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Şeyh Muhammed Mazhar el-Ohînî’nin Mektûbât’ındaki Talâk Fetvalarının Fıkhî Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
Get PDFMuhammed Mazhar (Ayte) el-Ohînî (ö. 1989), Bitlis’teki Ohin (Koyunlu) medresesi ve dergahının önemli simalarından biridir. İlmî ve tasavvufî yönüyle şöhret bulmuş bir aileye mensuptur. Ömrünü tedris ve tebliğ faaliyetlerine adamış ve birçok talebe yetiştirmiştir. Başta Bitlis ve çevresi olmak üzere ülkemizin birçok bölgesinde görüşlerine değer verilmiştir. İslâmî ilimlerin birçok alanında eserler telif etmiştir. Bunlardan biri de kendisine ait mektupları ihtiva eden el-Mektûbâtü’l-Maẓhariyye adlı eseridir. Tasavvuf ve fıkıh ağırlıklı içeriğe sahip eserde yer alan mektuplar, yazıldığı dönemde olduğu gibi günümüzde de güncelliğini koruyan konuları ihtiva eder. Fıkhın çeşitli konularıyla ilgili mektuplar, bölgede yaşanmış güncel olaylara ve meselelere verdiği fetvalara dairdir. Dolayısıyla bu mektuplar yazıldığı dönemin ve bölgenin sosyal yaşamının izlerini de taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada eserdeki İslam boşama (talâk) hukukuyla alakalı fetvaları, Şâfiî fetvâ usulü ekseninde incelenmektedir. “Muhammed Mazhar Efendi’nin fetva verirken dikkat ettiği usul ve esaslar nelerdir?” sorusunun cevabının arandığı makalede onun fıkıh anlayışı ortaya konmaktadır. Çalışmada onun kısa biyografisine, eserin içerik tahliline, fetva vermede takip ettiği yöntemin faydalarına ve günümüze hitap eden yönlerine değinilmektedir. Çalışmada kaynak tarama ve tahlil yöntemlerinden faydalanılmaktadır
2-(N-Hexylcarbazole-3′-yl)-4-pyridinealdehyde: Cyanide Detection via Benzoin Condensation
Get PDFIn this research, 2-(N-hexylcarbazole-3 '-yl)-4-pyridinealdehyde (probe A) with a donor-pi-acceptor (D-pi-A) structure was tested as a new fluorescence sensor. The fluorescence sensor properties of probe A were investigated by using UV-Vis and PL spectrophotometers. The absorption spectrum of probe A did not show a significant change against analytes added to the solution. However, when the emission spectrum of probe A was examined, it gave two very low-intensity emissions at 400 nm and 540 nm. Probe A showed superior selectivity only for cyanide ions (CN-) with the limit of detection (LOD) of 1.42 nM in the presence of various competing analytes. This LOD value is the lowest value reported so far. For the first time, CN- sensing proceeds via benzoin condensation reaction. The stoichiometric ratio and detection mechanism between probe A and CN- were confirmed by Job's plot, HRMS, 1H-NMR, and FT-IR analyses. Probe A also worked successfully in the detection of CN-, which is a highly hazardous and toxic substance, including practical applications (three different real-world water samples). Therefore, probe A was introduced to the field as an effective and striking potential sensor candidate in water quality testing and disease diagnosis, etc
Erkeklerin Babalığa İlişkin Görüşleri
Get PDFBu araştırmanın amacı erkeklerin babalığı nasıl tanımladıklarını, babalığa dair görüşlerini etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğunu ve kendi babalık rollerine dair algılarını derinlemesine incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel yöntemlerden temel nitel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 0-6 yaşları arasında çocuğu olan 12 baba oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Babalarla yapılan görüşmeler çevrim içi ortamda gerçekleştirilmiş olup kayıt altına alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler tematik analizi sonucunda, babaların babalığa dair görüşleri üç ana tema altında toplanmıştır: babalığın sosyal-kültürel bağlamı, babalık ve aile yaşantısı, babalık ve toplumsal cinsiyet. Araştırmaya katılan babalar çocuk bakımında anne ve babanın görevlerinin ayrı olduğunu düşünerek çocuk bakımında cinsiyet faktörünü vurgulamışlardır. Babalık ve aile yaşantısına ilişkin baba çocuk ilişkisini, kendi babaları ile olan ilişkilerine değinerek ifade eden katılımcılar kendi babalarından gördükleri babalığı daha çok eski zamanlarda yaşanan maddi ve manevi sıkıntılara, örf ve adetlere, babalarının eğitim durumuna dayandırmışlardır. Katılımcılar, babalığa yönelik sorumluluklara ilişkin maddi ve manevi sorumluluklara dikkat çekmişlerdir. Ayrıca babalık kavramına ilişkin toplumsal cinsiyet kavramı çerçevesinde de çeşitli görüşler sunmuşlardır. Bu sonuçlardan hareketle babaların, çocuk gelişimine katkılarının önemini vurgulayan ve çocuk bakımında aktif rol almalarını teşvik eden eğitim programları düzenlenebilir. Babaların rol model aldıkları ya da reddettikleri babalık tarzlarını daha yakından inceleyen çalışmalara yer verilebilir
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Architecture: The Case Studies of Star Architects
No full textThis research examines the projects of star architects who develop architectural designs using artificial intelligence and the impact of this technology on changing the role of the star architect. In this context, Partners, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, Vincent Callebaut, Arup, MAD Architecture, and UN Studio-are analyzed to demonstrate how these architects integrate artificial intelligence into the creative process and how the traditional role of the architect has changed. The originality of the research lies in its focus on the relationship between artificial intelligence and the star architects standing at the intersection of architecture and technology. Star architects shape architecture with their productions and discourses. The study is based on qualitative analysis, and the documents and publications of the projects of star architects were evaluated by the content analysis method. Our findings indicate that artificial intelligence has expanded the architect's role in creative processes. With artificial intelligence, each star architect is rediscovering the boundaries of architecture and creating innovative and creative designs. Consequently, the study examines how artificial intelligence influences architectural practice by analyzing the works of renowned star architects
