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Même virus, répercussions différentes : conséquences de la pandémie de Covid-19 sur la santé des immigrés et des natifs en France
No full textCardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Late Gadolinium Enhancement Risk Score for Mortality in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: the HCM-LGE Risk Score
No full textInternational audienceBackground: The concept of “late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) granularity” using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been described as a strong prognosticator for patients with cardiomyopathy.(1, 2) No score has been developed using LGE in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) for clinical routine.The aim of the study was to develop and validate a score using the “LGE granularity” concept to predict mortality in HCM patients.Methods: The study cohort was based on the multicentric HCM-LGE registry, that included 2,873 patients with HCM referred for CMR between 2008 and 2021 in three French centers. The HCM-LGE risk score was developed using multivariable Cox coefficients of the “LGE granularity” concept from the training cohort (N=1,609). Then, this score was evaluated by time-dependent AUCs, precision recall curves, and calibration at 5 years on testing (N=199) and external validation (N=272). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality using the French National Death Registry. Based on the HCM-LGE risk score, patients were classified into 3 risk groups: low-risk (≤3 points), intermediate-risk ( >3 and ≤5 points), and high-risk ( >5 points). Survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test.Results: The HCM-LGE risk score showed good performance in time-dependent analysis, with AUC of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.79) and precision-recall AUC of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.48-0.56) in the external validation cohort. Cox analysis showed escalating risk from intermediate-risk (aHR: 2.61, [95% CI: 1.33-5.15]) to high-risk patients (aHR: 3.50, [95% CI: 1.90-6.45]; both p< 0.001). The HCM-LGE risk score showed the best improvement in model discrimination and reclassification above traditional prognosticators (Harrell’s C-statistic improvement: 0.09; NRI=50%; IDI=17%, all p< 0.001).Conclusion: The HCM-LGE risk score is a straightforward and reliable mortality risk prediction score for patients with HCM using readily available LGE parameters, with an incremental prognostic value above traditional prognosticators
Streptococcus thermophilus Ab.340 TZ enhances doxorubicin efficacy in glioblastoma cells by modulating apoptotic and survival pathways
No full textInternational audienc
Enseigner R sur YouTube en temps de COVID-19 : retour d'expérience des webin R
No full textEn contexte COVID-19, j’ai mis en place en novembre 2020 un webinaire hebdomadaire d’enseignement à R : les webin-R. Diffusées en direct sur YouTube, les sessions duraient de 1 h 30 à 2 h, avec partage d’écran. Les contenus reposaient sur analyse-R, un support de formation en ligne créé et maintenu depuis 2015.Mi-mai 2021, une enquête a été menée auprès des participant·es aux webin-R (120 questionnaires complétés). Les répondant·es étaient en majorité des hommes (64 %), âgés de 40 ans ou moins (62 %). La moitié (49 %) résidait hors de France. Ils/Elles étaient mastérant·es (20 %), doctorant·es (25 %), postdoctorant·es (3 %), ingénieur·es (26 %), chercheur·es (18 %). Les disciplines étaient tout aussi variées.En termes de participation, nous avons observé une fatigue au cours du temps, et surtout une baisse du suivi en direct au profit du différé.Les participant·es ont souligné l’importance du visionnage en différé, la mise à disposition des scripts, le chapitrage des vidéos, l’articulation avec analyse-R, le partage d’écran, la langue française et la gratuité des contenus. Certains regrettent l’absence d’exercices ou la non-possibilité de valider des crédits d’enseignement.L’expérience des webin-R traduit une forte demande pour des contenus d’autoformation à R, avec une visée appliquée, en français, et facilement accessibles. Le format libre participe au développement d’une science ouverte
La critique des décisions de justice
No full textInternational audienceQuelles limites pénales à la critique des décisions de justice
Querelles. Penser par la dispute, au Moyen Âge et aujourd'hui
No full textInternational audienceThis work explores the role of disputes in shaping thought. It approaches the quarrel diachronically, treating it both as an object of analysis in medieval studies and as a methodological tool—that is, one of the ways in which research in medieval studies is constructed.Cet ouvrage interroge le rôle des querelles dans la fabrique de la pensée. Il s’agit de considérer la querelle en diachronie, comme objet d’analyse des études médiévales, et comme outil de la médiévistique, c’est-à-dire l’un des modes de construction de la recherche
