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Production of elicitor-induced phytochemicals in callus and shoot cultures of Hypericum heterophyllum
No full textIn the present study, it was objected to determine the rapid in vitro propagation of the endemic Hypericum heterophyllum, and the effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) applications on the production of bioactive compounds in tissue culture. Total phenolic (TP), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses were carried out in both in vivo plants and in vitro samples. Initially, seeds were objected to pre-treatment with 1.5 mg/L GA3 for 48 h, then surface-sterilized with 15 % NaOCl and germinated at Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium containing Gamborg's B5 vitamins without plant growth regulators. After germination, axillary buds were used as explant for callus and shoot regeneration. Full-strength LS medium with B5 vitamins, 0.5 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.5 mg/L indole butyric acid (IBA) gave the highest ratio (73.3 %) of green and fragile callus formation. On the other hand, the highest shoot regeneration (86.7 %) was obtained from LS/B5vit with 1 mg/L benzylaminopurine (BAP). Elongated shoots were rooted in a medium containing 1.5 mg/L IBA after 8 weeks and in vitro plantlets were obtained for elicitation. Then, calli and in vitro plantlets were exposed to 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/L ABA or SA elicitors in LS/B5 medium for 15 days, separately. Total phenolic content was higher in the in vivo plant leaves (77.6 mg GAE/g) than flower, stem and herb. In in vitro grown plantlets, the highest total phenolic content (37.04 mg GAE/g) was obtained from the control without ABA and SA application. On the other hand, 0.01 mg/L ABA application resulted in the highest total phenolic content (29.5 mg GAE/g) in callus cultures. The highest DPPH activity was achieved in vivo leaf (415.8 mg TEs/g extract), with 0.01 mg/L SA application in vitro plantlets (84.4 mg TEs/g extract) and with the use of 0.05 mg/L ABA in callus (136.3 mg TEs/g extract). In addition, chlorogenic acid, hyperoside, catechin, quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin were determined with HPLC analysis. The main compound was chlorogenic acid (5.8 mg/g DW) in vivo leaves, followed by hyperoside (3.2 mg/g DW) in the same plant part, and lastly, quercetin (0.58 mg/g DW) had the highest amount in herba. The value of hyperoside was 0.28 mg/g DW at 0.01 mg/L ABA in in vitro plantlets; meanwhile 0.01 mg/L SA application produced 0.49 mg/g DW in calli. With regard to quercetin, it had the highest value at 0.1 mg/L SA (0.29 mg/g DW) in calli, comperatively, 11.2-fold more than the control (0.026 mg/g DW) group. The catechin content varied within a very wide range, from 0.025 to 0.23 mg/catechin g DW in callus. Elicitation with 0.01 mg/L ABA significantly enhanced the production of quercetin, catechin and hyperoside in both in vitro plantlets and calli. (c) 2024 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Mus Alparslan University Scientific Research Coordination Unit, Mus, Turkey [18-FEF-4901-02]This research was financially supported by grants from the Mus Alparslan University Scientific Research Coordination Unit, 18-FEF-4901-02, Mus, Turkey
Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation, ADMET, and molecular docking studies of novel chalcone-sulfonate hybrid compounds as potential antioxidant and antiobesity activities
No full textA novel series of methoxy substituted chalcone-sulfonate hybrid compounds were synthesized and characterized with 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS spectra analyses. The novel methoxy substituted chalcone-sulfonate hybrid derivatives (4a-n) were examined for their in vitro and in silico pancreatic lipase inhibition activities to see the possible antiobesity features. Among the novel chalcone-sulfonate derivatives, the compounds 4d (0.352 + 0.09), 4h (0.382 + 0.12), and 4a (0.405+0.34) were observed to be the more effective pancreatic lipase inhibitor from their lower IC50 values. Also, FRAP, CUPRAC