Bishop frames on dual bezier curves
No full textBu tez çalışmasında dual bezier eğrileri için verilen frenet çatı vektör alanları daha işlenebilir veri olarak ifade edilmiş ve bishop çatısı vektör alanlarıda dual bezier eğrisinin reel ve dual kısımlarına göre ifade edilerek bu değerlerin dual bezier eğrisinin başlangıç kontrol noktası cinsinden karşılıkları verilmiştir.In this thesis the Frenet field vector of the dual bezier curves are stated as the more processible data. In addition the Bishop field vectors of the dual bezier curves are expressed separately according to their real and dual parts. Finally these Bishop vectors and curvatures are stated by the control point
Mechanical behavior of composite pipe structures under compressive force and its prediction using different machine learning algorithms
No full textThanks to machine learning algorithms, the performance of composites with high energy absorption capacity can be predicted with high accuracy rates with a small number of data. The aim of this study is to experimentally and numerically determine the crushing performances of glass/epoxy composite pipe structures under compressive force and to predict their compression behavior with the help of different machine learning algorithms. In the study, the crushing performances of composite pipes (peak force (PF), peak force displacement (PFD), mean crushing force (MCF), specific energy absorption (SEA), and total inner energy (TIE)) were determined for different specimen thicknesses, specimen lengths, mesh sizes, numbers of integration points, diameters (D), and compression directions (axial and radial). Additionally, the maximum strength values of composite pipes under force were estimated with the help of Linear Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) machine learning algorithms. The data taken from the ANN algorithm were found to be more reliable in estimating the PF and TIE values, with an accuracy rate of 92 %. When determining the MCF value, it was found that the data obtained from the LR algorithm was more reliable than other algorithms, with an accuracy rate of 80 %. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Human-robot collaboration in surgery at the nexus of knowledge, agency, and ownership
No full textHuman-robot collaboration is transforming healthcare, particularly in surgical environments. Robotic surgery systems, embodied by advanced AI, are pivotal in augmenting human expertise across specialties such as gynecology and laparoscopic surgery. However, critical gaps remain in understanding how knowledge, agency, and ownership shape these collaborations. We address these gaps through semi-structured interviews with eleven healthcare professionals from diverse surgical roles. Our findings reveal that while robotic systems enhance precision and efficiency, they also generate tensions related to professional autonomy, control, and responsibility. Participants expressed ambivalent views, simultaneously demonstrating trust in the technology and strategic disengagement to preserve human authority. Concepts such as avatarization, the perception of robots as extensions of the self, and strategic ignorance emerged as key mechanisms through which professionals manage this evolving relationship. These dynamics point to the need for rethinking human-robot roles as fluid and co-constructed rather than fixed or hierarchical. We also emphasize the possible use of robotic systems to promote inclusivity and accessibility in healthcare while identifying structural barriers such as high costs, dependence on proprietary technology, and uneven organizational readiness. Our research enhances theoretical frameworks on human-robot interaction, providing practical and conceptual insights for the creation of equitable, sustainable, and context-sensitive robotic healthcare systems.Linnaeus UniversityThe authors thank all the participants for dedicating their interest and time. The interviews were lengthy, and no reimbursement was provided. The authors would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Kerem Senel of Istanbul-Cerrahpasa University for his support in the early phases of the research project
I have things to say: physical activity perception of individuals with intellectual disabilities
No full textUsing the socio-ecological model (SEM), this study aimed to understand the barriers and facilitators that shape the perceptions of physical activity (PA) participation of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) in different educational institutions. A case study design was used in the study. The participants consisted of thirty-two individuals with mild intellectual disabilities selected through convenience sampling from special education vocational schools that provide weekly PA training and special education and rehabilitation centers that do not provide PA training. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data collected through individual interviews. The results of the analyses using SEM as a theoretical framework showed that participation in PA is negatively affected by intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, environmental and policy factors. Facilitators at the intrinsic (motivating actions, behaviors and attitudes), interpersonal (family and social network support) and institutional (adequacy and availability of resources) levels were found to positively influence PA participation. While the presence or absence of PA in the educational institution did not affect the barriers and facilitators to PA participation, being female, having multiple siblings, social understanding and advancing age were more prominent in positively or negatively affecting PA participation. The results also showed that factors influencing PA participation can be both barriers and facilitators and are influenced by different levels of SEM, with possible interactions between these levels. Based on these findings, comprehensive strategies are needed to promote physical activity in individuals with ID, with a holistic approach that integrates the multiple influences of SEM to promote PA participation across the lifespan
