) thereby producing yogurt with improved physicochemical, microbiological, and biochemical properties. d-WP and BMP were mixed with SMP at seven different ratios to produce yogurt. The physicochemical, microbiological, and biochemical properties of the yogurt samples (A, B, C, D, E, F, G) were analyzed during the storage period (28 days). Sample B (3.0% SMP, 0.5% d-WP, 0.5% BMP) has the highest results for viscosity and water-holding capacity, while sample C (2.0% SMP, 1.0% d-WP, 1.0% BMP) has the lowest acidity and highest pH. The concentrations of orotic, hippuric, and propionic acids in yogurts were determined to be statistically significant (p< 0.01). All 20 amino acids were detected at different ratios in all yogurt samples. It was determined that G (2.0% SMP, 2.0% d-WP) had the highest total amino acid content and F (2.0% SMP, 2.0% BMP) had the lowest total amino acid content during the storage period. It was determined that acetaldehyde (21.53 +/- 2.27 mmol kg(-1)), which creates the typical aroma of yogurt, was produced more in sample D containing 1.0% SMP, 1.5% d-WP, 1.5% BMP. Using d-WP and BMP in appropriate combinations (0.5-1.5%) with SMP can produce a more functional yogurt with higher nutritional value, without causing any negative effects on the physicochemical, microbiological, and biochemical properties of yogurt.Atatuerk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [FDK-2021-8921]Financial support was provided by the Atatuerk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project No: FDK-2021-8921)
A Feminised Male Detective 'On the Go': Agatha Christie's The ABC Murders
No full textThis study explores the non-normative masculinity in Agatha Christie's The ABC Murders by examining one of the iconic detectives in literature, Hercule Poirot, through the lens of feminine masculinity, drawing on Jack Halberstam's theoretical framework. Renowned as the Queen of Crime, Christie is celebrated for her detective novels, yet very little scholarship has been done on her works due to its close affiliation to 'popular culture' and its classification as 'low literature'. This paper offers an original approach to the realm of detective fiction, particularly to the representation of the detective, Hercule Poirot, in that it adopts a Butlerian perspective, suggesting that gender is something one does, not something one becomes. It argues that Christie's portrayal of Poirot, a Belgian detective, blurs traditional gender binaries and challenges essentialist views of gendered behaviours of femininity and masculinity. Both Poirot as a detective, and, to some extent gender itself, are constructed identities. In this context, Poirot deviates from the masculine detective archetype established by his predecessors, such as C. Auguste Dupin and Sherlock Holmes. Instead, he embraces a dandified persona favouring intuition over scientific positivism, paying attention to his appearance, and lacking a heterosexual appetite. Christie's portrayal of Poirot as a feminised male detective not only subverts the androcentric norms of the detective genre but also broadens our understanding of masculinity beyond traditional, heteronormative and biologically male expectations. Through close reading and queer theoretical analysis, this paper reveals how Poirot's hybrid gender identity-neither fully masculine nor fully feminine-demonstrates gender's acquired nature rather than its innate quality, highlighting the amount of femaleness within him. This analysis underscores Christie's innovative contribution to the detective genre and her subtle critique of societal norms concerning gender and sexuality