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The evaluation of potential triple enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activities of novel series 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenol sulfonate derivatives
No full textIn this study, fourteen novel 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenol sulfonate compounds (5a-n) were synthesized and characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS techniques. The biochemical and physicochemical properties of the sulfonate derivatives were also investigated. As a part of the study, in vitro and in silico enzyme inhibition activities of the sulfonate derivatives against acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and pancreatic lipase enzymes were evaluated. According to the obtained IC50 values, among the novel compounds (5a-n), compounds 5k (0.21 +/- 0.06 mM) and 5i (0.22 +/- 0.07 mM) were found to be the most effective acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, proving even more effective than the standard tacrine compound (0.34 +/- 0.08 mM). The tyrosinase inhibition effect of the compound 5i (0.23 +/- 0.07 mM) was found to be the most potent and close to the standard kojic acid (0.06 +/- 0.03 mM). Also, the compound 5g (0.21 +/- 0.13 mM) was found to be the most effective pancreatic lipase inhibitor, even more effective than the standard orlistat (0.26 +/- 0.08 mM). According to the molecular docking studies, the binding affinity of compound 5i was found to be - 6.7 kcal/mol for the tyrosinase, - 9.1 kcal/mol for the acetylcholinesterase, and - 9.9 kcal/mol for the pancreatic lipase. The antioxidant activities of novel compounds were found to be at moderate levels in FRAP, DPPH, CUPRAC, and ABTS methods. Compound 5i (IC50: 10.7 +/- 1.1 mM) and compound 5j (IC50: 10.9 +/- 1.1 mM) exhibited effective radical scavenging antioxidant properties in DPPH methods. Finally, physicochemical properties, drug similarity, and molecular docking studies were determined using Molinspiration, PreADMET, and AutoDock Vina computational programs. Remarkably, all of in vitro, in silico, and ADMET studies had good correlations with each other and showed moderate to good inhibition properties of the novel compounds against acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and pancreatic lipase enzymes.Mus Alparslan University Scientific Research Coordination Unit [BAP-22-SYO-4901-01]Mus Alparslan UniversityThis work was supported by Mus Alparslan University Scientific Research Coordination Unit (Project Number: BAP-22-SYO-4901-01). The authors would like to thank Mu & scedil; Alparslan University for supporting Fone
Unveiling genetic defense mechanisms: expression analysis of hym, AmNrx1, and CYP9Q3 genes in Varroa-resistant anatolian honey bees
No full textThe Varroa destructor represents a significant threat to honey bees, leading to substantial yield losses and declines in colony health. Defense behaviors, including grooming (auto and allogrooming), serve as crucial mechanisms against Varroa infestations, yet the genetic basis of these behaviors remains elusive. This study examines the expression levels of hymenoptaecin (hym), neurexin-1 (AmNrx1), and CYP9Q3, potentially associated with defense behavior, in colonies of the Mu & gbreve;la honey bee ecotype (Apis mellifera anatoliaca) subjected to a Varroa selection program. Worker bees from 23 control groups and 23 colonies under selection were evaluated by using qPCR analysis. Results reveal a significant upregulation of hym, AmNrx1, and CYP9Q3 genes in the selected group, with fold changes of 2.9, 2.95, and 3.26 respectively compared to controls (p < 0.01). This suggests that selection against Varroa induces alterations in gene expression linked to Varroa exposure behaviors. These findings advocate for the potential use of hym, AmNrx1, and CYP9Q3 genes in preselection for future Varroa-resistant programs in honey bees. Supported by previous studies, these genes may facilitate the establishment of populations with enhanced defense behaviors, such as autogrooming and allogrooming.Ministry of Agriculture, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies [TAGEM /15/AR-GE/ 19, TAGEM/HAYSUED/UE/18/A4/P5/330]We would like to express our gratitude to the Ministry of Agriculture, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies for the financial support provided to projects numbered TAGEM /15/AR-GE/ 19 and TAGEM/HAYSUED/UE/18/A4/P5/330. The part of study was presented at the APIMONDIA CONGRESS held between 24 and 28 August 2022. We also thank to Mugla Beekeeping Association
The relationship between body composition parameters, anaerobic power, and jumping performance in basketball players
Get PDFBackground and Study Aim Body composition, anaerobic power, and jumping performance are important factors for athletic performance. This study aimed to determine the relationship between body composition parameters and anaerobic power and jumping performance in basketball players. Material and Methods Twelve male university students specializing in basketball (age: 20.83 +/- 2.21 years) participated voluntarily in the study. Body composition measurements and Wingate anaerobic power and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests were applied to the participants. This study was designed as a cross-sectional correlational study. The SPSS package program was used for statistical analysis of the data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to assess the normality of the data. The data were found to follow a normal distribution. The Pearson correlation test was used to analyze relationships within the