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Predicting Mechanical Properties of FDM-Produced Parts Using Machine Learning Approaches
Get PDFAdditive manufacturing (AM), especially fused deposition modeling (FDM), has been widely used in industrial production processes in recent years. The mechanical properties of parts produced by FDM can be predicted through the correct selection of printing parameters. In this study, 25 machine learning (ML) algorithms were used to predict the mechanical properties (hardness, tensile strength, flexural strength, and surface roughness) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) samples fabricated by FDM. Experiments were conducted using three different layer thicknesses (100, 150, 200 mu m), infill densities (50%, 75%, 100%), and nozzle temperatures (220 degrees C, 230 degrees C, 240 degrees C). The effects of printing parameters on mechanical properties were investigated through analysis of variance (ANOVA). This analysis results indicated that infill density had the most significant effect on hardness (55.56%), tensile strength (80.02%), and flexural strength (77.13%). In addition, the layer thickness was identified as the most influential parameter on the surface roughness, with an effect of 70.89%. The prediction performance of the ML algorithms was evaluated based on the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error, mean squared error, and R-squared (R2) values. The KSTAR algorithm best predicted both hardness and surface roughness, with MAE values of 0.006 and 0.009, respectively, and an R2 value of up to 0.99. For the prediction of tensile and flexural strength, the MLP algorithm was determined to be the most successful method, achieving high accuracy (R2 > 0.99) for both properties. In addition, comparison graphs between the predicted and actual results showed high overall accuracy, with a particularly strong agreement for hardness, tensile strength, and surface roughness. The study identified the algorithms with the best prediction performance and provided recommendations for predicting the 3D printing process based on these findings
An analysis of relation between adaptive, egocentric and pathological forms of selfishness and two-factor environmental values model (2-MEV)
No full textIn this study, the environmental attitudes associated with different forms of selfishness, namely Adaptive, Egocentric, and Pathological personality traits, were examined. Specifically, the relationship of these traits with the two dimensions of the Environmental Values Model (2-MEV), which are preservation and utilization of the environment, was investigated. Data were collected from 716 undergraduate students for this purpose. After preliminary data checks, analyses were conducted. The analyses revealed a negative relationship between the preservation and utilization factors of the environment. The traits of Adaptive, Egocentric, and Pathological Selfishness showed significant correlations with both the preservation and utilization sub-dimensions. These traits were negatively correlated with the preservation sub-dimension and positively correlated with the utilization sub-dimension. In the structural equation model (SEM) analysis, the adaptive selfishness trait did not significantly predict either of the sub-dimensions. However, the egocentric and pathological selfishness traits negatively and significantly predicted the preservation sub-dimension and positively and significantly predicted the utilization sub-dimension
Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall design consisting of two stage stem using Rao1 algorithm
No full textPurposeThis study aims to optimize the design of reinforced concrete retaining walls to achieve the lowest possible cost while maintaining structural stability and compliance with standards.Design/methodology/approachThe Rao1 algorithm was employed to optimize the design, considering seven independent variables related to geometry and four variables related to the reinforcement ratio. Geotechnical and structural analyses were performed using the Coulomb theory for static loads and the Mononobe-Okabe theory for dynamic loads. Cost calculations included concrete volume and reinforcement quantities across varying horizontal and vertical acceleration coefficients in four scenarios.FindingsThe optimization process revealed that the Rao1 algorithm consistently identified design variables near the lower regulatory limits, achieving the same cost across all scenarios. The results demonstrate that the Rao1 algorithm is an effective tool for optimizing the design of self-supporting reinforced concrete retaining walls, ensuring both cost efficiency and compliance with structural requirements.Originality/valueIn this study, the aim was to achieve an optimal, cost-effective design for retaining walls composed of a two-stage stem structure. Unlike conventional designs that utilize single-tier retaining walls, this study emphasizes the use of a two-stage stem configuration. It was noted that the Rao1 algorithm has not been previously applied to two-stage stem retaining walls in the literature. By applying the Rao1 algorithm, it was observed that a design meeting both minimum cost and required criteria was successfully achieved. Therefore, it was concluded that the Rao1 algorithm could be a valuable tool for retaining wall design. This study differs from other works in the literature both in terms of the two-stage stem-retaining wall design and the algorithm used
Mineral profiling of Turkish wheat genetic resources unveiled their conserved potential for biofortification in combating hidden hunger
No full textMicronutrient deficiencies, also known as hidden hunger, pose a threat to the global population alongside food scarcity. Wheat is a staple food for a huge population and available commercial cultivars generally lack sufficient mineral contents. Crop wild relatives harbor novel variation crucial for crop improvement programs including biofortification. The southeastern region of Türkiye is blessed with diverse wheat germplasm. This study aimed to explore the mineral content diversity in different wheat species germplasm; i.e., Triticum boeoticum, T. dicoccoides, T. durum, and T. aestivum. Various mineral elements; i.e., Zn, Fe, K, P, S, Mg, Ca, and Mn were investigated in the grains of 192 genotypes. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed highly significant genotypic effects of all traits in T. boeoticum, T. dicoccoides, and T. durum. The highest seed Zn concentration (77.8 mg kg−1) was found in T. boeoticum genotype-36 and the lowest (24.9 mg kg−1) was recorded in genotype T. aestivum genotype-4. A total of 16 genotypes belonging to T. dicoccoides had > 50 mg kg−1 grain Zn content and can be a potential source for developing Zn-enriched durum wheat cultivars. Maximum Fe content (109 mg kg−1) was found in T. dicoccoides genotype-11, while minimum (29 mg kg−1) was recorded in T. durum genotype-55. Zinc and Fe contents in T. boeoticum and T. dicoccoides genotypes were found more than twice as reported previously with T. durum and bread wheat germplasm. Grain Zn contents showed a highly significant and positive correlation with the various studied traits. Principal components analysis (PCA) and biplot confirmed that first two principal components accounted for a total of 79.14% variation. The present investigation confirmed that available bread wheat's genetic resources have low genetic diversity and its wild relatives conserve unexplored variation that can be helpful for wheat biofortification. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Luminescent Sensing of 1,3,5-Trinitrotoluene Using a Schiff Base Ligand and Cd(II) Complex: Structural and Photophysical Investigations
Get PDFThe Schiff base (H2L) was synthesized by condensing 2-amino-6-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxamide with 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde in a 1:2 M ratio, yielding the product with high efficiency. This Schiff base then formed a coordination complex with Cd(II) in a 1:1 M ratio, resulting in the complex [H2LCd(H2O)2]1.5H2O. The synthesis and structural characterization of H2L and its Cd(II) complex were carried out using various techniques, including microanalysis (CHNS), FTIR, 1H and 13C-NMR, mass, UV-visible, magnetic susceptibility, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The spectral data suggested that the Cd(II) complex adopted an octahedral geometry. In addition to the structural studies, the fluorescence properties of H2L and its Cd(II) complex were investigated. Sensor properties of the Cd(II) complex for detecting nitroaromatic compounds were assessed using fluorescence spectroscopy. Both compounds exhibited high sensitivity for the detection of 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Specifically, H2L demonstrated a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.094 mu M in the linear range of 1-10 mu M. The fluorescence studies revealed that H2L and its Cd(II) complex displayed strong fluorescence emissions. Furthermore, the Schiff base was employed for detecting TNT through fluorescence quenching, showing excellent selectivity and sensitivity.Mus Alparslan University Scientific Research Project Unit [BAP-22-FEF-4902-08]This research was supported by the Mus Alparslan University Scientific Research Project Unit under project number BAP-22-FEF-4902-08
İş Sağlığı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeğinin Türkçe Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi
Get PDFAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı İş Sağlığı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlamaktır. Metod: Metodolojik olarak kesitsel nitelikte olan bu çalışma Ocak-Temmuz 2024 tarihleri arasında farklı sektörlerde çalışan 631 kişinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplamak için kişisel bilgi formu ve İş sağlığı okuryazarlığı ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliliği kapsam geçerliliği, yapı geçerliliği ve yakınsak-ıraksak geçerlilik ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçüm değişmezliğini belirlemek için cinsiyetler arasında çoklu gruplarda doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Güvenilirlik için cronbach alpha, düzeltilmiş madde toplam korelasyonu ve bileşik güvenilirlik analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Kapsam geçerlilik indeksi tüm maddelerde 0.78'in üzerinde olduğu bulunmuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi orijinal iki faktörlü yapıyı doğrulamıştır. Uyum iyiliği indeks değerleri kabul edilebilir ve mükemmel aralıkta bulunmuştur. Cinsiyetler arası ölçüm değişmezliği sonuçları tatmin edicidir. Ölçeğin cronbach alpha katsayısı 0.87 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: İş sağlığı okuryazarlığı ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olarak bulunmuştur
Mecazın Vaz‘îliği Problemi: Dil ve Fıkıh Usulü Açısından Bir İnceleme
Get PDFMecazın vaz‘îliği meselesi hem fıkıh usulü hem de dilbilim açısından önemli bir tartışma alanı olup, vaz‘ın mahiyeti ve anlam ile ilişkisi temelinde şekillenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, “mecaz, tıpkı hakikat gibi bir vaz‘ ile mi belirlenmiştir yoksa mecazın anlamı karîneler ve bağlamlar aracılığıyla mı tayin edilir?” sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Literatürde, mecaz ile ilgili çeşitli çalışmalar bulunmakla birlikte bu çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı mecazı, doğrudan vaz‘ bağlamında ele almaktan uzaktır. Bir başka ifadeyle mecazın vaz‘ perspektifiyle sistematik bir şekilde incelenmesine dair sınırlı bir literatür mevcuttur. Bu eksiklikten hareketle, bu çalışmada mecazın vaz‘ bağlamındaki konumu detaylı bir şekilde ele alınarak hem fıkıh usulü hem de dilbilim sahasına mütevazı bir katkı sunulması hedeflenmektedir. Çalışmanın yöntemi, klasik fıkıh usulü kaynaklarında vaz‘ ve mecaz ilişkisi ile ilgili görüşlerin tespit edilmesi ve bu görüşlerin karşılaştırmalı bir analize tabi tutulmasıdır. Ayrıca, usulcülerin mecazın hüküm istinbatındaki işlevine dair yaklaşımları değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, mecazın vaz‘ olgusuyla ilişkilendirilip ilişkilendirilemeyeceği konusunda iki temel görüş ortaya çıkmaktadır: 1. Mecazda vaz‘ bulunduğunu savunanlar, mecazî anlamların vaz‘ ile belirlendiğini ileri sürmektedir. 2. Mecazda vaz‘ bulunmadığını savunanlar ise mecazî anlamların karîneler yoluyla ortaya çıktığını iddia etmektedir. Netice itibariyle mecazın vaz‘ çerçevesinde ele alınması, İslam hukukunda lafız-mâna-hüküm ilişkisine dair tutarlı ve sistematik bir bakış açısı ortaya koymaktadır. Hususen, hüküm istinbat sürecinde bazı meseleler arasındaki öncelik-sonralık münasebetini izah etme noktasında sağlam bir zemin oluşturarak keyfî yorumların önlenmesine yardımcı bir unsur olmaktadır. Mecaz, her ne kadar vazedildiği mânanın haricinde kullanılan lafzı ifade etse de tercih ve teâruz hâllerinde öncelikli bir konuma sahip olabilmektedir. Bu önceliğin önemli sebeplerinden birisini de mecazın vaz‘ çerçevesinde mütalaa edilmesi olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu yönüyle çalışma, İslam hukukunda mecazın vâz‘ bağlamındaki mevkiini ve hüküm istinbat sürecindeki tesirini tebarüz ettirerek, literatürdeki nazarî bir boşluğu doldurmayı hedeflemektedir
Investigation of body awareness, perceived stress level, postural awareness and habits and musculoskeletal pain in people living with overweight and obesity: A comparative study
No full textBackground: Obesity is a major global health concern associated with physical and psychological risks. These factors may influence body awareness, stress, posture, and pain. This study aimed to examine body awareness, perceived stress level, postural awareness and habits, and musculoskeletal pain in people living with obesity (PLWO). Methods: This study was conducted with 397 participants aged 18-65 years, categorized into normal-weight (mean: 21.44 +/- 4.78 (N:130 ( %32.7)) overweight (mean: 27.44 +/- 1.37 (N:118 ( %29.72 and PLWO (mean: 33.99 +/- 3.47 (N:149 ( %37.53)) groups. Data were collected online using structured questionnaires. Body awareness was assessed with the Body Awareness Questionnaire, postural awareness with the Postural Habits and Awareness Scale, and stress levels with the Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, while pain and sleep quality were evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale. Group differences were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA. Hochberg's GT2 or Games-Howell tests were used for post hoc comparisons based on variance homogeneity. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Significant differences were found in body awareness scores among groups (F = 4.544, p = 0.011), with healthy-weight people scoring higher (87.05 +/- 17.22) than overweight (81.65 +/- 18.48) and PLWO (81.42 +/- 15.96). Perceived stress levels were significantly elevated in overweight (41.55 +/- 8.97) and PLWO group (44.44 +/- 7.65) compared to healthy-weight people (26.66 +/- 6.00) (p < 0.001). Musculoskeletal pain and sleep disturbances were also significantly more frequent in overweight and PLWO. Healthy-weight people demonstrated greater postural (11.70 +/- 1.71) and positional awareness (38.7 +/- 5.0), while PLWO scored higher in postural habits (15.77 +/- 3.07). Conclusion: People living with obesity showed impaired body and positional awareness alongside increased stress and maladaptive postural habits, which may contribute to functional limitations. Targeted interventions enhancing body awareness and stress management are therefore essential to address these deficits
Ortaokul 5. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Öyküleyici Metinlere Ait Etkinliklerin Çoklu Zekâ Kuramı Bakımından İncelenmesi
Get PDFBu çalışmada, ortaokul 5. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarında yer alan öyküleyici metinlere ait etkinliklerde, Gardner’ın Çoklu Zekâ Kuramı’nda belirtilen zekâ alanlarına ne ölçüde yer verildiğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından 2024-2025 eğitim öğretim yılı itibarıyla ortaokullarda okutulması planlanan tüm 5. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki öyküleyici metinlere ait etkinlikler; örneklemini ise 2024 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı kapsamında hazırlanan MEB Yayınları ortaokul 5. Sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki öyküleyici metinlere ait etkinlikler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş olup elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz tekniğiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, 5. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki öyküleyici metin etkinliklerinde en fazla dilsel zekâ ve matematiksel zekâ alanlarına yer verildiği; buna karşılık sosyal zekâ ve içsel zekâ alanlarının en az düzeyde temsil edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, müziksel zekâ ve doğasal zekâ alanlarına ise hiç yer verilmediği saptanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda, elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda eğitim-öğretim süreçlerine yönelik çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur
Piperidines as dual inhibitors of tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase: in vitro and in silico mechanistic insights
No full textAimsThis study aimed to explore the dual inhibitory potential of a series of piperidine derivatives against tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase. For the first time, these compounds were evaluated concurrently for their inhibitory effects on both enzymes, targeting potential therapeutic applications in hyperpigmentation and obesity-related disorders.Materials and methodsA total of eight piperidine-based compounds were synthesized and assessed for in vitro inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase. The most active derivatives underwent kinetic studies to determine the mode of inhibition using Lineweaver-Burk plots. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis was performed to identify key substituents influencing bioactivity. Furthermore, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to elucidate the binding interactions and electronic properties associated with inhibition.ResultsAmong the tested compounds, several exhibited significant dual inhibitory activity, with low micromolar IC50 values against both enzymes. Kinetic analysis revealed competitive inhibition for the lead compound. Docking and MD simulations confirmed stable binding within the active sites of both enzymes, supported by favorable DFT descriptors.ConclusionsThese findings reveal, for the first time, that piperidine derivatives possess promising dual inhibitory activity against tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase, supported by both experimental and computational evidence.Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University [RGP2/370/46]Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid UniversityThe authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Research Project under grant number RGP2/370/46