HAL-Paris 13
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Extending frequency metrology to increasingly complex molecules: SI-traceable sub-Doppler mid-IR spectroscopy of trioxane
No full textBringing increasingly complex polyatomic molecules within reach of precision measurement experiments offers fascinating and far-reaching prospects ranging from Earth sciences and astrophysics, to metrology and quantum sciences. Here, we demonstrate sub-Doppler spectroscopic measurements in the mid-IR fingerprint region of, to our knowledge, the largest molecule to date. To this end, we use a high-resolution ~10.3 µm spectrometer based on a sub-Hz quantum cascade laser remotely calibrated against state-of-the-art primary frequency standards via a metrology-grade fibre link. We perform saturated absorption spectroscopy in the v5 CO stretching mode of 1,3,5-trioxane, (H2CO)3, at a resolution of ~100 kHz, allowing us to measure the absolute frequency of hundreds of rovibrational transitions at unprecedented uncertainties for such a complex species, as low as ~5 kHz. Our work demonstrates the extension of frequency metrology methodologies to ever larger molecular system, confirming the potential of the technologies we develop for bringing increasingly complex species within reach of ultra-precise measurement experiments
Perspective: Quantum gases in bubble traps
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents a review and perspective on quantum gases in bubble traps. We emphasize how the idea of realizing shell shaped condensates emerged and was enabled by the invention of the radiofrequency adiabatic potential technique. We review the many subsequent theoretical works that address the new physics emerging for a condensate trapped on a closed surface. We present the current status of the experiments, the challenges ahead and highlight how a different approach using an immiscible mixture of two condensates enabled the first observation of a shell-shaped degenerate gas. Finally we list a few open questions that we believe provide interesting research directions
What do we know about work and employment in agriculture in Africa? A literature review
No full textInternational audienceWhat do we know about work and employment in agriculture in Africa? A literature revie
Evaluation de la précision de mesure du centre de pression d'un tapis instrumenté double-bandes : effet de la vitesse de marche
No full textNational audienceRévolutionner l'analyse du mouvement : le parasport ouvre de nouvelles perspectives.Cette thématique s'inscrit dans la continuité des Jeux Olympiques et Paralympiques de Paris 2024. En effet, les dynamiques territoriales liées à cet événement se manifestent, entre autres, par la promotion de l'activité physique pour la santé, le bien-être et le vivre ensemble. Le thème proposé fait écho à celui du congrès 2024, en poursuivant la réflexion autour de l'indépendance fonctionnelle pour une participation sociale accrue, notamment à travers la pratique d'activités physiques.Pour le congrès SOFAMEA 2025, nous souhaitons que notre communauté explore plus particulièrement les questions suivantes : Le post-paralympisme : quel sera l’héritage des Jeux, et comment pourra-t-il être utile et utilisable pour nos patients ? Comment lever les freins à la pratique d'activités physiques et, par conséquent, quelle est la place des laboratoires d'analyse du mouvement pour encourager les pratiques d'activités physiques et le développement du parasport ?Le programme du congrès SOFAMEA 2025 comprendra: Deux ateliers pratiques, Cinq symposiums, Des sessions composées de communications courtes, Des sessions composées de communications longues, Mais aussi un prélude convivial (inclu dans les frais d'inscriptions), Et le dîner des congressistes (également inclu dans les frais d'inscription).Contrairement aux éditions précédentes où chaque journée était dédiée à un seul type de session, ces différentes sessions seront réparties sur les trois jours du congrès SOFAMEA 2025, offrant ainsi une diversité d'approches tout au long de l'événement.De plus, le congrès SOFAMEA 2025 se tiendra sur trois journées pleines, permettant aux participants de profiter pleinement de toutes les sessions proposées
TWENTY-THREE PEDIATRIC CASES OF CITROBACTER KOSERI MENINGITIS IN THE LAST 20 YEARS: STILL A DRAMATIC PROGNOSIS
No full textInternational audienceAmong 7578 cases of pediatric bacterial meningitis recorded in France (2001–2021), including 1313 neonatal cases, 23/7578 (0.3%) and 18/1313 (1.4%) were due to Citrobacter koseri. Median age was 11 days. About 63.6% of patients were hospitalized in intensive care unit. Cerebral abscesses were observed in 77.8% and the mortality rate was 22.7%
Comment soigner les citadins africains avec des médicaments traditionnels améliorés ?: Pharmacopée, transmission et innovation : un exemple ivoirien
No full textInternational audienceBased on the biography of an Ivorian phytoremedy, this text not only reflects on the relevance of pharmaceuticalization as an analytical concept, but also rethinks the articulation between the governance of traditional medicine and the therapeutic knowledge at the origin of a hybrid therapeutic practice born in a singular political and institutional context. It aims to contribute to theoretical and epistemological debates concerning the pharmaceuticalization of African societies, by questioning its contemporary urban specificities.Partant de la biographie d’un phytoremède ivoirien, ce texte permet non seulement de réfléchir à la pertinence de la pharmaceuticalisation comme concept analytique, mais aussi de repenser l'articulation entre gouvernance de la médecine traditionnelle et savoirs thérapeutiques à l’origine d’une pratique thérapeutique hybride née dans un contexte politique et institutionnel singuliers. Il vise à contribuer aux débats théoriques et épistémologiques concernant la pharmaceuticalisation des sociétés africaines, en interrogeant ses spécificités urbaines contemporaines
Dictionnaire thématique et alphabétique de la langue yuanga-zuanga (Kanaky-Nouvelle-Calédonie), avec analyse phonologique et esquisse grammaticale
No full textInternational audienc
A Pharmacometrics‐Informed Trial Simulation Framework for Optimizing Study Designs for Disease‐Modifying Treatments in Rare Neurological Disorders
No full textInternational audienceThe development of new treatments for rare neurological diseases (RNDs) may be very challenging due to limited natural history data, lack of relevant biomarkers and clinical endpoints, small and heterogeneous patient populations, and other complexities. A systematic approach is needed for comparing various design and analysis strategies to identify “optimal” approaches for a clinical trial in a chosen RND with the given resource constraints. For this purpose, we propose a pharmacometrics‐informed clinical scenario evaluation framework (CSE‐PMx), which includes some important research hallmarks relevant to RND clinical trials: a disease progression model for simulating individual longitudinal outcomes, the choice of a suitable randomization method for trial design, and an option to perform subsequent statistical analysis with randomization tests. We illustrate the utility of CSE‐PMx for an exemplary randomized trial to compare the disease‐modifying effect of an experimental treatment versus control in patients with Autosomal‐Recessive Spastic Ataxia Charlevoix Saguenay (ARSACS). In the considered example, our simulation evidence suggests that a nonlinear mixed‐effects model (NLMEM) with a population‐based likelihood ratio test analysis is valid, robust, and more powerful than some conventional methods such as two‐sample t‐test, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), or a mixed model with repeated measurements (MMRM). Our proposed framework is very flexible and generalizable to clinical research in other rare disease indications
Comparing randomized trial designs to estimate treatment effect in rare diseases with longitudinal models: a simulation study showcased by Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxias using the SARA score
No full textInternational audienceParallel designs with an end-of-treatment analysis are commonly used for randomised trials, but they remain challenging to conduct in rare diseases due to small sample size and heterogeneity. A more powerful alternative could be to use model-based approaches. We investigated the performance of longitudinal modelling to evaluate disease-modifying treatments in rare diseases using simulations. Our setting was based on a model describing the progression of the standard clinician-reported outcome SARA score in patients with ARCA (Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia), a group of ultra-rare, genetically defined, neurodegenerative diseases. We performed a simulation study to evaluate the influence of trials settings on their ability to detect a treatment effect slowing disease progression, using a previously published non-linear mixed effect logistic model. We compared the power of parallel, crossover and delayed start designs, investigating several trial settings: trial duration (2 or 5 years); disease progression rate (slower or faster); magnitude of residual error (σ=2 or σ=0.5); number of patients (100 or 40); method of statistical analysis (longitudinal analysis with non-linear or linear models; standard statistical analysis), and we investigated their influence on the type 1 error and corrected power of randomised trials. In all settings, using non-linear mixed effect models resulted in controlled type 1 error and higher power (88% for a parallel design) than a rich (75% for a parallel design) or sparse (49% for a parallel design) linear mixed effect model or standard statistical analysis (36% for a parallel design). Parallel and delayed start designs performed better than crossover designs. With slow disease progression and high residual error, longer durations are needed for power to be greater than 80%, 5 years for slower progression and 2 years for faster progression ataxias. In our settings, using non-linear mixed effect modelling allowed all three designs to have more power than a standard end-of-treatment analysis. Our analysis also showed that delayed start designs are promising as, in this context, they are as powerful as parallel designs, but with the advantage that all patients are treated within this design