data. Results According to the correlation test results, significant positive relationships were found between fat-free proportion and CMJ, peak power, mean power, and minimum power, while a significant negative relationship was found with the fatigue index. Significant positive relationships were also found between muscle proportion and CMJ, peak power, mean power, and minimum power, whereas a significant negative relationship was observed with the fatigue index. Similarly, significant negative relationships were found between fat proportion and CMJ, peak power, mean power, and minimum power, while a significant positive relationship was observed with the fatigue index. Significant positive relationships were identified between fluid proportion and CMJ, peak power, mean power, and minimum power. Significant negative relationships were found between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and peak power and minimum power, whereas a significant positive relationship was observed with the fatigue index. Lastly, significant negative relationships were found between visceral fat proportion and peak power, mean power, and minimum power, while a significant positive relationship was observed with the fatigue index. Conclusions High fat mass negatively affects anaerobic power and jump performance, whereas higher muscle and fluid proportions improve performance. Strength training to increase lean body mass, maintaining fluid-electrolyte balance, and following a balanced nutrition program can positively impact athletic performance
Effects of Wound Localisation on Balance, Performance, Muscle Strength, and Gait Speed in Individuals with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textMuscle strength, balance, performance, and gait speed of individuals diagnosed with diabetic foot wound are negatively affected. This study aimed to investigate the effects of wound localisation on balance, performance, muscle strength, and gait speed in individuals with diabetic foot wounds. Individuals (n = 48) with a mean age of 59.35 +/- 11.28 years and were divided into two groups according to wound localisation as group 1 (n = 24) with forefoot wounds and group 2 (n = 24) with hindfoot wounds. Four Step Square Test was used for dynamic balance assessment, Timed Up and Go Test for performance, Manual Muscle Tests for muscle strength, and 10 Meter Walk Test for gait speed assessment. When compared in terms of muscle strength, there was a difference only between the injured side Gluteus Medius (p = 0.02), Gastrosoleus (p = 0.00), and Tibialis Anterior (p = 0.03) muscles. Other muscle groups strength, balance, performance, and gait speed were similar (p > 0.05). Loss of muscle strength can lead to serious negative consequences such as deformity and new wound formation if not intervened in time. The effects on balance and performance are similar in different wound localizations
Prediction of impact behavior of notched composite pipes repaired with different composite patches by machine learning algorithms
No full textIn this study, the impact behavior of notched glass fiber reinforced composite pipes repaired by patch bonding is investigated and the impact performance is predicted by different machine learning algorithms. The effects of patch material, patch thickness, adhesive type and impact velocity on peak force (PF), absorbed energy (AE), maximum displacement (MD) and failure zones were investigated. In the finite element model, Progressive failure analysis based on the combination of Hashin failure criteria and Cohesive zone model (CZM) with Bilinear traction-separation law using MAT-54 material model with LS DYNA finite element program. In addition, Linear Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) and Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithms were used to predict the maximum strength values of composite pipes under impact. The peak force value of the patched specimen increased by maximum 87.2% while the energy absorption efficiency value decreased by 78.9% compared to the unpatched specimen. It was determined that the patch reduced the impact failure zone of the specimen. KNN has the highest accuracy rate with 85% in predicting PF, while RF is more reliable than other algorithms in predicting AE and MD outputs with 97% and 87%, respectively
Mediating Role of Relative Deprivation in the Effect of Internet Addiction on Cryptocurrency Trading in University Students
Get PDFAmaç: Bu arastirma, üniversite ögrencilerinde internet bagimliliginin kripto para ticareti üzerindeki etkisinde göreli yoksunlugun araci rolünü belirlemek amaciyla yürütülmüstür
Determining Runoff Coefficient For Kalecik Basin by Using SMRGT
Get PDFPrecipitation causes runoff with significant uncertainty. The rainfall-runoff modeling relationship depends on the runoff coefficient. Many models have been developed with different methods to calculate the runoff coefficient. Black box or fuzzy models can be preferred instead of deterministic methods in uncertain natural events. However, black box methods often do not consider the event's physical aspect. Therefore, in the present study, Simple Membership Functions and Fuzzy Rules Generation Technique (SMRGT) which base on fuzzy logic was preferred in determining the runoff coefficient since it also reflects the physical cause-effect relationship of the event. By this way, both the hydrological event's uncertainty and physical aspects were addressed. Therefore, it can be used for any basin when the limit values of the variables are expanded. Correctly determining fuzzy sets and fuzzy rule bases are essential points to be considered in fuzzy modeling. According to the literature, SMRGT is the best one to use for this purpose. On the other hand, SMRGT is relatively new. Meteorological, geomorphological, and land use-related characteristics were considered for modeling. The Kalecik Basin's runoff coefficient is found as 0.28 which is lesser than the average of Turkey. The model has 2.28% of MARE
The Relationship Between Selective Motor Control and Trunk Control in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Get PDFAim: Cerebral palsy (CP) can cause a variety of musculoskeletal issues that impact everyday functioning and activities, including reduced muscle tone and selective motor control. Appropriate evaluation of these problems and determination of their interrelationships are important in treatment planning. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between control of the trunk and selectivity of the lower limbs in children with CP. Material and Method: Sixty-eight children and adolescents with spastic CP, categorized as GMFCS levels I to III and aged between five and seventeen years, were enrolled in the present study. The Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) was utilized to evaluate the trunk control. The Selective Control Assessment of the Lower Extremity (SCALE) was performed to measure the selectivity of the lower extremity. Groups with varying GMFCS levels were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. For the relationship analysis, the Spearman rank correlation test was employed. Results: Significant differences in total SCALE scores between levels of the GMFCS were found in the group comparisons (Kruskal- Wallis H test: 44.145, p<0.001). SCALE scores and TCMS scores showed a substantial high association for dynamic sitting balance (rho:0.743, p<0.001), selective movement control (rho: 0.739, p<0.001), and overall TCMS scores (rho: 0.767, p<0.001). TCMS dynamic reaching (rho: 0.676) and static sitting balance (rho: 0.690) had a moderate positive correlation with SCALE score (p<0.001). Conclusion: The SCALE test, which is simple to administer in a clinical setting, may provide insight into the level of trunk control. To improve selectivity of the lower limbs, physiotherapy programs may include interventions related to trunk control
Effects of Neurological Disorders on Health Expenditure and Economic Output: Dynamic Panel Analysis for OECD Countries
Get PDFAnalyzing the prevalence of neurological disorders (NDs) is crucial to understand health expenditures and economic outcomes as they change over time and have significant economic effects. Diseases, particularly those involving neuron damage, can have an economic impact. This study aims to quantify the effects of NDs on health expenditure and economic output for OECD countries from 2000 to 2021 using a dual-model dynamic panel data approach. Also, this study uniquely highlights the dual economic burden of neurological disorders by examining their simultaneous impact on both health expenditures and economic output using dynamic panel data methods. We used both Arellano-Bond and Blundell-Bond estimation methods. The results indicate that an increase in ND prevalence significantly impacts both health expenditures and economic output. While NDs substantially raise health expenditures, they also decrease income levels, underscoring their dual economic burden. Overall, the rise in NDs in society drives up healthcare spending and underscores their significant economic burden. Policymakers should prioritize preventive strategies and early interventions for neurological disorders to mitigate their rising economic and healthcare costs on a societal level.Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar UniversityThe APC was funded by Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University
Charles Darwin Teorisini Neden “Evrim Teorisi” Olarak Adlandirmadi?
Get PDFCharles Darwin called his theory " Descent with Modifications", sometimes called “Natural Selection Theory”, but not the Theory of Evolution. Darwin did not consciously call his theory the Theory of Evolution, and rarely even used the word “evolution”. However, today, despite him, we call Darwin's theory the Theory of Evolution. This study seeks to understand why Darwin did not refer to his theory as the Theory of Evolution, and why we currently refer to Darwin's theory as the Theory of Evolution. In this context, firstly Darwin's own theory will be briefly given. Then, the term evolution and the changes in its meaning will be examined. Secondly, Herbert Spencer's thoughts on evolution will be focused on. Spencer employed the term "evolution" comprehensively, encompassing all organic transformation. He played a pivotal role in establishing "evolution" as the name for Darwin's theory.Charles Darwin, kendi teorisini Evrim Teorisi degil “Degisiklerle Türeyis Teorisi” olarak, yer yer de “Dogal Seçilim Teorisi” olarak adlandirmistir. Darwin, bilinçli bir biçimde Evrim Teorisi dememis, hatta evrim kelimesini bile neredeyse kullanmamistir. Oysa biz bugün, Darwin’in teorisini, ona ragmen, Evrim Teorisi olarak adlandiriyoruz. Bu çalisma, Darwin’in kendi teorisini neden Evrim Teorisi olarak adlandirmadigini ve bizim bugün Darwin’in teorisini neden Evrim Teorisi olarak adlandirdigimizi konu edinir. Bu minvalde ilk olarak Darwin’in kendi teorisine kisaca yer verilecektir. Devaminda evrim terimi ve bu terimdeki anlam degisimleri incelenecektir. Ikinci olarak Herbert Spencer’in evrim düsüncesine odaklanilacaktir. Spencer, evrim terimini oldukça genis bir anlamda tüm organik degisimi kapsayan bir biçimde kullanmis ve evrimin Darwin’in teorisinin adi haline gelmesinde büyük bir rol oynamistir