Lietuvos chirurgija
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Pacientų, patyrusių elektros traumas Lietuvoje 2016–2020 m., skaičiaus pokyčio tendencijos
Get PDFBackground. Electrical injuries are not common, however these injuries are severe. The burns cause damage for both superficial and deep layers of skin, as well as deeper tissues, and can lead to necrosis. Morbidity and mortality from electrical injuries are quite high and have physical and psychological consequences. Epidemiological analysis of electrical burns helps to understand patterns of these devastating injuries and to plan further treatment strategies. The objective of the study is to evaluate the number of patients affected by electrical injuries in Lithuania from 2016 to 2020. Methods. Data for the study were used from the Health Information Center of the Institute of Hygiene, calculated from the information system SVEIDRA of the State Health Insurance Fund under the Ministry of Health of Lithuania. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using IBM SPSS statistics 23.0 software. Using the Mann-Whitney criterion, a comparison was made between the percentage distributions of electrical injuries during the study period. Results. During five years (2016–2020), 355 people in total, 85 of them children, were affected by electrical injuries. Men were more likely to suffer from electric injuries. 80.4 percent males were affected and 19.6 percent females. Overall, electrical injuries decreased by 8.45 percent. The number of electrical injuries decreased by 3.66% in the children group and 4.79% in the adult group. Conclusions. After reviewing the research data, it can be concluded that from 2016 to 2020, there was decreased tendency of electrical injuries in Lithuania by 15.3% among children and by 6.29% among adults. Men were more likely to experience electrical injuries. Ongoing prevention strategies and measures in society and raising social awareness are key factors in reducing electrical injuries.Įvadas. Elektros traumos nėra labai dažnos, tačiau po šių traumų lieka sunkių sužalojimų. Elektros sukelti nudegimai dažnai pažeidžia tiek odos paviršinį, tiek gilųjį sluoksnius, taip pat gilesnius audinius ir gali lemti didelius nekrozės plotus. Sergamumas ir mirštamumas nuo elektros traumų yra gana didelis, turintis fizinių ir psichologinių pasekmių. Epidemiologinė elektros sukeltų nudegimų analizė leidžia išskirti šių sužalojimų modelius ir planuoti gydymo strategijas. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti pacientų, nukentėjusių nuo elektros traumų Lietuvoje 2016–2020 m., skaičiaus pokyčio tendencijas. Metodai. Atliekant tyrimą, naudoti Higienos instituto Sveikatos informacijos centro duomenys, skaičiuoti Valstybinės ligonių kasos prie Sveikatos apsaugos ministerijos informacine sistema „Sveidra“. Duomenų statistinei analizei naudota IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 programinė įranga. Elektros traumų procentinių pasiskirstymų pagal metus lyginamoji tiriamojo laikotarpio analizė atlikta taikant Manno ir Whitney U kriterijų. Rezultatai. Per 5 metus (2016–2020 m.) nuo elektros traumų Lietuvoje nukentėjo 355 asmenys, iš jų – 85 vaikai. Vyrai elektros traumų patyrė dažniau – nukentėjo 80,4 proc. vyrų ir 19,6 proc. moterų. Apskritai, nuo 2016 m. iki 2020 m. elektros traumų Lietuvoje sumažėjo 8,45 proc. Vaikų, patyrusių elektros traumų, skaičius sumažėjo 3,66 proc., suaugusiųjų – 4,79 proc. Išvados. Apžvelgus tyrimo duomenis, galima teigti, kad Lietuvoje nuo 2016 m. iki 2020 m. matyti elektros traumų skaičiaus mažėjimo tendencija. Vaikų, patyrusių elektros traumų, skaičius sumažėjo 3,66 proc., suaugusiųjų – 4,79 proc. Vyrai elektros traumų patyrė dažniau negu moterys. Siekiant išvengti elektros traumų, svarbūs veiksniai yra visuomenei taikomos nuolatinės prevencinės strategijos ir priemonės bei socialinio sąmoningumo didinimas
Fejerverkų sukeltas trauminis chorioretinitas: klinikinis atvejis ir literatūros apžvalga
Get PDFChorioretinitis sclopetaria is a rare consequence of ocular injury caused by the forces of a high-velocity object passing very close to the globe. Injury results in a full-thickness rupture of the retina and choroid, while the sclera remains unaffected. The location of rupture affects visual recovery and final best-corrected visual acuity. Retinal detachment or non-resorbable vitreous hemorrhage may require surgical treatment, but in most cases the initial treatment is observation. Therefore, a timely and correct diagnosis of traumatic chorioretinitis is essential to avoid unwarranted surgical intervention. Although most patients have a final corrected visual acuity improvement after trauma, the visual prognosis is poor. Herein we report the case of a patient diagnosed with chorioretinitis sclopetaria after sustaining trauma by a firework. We also discuss the prevalence of chorioretinitis sclopetaria, risk factors, the pathophysiological mechanism, the main clinical findings, treatment options, and outcomes
Role of Triple Test in Evaluating Breast Lumps
Get PDFBreast tissue undergoes constant physiological changes in a woman’s life because of influence of endocrine hormones during and after reproductive life. These changes may present as pain, lumpiness or both in the breast. Breast lumps are feared for cancer. Thus, it is important for women with a breast lump to receive appropriate evaluation. Clinical breast examination is first step in evaluation of breast lump. The diagnostic sensitivity of clinical breast examination is high (98%) whereas its specificity is low, averaging 48%. Ultrasound is preferred in evaluation of radiologically dense breasts and in the study of breasts with augmentation mammoplasties. Micro-calcifications on mammography are considered to be important signs of breast cancer. X-ray mammography detects microcalcifications in 30–50% of breast cancers. FNAC is a cheap, cost effective and readily available routine diagnostic with a sensitivity ranging between 89% to 98% and specificity between 98% to 100% for palpable breast lumps.