Dog therapy for dental care among autistic children: A randomized trial
No full textInternational audienceWe aimed to assess whether the presence of a therapy dog during 2 dental care sessions could facilitate subsequent dog-free dental care for anxious autistic children who had difficulty cooperating. METHODS We conducted a parallel-arm randomized trial: control group using usual behavioral strategies only and experimental group using animal-assisted therapy (AAT) strategies combined with usual behavioral strategies. All patients had 3 dental care sessions. In the experimental group, the therapy dog was present during the first 2 dental sessions, and the third dental session was dog-free. The primary outcome was the mean overall anxiety during the dog-free third treatment session. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were also used to account for the correlation of repeated measures. RESULTS A total of 49 patients were enrolled. The most frequently usual behavioral strategies were positive reinforcement (n = 31; 64%), hypnosis (n = 28; 58%), demystification (n = 26; 52%), and in vivo modeling (n = 25; 51%). AAT-specific strategies included imitating dog (n = 18; 69%), positive supportive reinforcement with dog incentives (n = 14; 54%), and distraction or therapeutic touch (n = 11; 42%). Mean anxiety scores were significantly lower in the experimental group during the third session (mean difference, −1.4; 95% CI, −2.43 to −0.37). GEE analysis showed a significant reduction in anxiety over time in the experimental group compared with controls (P = .0001; β = −1.03). CONCLUSION Dog served mainly as an in vivo model and positive reinforcer. Our findings suggest that AAT could play a key role in helping children acclimate to dental procedures, and, consequently, ease the transition back to conventional, animal-free dental treatments.</p
A Comprehensive multi-species comparison of rotational temperature probes in a DC Ar/N 2 micro-hollow cathode discharge
No full textAccurate gas temperature (T_Gas ) determination in microplasmas is critical for optimizing their applications, yet isolated diagnostic approaches may yield misleading results, especially under strong non-equilibrium conditions. Here, high resolution rotational spectra of N_2(C), OH(A), NH(A) and NO(A), generated in the plasma jet of a DC Ar/N_2 microhollow cathode discharge (MHCD), are recorded and their associated rotational temperatures (T_rot ) are cross compared. A detailed experimental analysis and robust fitting of the rotational spectra are performed, achieving a reliable estimation of T_Gas. The dominant formation mechanisms of these species and their corresponding impact on rotational population distributions are also interrogated. Particularly, our findings indicate that the T_rot of N_2(C) is significantly influenced by energy transfers from argon metastables (Ar^m ) and spectral interference from NH(A). This makes it unreliable as a thermometric probe in Ar-rich MHCD, unless complex analyses are employed. In contrast, OH(A) rotational population distribution appears to be less sensitive to Ar-induced perturbations across various discharge currents and pressures, providing more straightforward results. For all molecules considered, this study reveals the conditions under which all the measured T_rot can be reliably considered to be in equilibrium with T_Gas . This highlights the importance of crossvalidating multiple thermometric probes and investigating relevant excitation kinetics when measuring T_rot in reactive microplasmas
Tester l’audition par la parole: in Matthieu Saladin & Bastien Gallet (dir.), Spectres de l'audible, Paris, Philharmonie de Paris
No full textMara Mills, “Testing Hearing with Speech”, in Alexandra Hui, Mara Mills, Viktoria Tkaczyk (dir.), Testing Hearing. The Making of Modern Aurality, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 202
Répondre à la COVID-19 par la participation. L'expérience cubaine en matière d'engagement communautaire
No full textInternational audienceHighlights- Cuba's COVID-19 response relied on grassroots mobilization across community and healthcare settings.- Non-healthcare actors allowed local adaptations to face the pandemic.- They helped attenuate vulnerabilities induced by response measures.- Their implication also meant carrying a high burden of risk management.- The COVID-19 pandemic expanded community participation in Cuba.Points saillants- La réponse de Cuba au COVID-19 s'est appuyée sur la mobilisation populaire dans les communautés et les établissements de santé.- Les acteurs non liés au secteur de la santé ont permis des adaptations locales pour faire face à la pandémie.- Ils ont contribué à atténuer les vulnérabilités induites par les mesures de réponse.- Leur implication a également impliqué une charge importante en matière de gestion des risques