and ABTS in vitro methods were showed the moderate antioxidant activities of the related compounds. Compounds 4 g, 4f, and 4m demonstrated significantly greater radical scavenging antioxidant activity compared to the other compounds in the ABTS radical scavenging assay, while compound 4f exhibited superior performance in the CUPRAC assay, and compound 4j showed the most pronounced effect in the FRAP assay. Moreover, molecular docking interactions and physicochemical, biochemical, and drug similarity properties of the compounds were performed utilizing some computational programs. In silico studies showed efficient biochemical properties and molecular interaction energy affinities of the compounds 4a and 4d compare to the orlistat, an approved obesity drug. In conclusion, the novel chalconesulfonate hybrid compounds (4a-n) exhibited good antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory properties, thus the pharmacological potential of these compounds can be supported by further studies
Investigation and modeling of wastewater treatment, electricity generation and coulombic efficiency by new design nested cylindrical dual chamber microbial fuel cell
Get PDFMicrobial fuel cells (MFCs) have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their potential in the biological treatment of waste and wastewater, as well as in energy conversion technologies. In this study, a reactor was designed using polypropylene material. The design positioned the cathode chamber inside the anode chamber to reduce diffusion resistance by minimizing the distance between the two chambers. Additionally, composite anode/cathode electrodes were developed using PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). As a result of the study, values for maximum voltage, maximum power density, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal efficiency were determined. The coulombic efficiency was also calculated and found to be 11.49%. pH and temperature values were monitored and these parameters remained within a consistent range throughout the study. The findings showed that this reactor design achieved comparable electricity generation potential and effective COD removal efficiency. Finally, voltage and COD removal values were used in Dizayn Expert 7.0.0 (Stat-Ease Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) for full factorial experimental modeling to validate the experimental results. Overall, the study is expected to contribute significantly to the literature on reactor designs in microbial fuel cell research
Aralıklı Oruç ile Birlikte Genç Kan Plazma Uygulamasının Yaşlı Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Üzerindeki Etkileri
Get PDFYaşlanma süreci, bağırsak mikrobiyotasının disbiyozisine ve bu durumun çeşitli hastalıklarla ilişkilendirilmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu kontekste, aralıklı oruç ve genç kan plazması transfüzyonunun, senesans hücrelerinin yenilenmesi üzerindeki etkileri literatürde önem arz etmektedir. Mevcut çalışma, yaşlanma bağlamında bu iki müdahalenin bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerindeki kumulatif etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, 24 aylık erkek Sprague-Dawley ratlar üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, 30 günlük bir aralıklı oruç protokolü esnasında genç kan plazması transfüzyonunun mikrobiyota üzerindeki etkilerini incelemiştir. Dört farklı grup tanımlanmıştır: kontrol (Cnt, n=7), yalnızca aralıklı oruç tutanlar (Fst, n=7), sadece genç plazma transfüzyonu alanlar (Pls, n=7), ve hem aralıklı oruç tutan hem de genç plazma transfüzyonu alanlar (FstPls, n=7). Aralıklı oruç rejiminde, ratlara günde 18 saat boyunca yiyecek erişimi kısıtlanmış, ardından 6 saatlik bir beslenme penceresi tanımlanmıştır. Genç plazma transfüzyonu uygulanan gruplarda, her bir hayvana günlük 0,5 ml plazma verilmiştir. Metagenomik analiz sonuçları, Shannon ve Simpson alfa çeşitlilik indeksleri ile Firmikutes/Bakterioidetes oranında anlamlı gruplar arası farklılıklar ortaya koymuştur. Ancak, tür çeşitliliği açısından anlamlı bir artış gözlemlenmemiştir. Özellikle, genç plazma transfüzyonu sonrası F/B oranındaki düşüş, mikrobiyota yapısında olumlu bir yeniden düzenlenmeye işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, yaşlanan bağırsak mikrobiyotasının sağlığı üzerindeki müdahalelerin potansiyel etkilerini derinlemesine anlamak için önemli bir katkı sağlamakta olup, bu iki yaklaşımın zamanlamasının optimizasyonunun, sinerjik faydalar sunabileceğini öne sürmektedi