When combined together triple test achieves a higher sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy than any of the investigations taken alone. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate breast masses by clinical assessment, imaging and pathological examination. Results were compared with histopathology. We concluded that triple assessment in breast lumps gives superior results than any of its modalities taken alone
Internal Hernia Through Foramen of Winslow a Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction: A Case Report
Get PDFInternal hernia through foramen of Winslow (FoW) is rare condition as there are only 200 cases reported so far in the literature. Our patient a 78 years man presented with a clinical picture suggestive of small bowel obstruction for 5 days. Patient underwent emergency laparotomy following suspicion of internal hernia on imaging. On exploratory laparotomy there was grossly dilated bowel loops and a small segment of terminal ileum and omentum was found herniating through FoW in to the lesser sac. The bowel segment was reduced with gentle traction and herniated segment of omentum was excised due to questionable viability. Opening of FoW was unusually large and to prevent hernia recurrence it was closed partially. Postoperative period was uneventful. This unusual case presented to us diagnostic confusion and management challenge considering the previous history, multiple comorbidities and geriatric profile
Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with Associated Invasive Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Get PDFBackground. Pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm (PMCN) with associated invasive carcinoma is a rare entity. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) 2010, PMCN with associated invasive carcinoma is referred to the malignant lesions of the pancreatic epithelial tumour. Case report. A 52-year-old female patient presented with pain in the umbilical and epigastric regions for 5 months and noticed a solid visible tumour on the left side of the abdomen 3 months ago when she lied down. The level of the CA125 was 47.64 U/ml (normal value <35 U/ml). Abdominal and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a cystic multiseptal mass in the left iliac region, defined as a left ovary tumour, while Computed tomography scan revealed a cystic tumour of the pancreatic tail. The patient underwent a resection of the pancreatic tail with a 20 cm cystic solid tumour, splenectomy and left hemicolectomy. Histopathology report confirmed mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreatic tail with associated invasive carcinoma (combined badly differentiated (G3) ductal (40%) and undifferentiated (G4) anaplastic (60%) carcinoma) pT1bN0. Postoperative course complicated with wound infection. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 10. The patient is still alive 2 years on follow-up. Conclusions. PMCN with associated invasive carcinomas are rare lesions of pancreas with relatively benign course. This malignant pancreatic tumour displays morphologies as pleomorphic epithelial cells and relatively mononuclear spindle cells, and not always tends to have underlying ovarian type stroma. The comprehensive histopathological examination of the tumour is necessary in order to cure most MCN patients with minimally invasive types
International Colorectal Research Forum Vilnius 2023: Korean–Lithuanian Symposium and ISUCRS Session
Get PDFRiešo kanalo tunelinio sindromo diagnostinių metodų palyginimas
Get PDFBackground. Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common and widespread peripheral neuropathy in the world. The diagnostic testing methods for the carpal tunnel syndrome are based on anamnesis data, objective and instrumental inspection. Electroneuromyography is the main instrumental test when carpal tunnel syndrome is suspected. An ultrasound imaging may also be performed. Objective. To determine the effectiveness, sensitivity and specificity of instrumental diagnostics methods used to diagnose the carpal tunnel syndrome, and to compare them. Methods. Diagnostic testing – ultrasound and electroneuromyography was applied to persons under study. The area of the median nerve (mm2) was assessed during the ultrasound examination. The results of the electroneuromyography study evaluated the response speed of the sensory impulse (ms), the speed of the motor impulse response (ms). Later, the tests, their sensitivity and specificity were evaluated and compared. Results. 30 patients participated in the study, of which 26 (86.7%) were women, 4 (13.3%) were men. Electroneuromyography was found to be both sensitive and specific for a measure of sensory propagation velocity, 76.2 and 75%, respectively (p = 0.042); of motor propagation speed – 100 and 75% (p = 0.040). Ultrasonography is sensitive (87.5%) but nonspecific (66.7%) (p = 0.008). The study showed that the ultrasound dimension strongly, directly and reliably correlates with the sensory impulse response rate (p < 0.001), and the ultrasound dimension moderately, directly and reliably correlates with the motor impulse response rate (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Carpal tunnel syndrome can be suspected by ultrasound measurement of the area of the median nerve, but the test is only sensitive but non-specific. Electroneuromyography can confirm the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome, as the test is both sensitive and specific. Comparing the studies, a strong, direct and reliable relationship between the results of the ultrasound and the electroneuromyography testing was established.vadas. Riešo kanalo sindromas – labiausiai paplitusi periferinių nervų neuropatija pasaulyje. Riešo kanalo tunelinio sindromo diagnostika paremta anamnezės duomenimis, objektyviu ištyrimu ir instrumentiniais tyrimo metodais. Pagrindinis instrumentinis tyrimas, įtariant riešo kanalo sindromą, yra elektroneuromiografija. Taip pat gali būti atliekamas ultragarsinis tyrimas. Tikslas – įvertinti pacientams, sergantiems riešo kanalo sindromu, taikytų instrumentinių diagnostinių metodų efektyvumą, jautrumą bei specifiškumą ir palyginti šiuos metodus tarpusavyje. Metodika. Tiriamiesiems atlikti diagnostiniai – ultragarsinis ir elektroneuromiografijos – tyrimai. Ultragarsinio tyrimo metu vertintas vidurinio nervo plotas (mm2). Elektroneuromiografijos tyrimu vertintas sensorinio impulso atsako greitis (ms) ir motorinio impulso atsako greitis (ms). Vėliau abu diagnostiniai tyrimai įvertinti atskirai, išskirtas jų jautrumas ir specifiškumas, metodai palyginti tarpusavyje. Rezultatai. Tyrime dalyvavo 30 pacientų, iš jų – 26 (86,7 %) moterys, 4 (13,3 %) vyrai. Nustatyta, kad elektroneuromiografijos tyrimas yra ir jautrus, ir specifiškas: sensorinio impulso atsako sklidimo greičio matmuo atitinkamai 76,2 % ir 75 % (p = 0,042); motorinio impulso atsako sklidimo greičio matmuo – 100 % ir 75 % (p = 0,040). Ultragarsinis tyrimas yra jautrus (87,5 %), tačiau nespecifiškas (66,7 %) (p = 0,008). Tyrimas parodė, kad ultragarsinis matmuo stipriai, tiesiogiai ir patikimai koreliuoja su sensoriniu impulso atsako greičiu (p < 0,001). Taip pat ultragarsinis matmuo vidutiniškai, tiesiogiai ir patikimai koreliuoja su motoriniu impulso atsako greičiu (p < 0,001). Išvados. Ultragarsu matuojant vidurinio nervo plotą, pacientui galima įtarti riešo kanalo sindromą, tačiau tyrimas yra tik jautrus, bet nespecifiškas. Atlikus elektroneuromiografijos tyrimą, riešo kanalo sindromo diagnozę galima patvirtinti, nes tyrimas yra ir jautrus, ir specifiškas. Tyrimus lyginant tarpusavyje, tarp ultragarsinio tyrimo ir elektroneuromiografijos tyrimo rezultatų nustatytas stiprus, tiesioginis ir patikimas ryšys
Stenozuojančio tenosinovito operacinis gydymas: ankstyvieji ir vėlyvieji rezultatai, komplikacijos: Chirurginis stenozuojančio tenosinovito gydymas efektyvus, tačiau pacientams neretai sukeliantis diskomfortą dėl randėjimo plaštakoje.
Get PDFBackground. The thickening of A1 pulley of the tendon sheath limits the excursion of flexor tendon. Stenosing tenosynovitis causes finger movements dysfunction and pain. Objective. To analyze early and late outcomes of patients with stenosing tenosynovitis after surgical treatment – anulotomy. Methods. All patients had standard surgical procedure – open anulotomy of A1 pulley. Pain (verbal pain scale), hand and arm function (QuickDASH) and complications were recorded before surgery, after 1 week, 3 months and 6 months post surgery. Results. There were 45 patients, 29 (64%) female, 16 (36%) male. The highest pain score was recorded before surgery median 5 (IQR 5). The lowest pain score median 2 (IQR 2) was recorded after 6 months post surgery. The difference of the results after 1 week, 3 months and 6 months was statistically significant p < 0.001. The worst hand and arm function was before surgery and 1 week post surgery. Accordingly: medians 52 (IQR 33) and 52 (IQR 35). Full hand function recovery was noticed after 6 months post surgery median 0 (IQR 11). The difference is statistically significant p < 0.001. Conclusions. Surgical treatment, open anulotomy is one of the most effective methods for stenosing tenosynovitis. After this procedure pain and hand function improves greatly. However, for some patients it might cause discomfort of the hand because of the scar’s sensitivity and location.Įvadas. Sustorėjęs A1 skaidulinis žiedas, esantis ties delnakaulio galva, neleidžia sausgyslei laisvai judėti kanale. Pasireiškus šiam sutrikimui, pacientai, lenkdami ar tiesdami pirštą, jaučia vietinį skausmą ir strigimą. Tikslas. Įvertinti pacientų, sergančių stenozuojančiu tenosinovitu, ankstyvuosius ir vėlyvuosius rezultatus, pritaikius atvirąjį chirurginį gydymą, atliekant anulotomiją. Metodika. Tiriamiesiems atlikta standartinė operacija – atviras chirurginis plaštakos piršto skaidulinio A1 žiedo atvėrimas (anulotomija). Skausmas (verbalinė skausmo skalė), plaštakos ir rankos funkcijos (QuickDASH) bei komplikacijos vertinta po operacijos praėjus 1 sav., 3 mėn. ir 6 mėn. Rezultatai. Tyrime dalyvavo 45 pacientai, iš jų – 29 (64 %) moterys, 16 (36 %) vyrų. Didžiausią skausmą pacientai jautė prieš operaciją (mediana – 5; TKN 5), mažiausią – praėjus 6 mėn. po operacijos (mediana – 2; TKN 2). Skausmo rezultatų skirtumas prieš operaciją ir praėjus 1 sav., 3 mėn. bei 6 mėn. po operacijos – statistiškai reikšmingas (p < 0,001). Rankos ir plaštakos funkcijos blogiausiai vertintos prieš operaciją ir praėjus 1 sav. po operacijos (mediana atitinkamai: 52 (TKN 33) ir 52 (TKN 35). Plaštakos funkcija pacientams atkurta praėjus 6 mėn. po operacijos (mediana – 0; TKN 11). Skirtumas statistiškai reikšmingas (p < 0,001). Išvados. Atviroji anulotomija – viena iš efektyviausių stenozuojančio tenosinovito gydymo metodikų. Atlikus šią operaciją, gerėja plaštakos funkcija, mažėja skausmas. Vis dėlto pooperaciniu laikotarpiu nemažai daliai pacientų kyla tam tikrų nepatogumų ar komplikacijų, iš kurių dažniausiai minėtinas nepatogus randas. Neretai pacientus vargina rando jautrumas
Alkūnės kanalo sindromo chirurginio gydymo rezultatai
Get PDFBackground. Cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most commonly diagnosed compressive neuropathy of the upper extremity after carpal tunnel syndrome and the most common neuropathy of the ulnar nerve. Objective. To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with cubital tunnel syndrome by performing an open decompression in situ. Methods. All subjects underwent a standard operation – open surgical opening of the elbow canal (decompression in situ). On the day of surgery, after 3 months, after 6 months, pain (verbal pain scale), hand and arm function (QuickDASH), complications are evaluated. Results. There were 44 patients, 16 (36%) female, 28 (64%) male. In 50% of the patients, electroneuromyography revealed a severe degree of ulnar nerve damage, in the rest – a moderate degree of damage. Hand function for women 3 months after surgery improved by 42.046 points (according to QuickDASH), while in men it was 15.454 points (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, hand function for woman 3 months after surgery improved by 45.833 points, while in men it was 20.000 points (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences between the groups with a moderate and severe degree of damage were found only when assessing pain according to the VAS scale at 3 months after surgery (mean VAS scores 1.2 and 2.8 respectively). A positive correlation was also observed between age and improvement in hand function between 3–6 months after surgery (p < 0.05). In older people, improvement in hand function is observed after a longer period of time after surgery, and a more pronounced improvement in hand function with a severe degree of damage (comparing function before surgery and 6 months after surgery) is experienced by younger people. Conclusions. In situ decompression of the ulnar nerve is one of the most effective methods of treating ulnar neuropathy. With this method an improvement in the function of the hand and a decrease in pain are observed.Įvadas. Alkūnės kanalo tunelinis sindromas – antra po riešo kanalo sindromo dažniausiai diagnozuojama kompresinė viršutinės galūnės neuropatija ir dažniausiai nustatomas alkūninio nervo neurologinis sutrikimas. Tikslas – įvertinti pacientų, operuotų dėl alkūnės kanalo sindromo, chirurginio gydymo rezultatus, atliekant atvirąją dekompresiją. Metodika. Tiriamiesiems atlikta standartinė operacija – atvirasis chirurginis alkūnės kanalo atvėrimas (dekompresija in situ). Operacijos dieną ir po operacijos praėjus 3 mėn. ir 6 mėn. vertintas skausmas (verbalinė skausmo skalė), plaštakos ir rankos funkcija (QuickDASH), komplikacijos. Rezultatai. Klinikiniame tyrime dalyvavo 44 pacientai, iš jų – 28 (64 %) vyrai ir 16 (36 %) moterų. 50 proc. pacientų elektroneuromiografijos tyrimu nustatytas sunkaus laipsnio alkūninio nervo pažeidimas, likusiems – vidutinio laipsnio pažeidimas. Praėjus 3 mėn. po operacijos, moterims plaštakos funkcija pagerėjo vidutiniškai 42,046 balo (QuickDASH), vyrams – 15,454 balo (p < 0,05). Praėjus 6 mėn. po operacijos, rankos funkcija, palyginti su rezultatu prieš operaciją, moterims pagerėjo vidutiniškai 45,833 balo, vyrams – 20,000 balo (p < 0,05). Statistiškai reikšmingas skirtumas tarp vidutinio ir sunkaus laipsnio pažeidimų grupių nustatytas tik vertinant skausmą, remiantis VAS skale, praėjus 3 mėn. po operacijos (VAS balų vidurkiai – atitinkamai 1,2 ir 2,8). Praėjus 3–6 mėn. po operacijos, rankos funkcijos pagerėjimas teigiamai koreliavo su tiriamųjų amžiumi (p < 0,05). Vyresniems pacientams rankos funkcijos pagerėjimas nustatytas praėjus daugiau laiko po operacijos. Didesnį rankos funkcijos pagerėjimą (lyginant funkciją prieš operaciją ir praėjus 6 mėn. po operacijos), esant sunkiam pažeidimo laipsniui, patiria jaunesni asmenys. Išvados. In situ alkūninio nervo dekompresija – viena iš efektyviausių alkūninio nervo neuropatijos gydymo metodikų. Taikant šį chirurginio gydymo metodą, pagerėja plaštakos funkcija, sumažėja skausmas
Radiological and Clinical Prognostic Factors of Recurrence of Subacute and Chronic Subdural Hematomas
Get PDFObjectives. To assess characteristic data of patients hospitalized due to subacute subdural hematomas (SSDHs) and chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) and to evaluate radiological findings and establish predictors of hematoma recurrence of SSDHs and CSDHs patient populations. Methods. 149 patients with SSDHs and CSDHs who underwent surgery at Kaunas Clinics Neurosurgery Department from 2020 to 2021 were analyzed. Based on recurrence rate, patients were divided into different subtypes based on computer tomography (CT) imaging. Descriptive analysis, hypothesis testing and correlation matrix were performed using Excel spreadsheet and R programming language with the significance at p-value < 0.05. Results. Out of 149 patients, SSDHs and CSDHs were observed in 89 males (59.6%) and 60 (40.3%) females. Mean of the patients age was 71.1±15 years. Dichotomizing results based on recurrence (cut-off value of 25%), 2 groups were made: 1) low reoperation rate –hypodense sedimented (10%), isodense (21.6%), hypodense (22.2%); 2) high reoperation rate – hypodense bridging (26.7%), hypodense trabecular (27.8%), hypodense with acute bleeding (28.6%), hypodense laminar (30%), isodense with acute bleeding (33.3%). Conclusion. It is concluded that based on 25% reoperation rate high-recurrence and low-recurrence chronic subdural hematomas groups were similar in all terms apart from the hematoma thickness (mm), which leads to a fact that radiological appearance of higher recurrence hematomas should be carefully taken into consideration