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Saint Raphaël, ange gardien de la Monarchie hispanique. Évolution et diffusion de son culte au xviie siècle
No full textInternational audienceThe Archangel Raphael, who attracted the interest of specialists of early modern Italy, was the object of a remarkable yet little-known cult in Spain and the Hispanic Monarchy during the post-tridentine period. Its development culminated in 1683 when, at the request of King Charles II, Rome granted it a double minor rite office for the subjects of the Hispanic Monarchy. Like to the guardian angel of the community, he was seen as a supreme protector, capable of rivalling Saint Michael. Raphael, medicina dei, is the only one of the three canonical angels who protects against illness. His cult developed in Córdoba under circumstances we examine, at the intersection of the reinvention of a grand Christian past and the fight against the plague. This process culminated in his election as the patron saint of the city in 1649, laying the foundations for Charles II’s request at the end of the 17th century. The Jesuits, great promoters of the cult of angels, played a role in its development both locally in Cordoba and across the Hispanic Monarchy.El Arcángel Rafael, que despertó el interés de los especialistas de Italia en la época moderna, recibió un culto notable pero poco conocido en España y en la Monarquía Hispánica en el periodo postridentino. Su desarrollo culminó en 1683 cuando, a petición del rey Carlos II, Roma concedió un oficio de rito doble menor para los súbditos de la Monarquía Hispánica. Semejante al ángel custodio de la comunidad, protector superior capaz de rivalizar con san Miguel, Rafael, “medicina dei”, es, entre los tres ángeles canónicos el que protege contra las enfermedades. Su culto se desarrolló en Córdoba en circunstancias que examinamos, entre la construcción de un pasado cristiano grandioso y lucha contra la peste. El proceso culminó con su elección como patrón de la ciudad en 1649, lo que sentó las bases de la petición de Carlos II a finales del siglo XVII. Los jesuitas, grandes promotores del culto a los ángeles, intervinieron en su desarrollo tanto a nivel local, en Córdoba, como a escala de la Monarquía Hispánica.L’archange Raphaël, qui a attiré l’intérêt des spécialistes de l’Italie à l’époque moderne, a reçu en Espagne et dans la Monarchie hispanique un culte remarquable, mais très mal connu, à l’époque post-tridentine. Son développement s’est parachevé en 1683 par l’obtention auprès de Rome d’un office de rite double mineur pour les sujets de la Monarchie hispanique, à la demande du roi Charles II. Semblable à l’ange gardien de la communauté, protecteur supérieur capable de rivaliser avec saint Michel, Raphaël, « medicina dei », est celui des trois anges canoniques qui protège des maladies. Son culte s’est développé à Cordoue dans des circonstances que nous examinons, entre construction d’un glorieux passé chrétien et lutte contre la peste. Le processus a abouti à son élection comme patron de la ville en 1649, ce qui a ensuite jeté les bases de la demande de Charles II à la fin du xviie siècle. Les jésuites, grands promoteurs du culte des anges, ont joué un rôle dans son développement tant au niveau local, à Cordoue, qu’à l’échelle monarchique
Vidéos sur TikTok et Instagram : un apprentissage social de la mise en scène de soi (The Conversation)
No full texthttps://theconversation.com/videos-sur-tiktok-et-instagram-un-apprentissage-social-de-la-mise-en-scene-de-soi-253053Filmer, monter, publier des vidéos sur les réseaux sociaux est désormais une activité centrale dans la vie sociale des jeunes. Mais c’est aussi une activité complexe, voire dangereuse, notamment pour les jeunes femmes. Que filment-elles, que ne filment-elles pas et pourquoi ? Retour sur les enseignements d’une enquête
Business and the Politics of Integration Among German-Turks in Berlin
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Modelling the whole-body pharmacokinetics of radiolabeled glyburide in healthy volunteers
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Scroller
No full textInternational audienceQue se passe-t-il lorsqu’un geste devient l’essence même de notre quotidien ? Convoquant dans un même mouvement penseurs critiques des technologies, scènes de films cultes, littérature et vidéos virales, Laurent Tessier nous invite à une plongée dans l’obsession moderne de l’accélération et de la distraction.À la croisée de la philosophie, de la sociologie et de l’expérience personnelle, Scroller décortique notre rapport à une culture saturée de contenus, interrogeant ce besoin viscéral de faire passer le temps à tout prix
Sociopolitical Dynamics and Territorial Identity in Hwange District, Zimbabwe : Producing a Critical Perspective in the Humanities and Social Sciences
No full textInternational audienceThis synthesis, produced following ten years of field research in Hwange District (2015–2025) in connection with the CNRS Hwange Research Platform, is intended to share with public authorities and local partners the main findings concerning the dynamics of injustice and territorial identity around protected areas. It is based on extended immersion and a humanities and social sciences approach, aiming to shed light on the effects of conservation policies and participatory mechanisms on local populations
Health benefits of leisure-time physical activity by socioeconomic status, lifestyle risk, and mental health: a multicohort study
No full textInternational audienceSummaryBackgroundRegular physical activity is recommended for all aged 5 years and older, but the health benefits gained might differ across population subgroups. The aim of this study was to examine these benefits in terms of years lived free from major non-communicable diseases in subgroups with varying levels of risk factors.MethodsOur analysis was based on a multicohort study of initially healthy European adults from the IPD-Work Consortium and initially healthy participants from the UK Biobank study. Self-reported leisure-time physical activity levels at baseline (1986–2010) were categorised as low (no or very little), intermediate (between low and recommended levels), and WHO-recommended (≥2·5 h of moderate or ≥1·25 h of vigorous physical activity per week). We divided the study population into 36 overlapping subgroups based on socioeconomic factors, lifestyle, and mental health at baseline, and assessed disease-free years between ages 40 years and 75 years for both the overall population and subgroups, accounting for coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, cancer, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Findings14 IPD-Work studies were assessed and six studies were excluded due to missing outcome data and unavailable data for pooling, resulting in the inclusion of eight studies with 124 909 participants. After the exclusion of 7685 participants due to prevalent diseases and 9265 due to missing data, the sample consisted of 107 959 initially healthy European adults (63 567 [58·9%] females and 44 392 [41·1%] males) from the IPD-Work consortium. For the UK Biobank sample, 9 238 453 million individuals were invited, 8 736 094 (94·6%) were non-respondents, and 502 359 participated in the baseline examination. After the exclusion of 73 460 participants, 428 899 participants had data on at least one measure of physical activity. 236 258 (55·1%) were female and 192 641 (44·9%) were male. During 1·6 million person-years at risk, 21 231 IPD-Work participants developed a non-communicable disease, while 101 319 UK Biobank participants developed a non-communicable disease over 4·8 million person-years at risk. Compared with individuals with low physical activity, those meeting the recommended physical activity levels during leisure-time gained an additional 1·1 (95% CI 1·0–1·2) to 2·0 (1·7–2·3) disease-free years, depending on sex and study. In males from the IPD-Work and UK Biobank cohorts, greater gains in disease-free years were observed in current smokers (2·4 [95% CI 2·1–2·8]) versus never smokers (0·7 [0·5–0·9]); those with low education (1·4 [1·1–1·7]) versus high education (0·8 [0·7–1·0]); low socioeconomic status (1·7 [1·5–2·0]) versus high socioeconomic status (0·9 [0·7–1·1]); and those with (1·6 [1·3–1·9]) versus without depressive symptoms (1·0 [0·9–1·1]; p value range <0·0001–0·0008). Similar differences were seen in women for smoking (2·3 [95% CI 1·9–2·7] vs 0·9 [0·7–1·1]), socioeconomic status (1·7 [1·4–2·0] vs 0·8 [0·5–1·0]), depressive symptoms (1·4 [1·1–1·7] vs 1·0 [0·9–1·1]), and for heavy drinkers compared with moderate drinkers (1·4 [1·1–1·6] vs 0·9 [0·7–1·1]; p value range <0·0001–0·010). No differences in physical activity-related health gains were observed between risk groups and non-risk groups by BMI, history of depression, and, in men, alcohol use (p value range 0·11–0·86).InterpretationIn addition to confirming the association between leisure-time physical activity and increased disease-free years across population subgroups, our findings show that these health benefits are often more pronounced among individuals with pre-existing health risks or disadvantaged backgrounds than in those with more favourable risk factor profiles. This suggests that enhancing population-wide physical activity initiatives could help reduce health disparities, while incorporating physical activity into targeted strategies addressing social disadvantage, unhealthy lifestyles, and depression might enhance their effectiveness.FundingWellcome Trust, UK Medical Research Council, US National Institute on Aging, and Research Council of Finland
Complications of invasive oral procedures in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disorders treated with biological and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or glucocorticoids: a scoping review of the literature
No full textInternational audienceBy a scoping review, to evaluate whether patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs) treated with biological and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/cDMARDs) and/or glucocorticoids (GCs) experience complications after invasive oral procedures. Primary search was conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE database, Google Scholar, Embase and Web of Science up to December 31, 2023. The PICO question was "Does a patient with IMIDs and treated with b/cDMARDs in mono/bi or combination therapies have delayed oral wound healing or infectious complications after an invasive oral procedure?". To be included, references had to be primary studies written in English or French. Qualitative assessment was performed. From 1,494 initial articles, 59 full-text articles were selected, including 47 case reports and case series, 7 comparative non-randomized studies, 1 randomized clinical trial, 2 case-case studies, 1 case-control study, and 1 prospective cohort study. Most reports involved patients with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate and/or anti-TNF. Complications (medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, delayed healing, local infection) occurred predominantly after tooth extractions, particularly affecting women, patients over 50 with bisphosphonate use, unhealthy lifestyle habits, or diabetes. They were generally managed with prolonged antibiotic and antiseptic courses, and surgical interventions. Local infectious complication or jaw osteonecrosis could occur post-invasive procedures, especially tooth extractions, in IMIDs patients on b/cDMARDs and/or GCs, often in patients with comorbidities and/or concurrent medications such as bone-modifying drugs. It is essential for dentists to be alert to the existence of local or focal infectious complications after tooth extraction in patients with IMIDs on immunosuppressive therapy
Challenges in Defining Clinical Complete Response to Systemic Therapy in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Insights from the EORTC STARBURST Project
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Scurvy incidence trend among children hospitalised in France, 2015–2023: a population-based interrupted time-series analysis
No full textInternational audienceScurvy, historically rare in-high income countries, has re-emerged as an indicator of socioeconomic and dietary disparities. Limited data exist on scurvy trends among European children, particularly following socioeconomic changes since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analysed scurvy incidence trends among French children over a nine-year period, examining potential post-pandemic increases.None