Taguchi-ANN Hybrid Approach for Evaluating Unsupported Overhang Structures in FDM-Printed Polymers
No full textFused deposition modeling (FDM) faces significant challenges in producing unsupported overhangs, particularly regarding dimensional accuracy and surface quality. While support structures can address these issues, they increase material waste and post-processing requirements. This study investigates how process parameters affect the quality of unsupported inclined surfaces in FDM printing, aiming to optimize fabrication without support structures. Test specimens with three surface inclination angles-75 degrees (Surface-1), 60 degrees (Surface-2), and 45 degrees (Surface-3)-were produced using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG). The study employed an L27 Taguchi orthogonal array to evaluate five key process parameters: material type (MT), infill pattern (IP), wall thickness (WT), infill density (ID), and layer thickness (LT). Dimensional deviations and surface roughness were measured across all angled regions. Dimensional deviations remained below 2.3% across all specimens. ANOVA revealed LT and MT as the most significant factors affecting both dimensional accuracy and surface roughness (p 500). Surface roughness improved with decreasing surface angles, while dimensional accuracy showed an inverse trend. Artificial neural network (ANN) models developed for predicting quality metrics achieved R-2 values exceeding 0.90. This study establishes a comprehensive framework integrating Taguchi design, statistical analysis, and machine learning (ML) for optimizing unsupported overhang fabrication in FDM. The findings reveal crucial relationships between process parameters and part quality, demonstrating that carefully controlled parameter selection can achieve acceptable quality without support structures. The developed predictive models offer a reliable tool for parameter optimization in FDM manufacturing of unsupported overhangs.Mus Alparslan University Technology Research and Project Coordination Unit [BAP-24-TBMYO-4901-03]This work was supported by the Mus Alparslan University Technology Research and Project Coordination Unit as a project numbered BAP-24-TBMYO-4901-03
Mössbauer spectroscopy, anti-tubercular activity, docking, and HSA binding studies of Fe (III) complexes of selenosemicarbazones
No full textReaction of cyclohexanone selenosemicarbazone (Hcysesc), 2-furfural selenosemicarbazone (2-Hfursesc), 1-methyl isatinselenosemicarbazone (1-Hmeistsesc), 3-indole selenosemicarbazone (3-Hinsesc), and 3-acetyl indole selenosemicarbazones with iron(III) acetate in 3: 1 (L: M) yielded complexes of stoichiometry, [Fe(L)3] (L = anionic form of cysesc 1; 2-fursesc 2; 5-ClHinsesc) 5, 1-meistsesc 6; 3-insesc 7; 3-acinsesc 8), whereas with 2-thiophene selenosemicarbazoe (2-Hthiosesc) and N-methyl-2-pyrrole selenosemicarbazone (N-Hmepysesc) formed complexes, [Fe(2-thiosesc)2](CH3COO) 3 and [Fe(N-mepysesc)2](CH3COO) 4, respectively. Complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, IR, and mass and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Isomer shift and quadrupole splitting of major species in 1, 2, 5–8 indicates high-spin Fe(III) in octahedral environment, whereas data supports coordination number four in 3 and 4. VSM analysis of complexes indicates that iron in these complexes is magnetically soft. All the complexes were tested for their anti-tubercular and antioxidant activities. The better ferric reducing antioxidant power of 3 (11.96 μg TE/mL) and 5 (16.56 μg TE/mL) can be correlated with the geometry or their coordination numbers. Results of anti-microbial activity showed a significant enhancement in the activity of 2, 4, 5, and 7 as compared to free ligands that are well supported by HSA binding studies and molecular modeling. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Çocuklar için Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması
Get PDFBu çalışmada Çocuklar için Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği’nin (ÇİPİÖ) Türkçe’ye uyarlamasının gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla ilk aşamada yapı geçerliliği ve içtutarlılık güvenirliğini test etmek için 343’ü kız, 383’ü erkek 729 ilkokul ve ortaokul öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Çocukların yaş ortalaması 10.1’dir (sd=1.16). İkinci aşamada ise ölçeğin test – tekrar test güvenirliğini test etmek için 32’si kız, 38’si erkek öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 70 öğrenciden veri toplanmıştır. Çocuklar için Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği’nin üç farklı formu için yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre en iyi uyum indekslerine altı maddelik formun sahip olduğu görülmüştür (χ2=13.63, sd=9, GFI=.99, CFI=.96, TLI=.94, SRMR=.027, RMSEA=.027). Ergenler İçin Kısa Okulda Öznel İyi Oluş Ölçeği ile yapılan benzer ölçekler geçerliği sonucunda her üç formun da pozitif ve düşük korelasyona sahip olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Her üç formun da iç tutarlılık kat sayıları .70’ın altında olmakla beraber test – tekrar korelasyonlarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular ve çocuklarda iyi oluşu ölçmek için bu bulguların doğurguları literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır
KOLEKTİF BELLEK VE METİNSEL TOPLUM PARADİGMALARININ ANLATISAL YANSIMASI: ANLATIŞ ROMANI
Get PDFUrsula K. Le Guin’in Anlatış (The Telling, 2000) adlı romanı, dil, kültür ve kolektif bellek arasındaki ilişkiyi sorgulayarak, otoriter ve baskıcı bir rejim altında kültürel anlatıların sistematik olarak yok edilmeye çalışılmasını ele alır. Maurice Halbwachs’ın kolektif bellek konusundaki teorik yaklaşımlarına dayanan bu çalışma, ileri teknolojiye sahip totaliter bir rejim tarafından geçmişe dair tüm anlatıların yok edilmesiyle ortaya çıkan bilim distopyasında bellek ve anlatı arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmeyi amaçlar. Ana karakter Sutty, kurgusal Aka gezegenindeki Okzat-Ozkat’ta yaptığı gizli araştırmalar neticesinde, anlatının sadece dilsel bir yapı olmadığını, aynı zamanda kültürel aktarımın ve kolektif belleğin temel unsuru olduğunu keşfeder. Bu bağlamda, çalışma, yazılı ve sözlü kültürün toplumsal kimliği ve kolektif belleği nasıl şekillendirdiğine odaklanırken, baskıcı rejimin belleği kontrol etme ve dönüştürme çabalarına rağmen anlatının ve metinsel söylemlerin bir direniş aracı olarak işlevselliğini inceler. Roger Chartier’in metinsel toplum (société textuelle) kavramına referansla, eserdeki toplum yapısı, metinlerin yazıldıkları toplumsal ve tarihi bağlamdan bağımsız olmadıklarını göstermekte ve bu nedenle metinlerin toplumsal yapıları ve pratikleri şekillendiren temel unsurlardan olduğunu öne çıkararak anlatıların kolektif bellek içinde korunduğunu örneklemektedir
Muhammad Ammara's view of Mu'tazilite
Get PDFMuhammed Ammara gerek yurt dışında gerek ülkemizde mezhepler tarihi ve kelam alanlarında yapılan akademik çalışmalarda referans gösterilen önemli bir alimdir. Bu çalışmada Mısırlı alim, mütefekkir Muhammed Ammara'nın (1350/1931-1441/2020) hayatı, fikir dünyası ve Mu'tezile ekolüne dair düşüncelerine yer verildi. Giriş ve iki bölümden oluşan bu tezin giriş bölümünde kullanılan yöntem ve yararlanılan kaynaklar hakkında bilgi verildi. Öncelikle, Ammara'nın kendi eserlerinden verileri derlendi ve kendi görüşleri temel alınarak güncel kaynakları da ele alındı. Birinci bölümde Ammara'nın hayatı, ilmî kişiliği, fikir dünyası, eserleri ve İslam mezhepleriyle ilgili genel görüşleri ele alındı. İkinci bölümde Ammara'nın uzun yıllar üzerinde çalışmalarda bulunduğu Mu'tezile'ye dair özgün görüşleri ve bu mezhebe dair yaptığı çıkarımlar ortaya konmaya çalışıldı. Onun Mu'tezile'ye tarihsel bir mezhep olarak bakmanın ötesinde Mu'tezile'nin İslam düşüncesine devam eden katkısı sebebi ile günümüz problemlerine ışık tutacak bir mezhep olarak