Predicting Mechanical Properties of FDM-Produced Parts Using Machine Learning Approaches
Get PDFAdditive manufacturing (AM), especially fused deposition modeling (FDM), has been widely used in industrial production processes in recent years. The mechanical properties of parts produced by FDM can be predicted through the correct selection of printing parameters. In this study, 25 machine learning (ML) algorithms were used to predict the mechanical properties (hardness, tensile strength, flexural strength, and surface roughness) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) samples fabricated by FDM. Experiments were conducted using three different layer thicknesses (100, 150, 200 μm), infill densities (50%, 75%, 100%), and nozzle temperatures (220°C, 230°C, 240°C). The effects of printing parameters on mechanical properties were investigated through analysis of variance (ANOVA). This analysis results indicated that infill density had the most significant effect on hardness (55.56%), tensile strength (80.02%), and flexural strength (77.13%). In addition, the layer thickness was identified as the most influential parameter on the surface roughness, with an effect of 70.89%. The prediction performance of the ML algorithms was evaluated based on the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error, mean squared error, and R-squared (R2) values. The KSTAR algorithm best predicted both hardness and surface roughness, with MAE values of 0.006 and 0.009, respectively, and an R2 value of up to 0.99. For the prediction of tensile and flexural strength, the MLP algorithm was determined to be the most successful method, achieving high accuracy (R2 > 0.99) for both properties. In addition, comparison graphs between the predicted and actual results showed high overall accuracy, with a particularly strong agreement for hardness, tensile strength, and surface roughness. The study identified the algorithms with the best prediction performance and provided recommendations for predicting the 3D printing process based on these findings. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
An investigation of Fatih Erdoğan's children's novels in the context of reception aesthetics
No full textBu tezin amacı, Fatih Erdoğan'ın çocuk romanlarının alımlama estetiği bağlamında incelenmesidir. Alımlama estetiği, edebî metinlerin araştırılması ve yorumlanması noktasında yazar veya metin merkezli kuramların aksine okuru ön plana alan bir kuramdır. Alımlama sürecinde metin ve okur arasında yazarın dışında bir ilişki başladığı söylenebilir. Bu kurama göre eserin anlamı, okurun birikimi ve okuma alışkanlığına bağlı olarak kendisinde oluşan duygu ve düşünceler çerçevesinde oluşmaktadır. Eser, her yeni okurla hatta aynı okurla farklı zamanlarda alımlandıkça yeni anlamlar kazanır. Çocuk edebiyatının merkezinde çocuklar olduğu için onlara yönelik hazırlanan metinlerde okurun rolü ve metne dahil olma olanakları bu açıdan önem taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmada örneklem olarak seçilen Fatih Erdoğan'ın beş romanının çocuk okura yansımaları okur odaklı olarak ele alınıp değerlendirilmiştir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizine başvurulmuştur. İlgili alan yazını taranarak alımlama estetiği kuramında ön plana çıkan kavramlara ve başlıklara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın problem durumu doğrultusunda örnek eserler okunmuş ve elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Alımlama estetiğinin birer ölçüt olarak değerlendirilen kavramları çerçevesinde tespit edilen unsurlar yorumlanmış ve tartışılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre örnek eserler içerisinde alımlama estetiğinin izleri olduğu saptanmış ve çocuk okurlara göre yeni anlam katmanlarının oluşabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.The aim of this thesis is to discuss the theory of reception aesthetics, which puts the reader at the forefront in the research and interpretation of literary texts, as opposed to author or text-centered theories. It can be said that in the process of reception, a relationship begins between the text and the reader apart from the author. The meaning of the work is formed within the framework of the feelings and thoughts formed in the reader depending on his/her knowledge and reading habits. The work gains new meanings as it is received with each new reader or even with the same reader at different times. Based on this context, it is aimed to introduce the reflections of reception aesthetics, which is a reader-centered approach, in Fatih Erdoğan's children's novels by focusing on the text. The data obtained were created according to the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods. The data sources of the research are articles, master's theses, magazines and books. Literature review was used to collect the data. The collected data were analyzed by content analysis. In line with the analyzed data, the reflections of reception aesthetics with the passages identified in the text were interpreted and classified under headings. According to the findings, it was determined that there are traces of reception aesthetics in the works and that new layers of meaning can be formed with different theories and readings of a work