değerlendirdiği gözlemlendi. Bu bağlamda Ammara'nın, Mu'tezile'yi teşekkül sürecinden itibaren kronolojik olarak analiz ettiği, Mu'tezile'yi inanç esasları olan (adalet, tevhid, va'd ve vaîd, el-menzile beyne'l-menzileteyn, el-emr bi'l-ma'rûf ve'n-nehy ani'l-münker) beş prensibi temele alarak değerlendirdiği, ayrıca Mu'tezile'nin bazı ilkelerini insanın özgürlüğü meselesi ve din-siyaset ilişkisi çerçevesinde tahlil ederek bir değerlendirmede bulunduğu gözlemlenmiştir.Muhammed Ammara is a prominent scholar frequently cited in academic studies on the history of Islamic sects and theology both in Türkiye and abroad. This thesis examines the life, intellectual framework, and views of the Egyptian scholar and thinker Muhammed Ammara (1350/1931–1441/2020) regarding the Mu'tazila school of thought. Comprising an introduction and two main chapters, the introductory section outlines the methodology employed and the sources consulted. Primarily, data were collected from Ammara's own works, and his views were analyzed in conjunction with contemporary scholarly literature. The first chapter discusses Ammara's biography, scholarly persona, intellectual orientation, major works, and general perspectives on Islamic sects. The second chapter focuses on Ammara's original interpretations and analyses concerning the Mu'tazila, a school on which he conducted extensive research for many years. It was observed that Ammara viewed the Mu'tazila not merely as a historical sect but as a tradition with enduring contributions to Islamic thought, capable of offering insights into contemporary issues. In this context, Ammara is noted to have analyzed the historical development of the Mu'tazila chronologically, structuring his evaluation around the school's five core theological principles—justice, divine unity (tawḥīd), promise and threat (al-waʿd wa'l-waʿīd), the intermediate position (al-manzila bayna'l-manzilatayn), and enjoining right and forbidding wrong (al-amr bi'l-maʿrūf wa'n-nahy ʿan al-munkar). Moreover, he interpreted certain principles of the Mu'tazila through the lenses of human freedom and the relationship between religion and politics
Comparison of high- and low-dose radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in carpal tunnel syndrome
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy administered at low vs. high pressures in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. METHODS: Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome were randomized into two groups: low-dose group and high-dose group. Each patient underwent a total of four sessions of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy, administered once a week. The radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy was delivered at 4.0 bars for the high-dose group and 1.5 bars for the low-dose group. Both groups received conventional physical therapy program consisting of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, paraffin wax, orthoses, and tendon gliding exercises, three times per week over a 4-week duration. Outcome measures included pain levels, hand grip strength, pinch strength, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire, and nerve conduction studies. RESULTS: Both groups exhibited improvements across all measures, except for the nerve conduction studies parameters. In the intragroup analysis, statistically significant differences were observed with small-to-moderate effect sizes for median motor distal latency, median sensory nerve conduction velocity, median sensory distal latency, and the Boston functional status subscale, all favoring the high-dose group (p<0.05). In the low-dose group, a statistically significant difference with a moderate effect size was noted solely for hand grip strength (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: High-dose radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy was significantly better than low-dose radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy with small-to-moderate effect sizes in the recovery of the function and nerve conduction studies parameters of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome