Journalism Research
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Dienoraščio žanras žurnalistinės kaitos dramose
Get PDFStebėdami žurnalistikos kaitą, kai miršta popierinis laikraštis sulig išeinančia karta, o žinios gali būti atnaujinamos kas akimirką elektroniniame leidinyje, ieškome atsakymo, kuo ji yra kitokia nei vakar. Juk žurnalistika turi būti ir toliau greitesnė, technologiškai spartesnė nei jos vartotojas – tai yra klasikinė naujienų pateikimo sąlyga. Ir naujienos reikšmė tebėra dvejopa: viena – tai žinia apie įvykį; kita – tai naujumas bet kurio žanro kūrinyje. Ir kai žinia pasiekiama ir pateikiama palyginti vis sparčiau, ar kiekvieno žanro žurnalistinis kūrinys gali būti lygiai taip pat sparčiai sukuriamas ir „patiekiamas“? Gali. Technologijos užtikrina spartumą. Būtent jos lemia įdomiausią kaitos ypatumą: išsiplečia žurnalistikos žanrų raiškos galimybės. Technologijos lėmė dienoraščio „atgimimą“: jis jau yra žurnalistikos žanrų sąraše, įgijo struktūrinių reikalavimų, būdingų informacijos kūriniui ir net tampa leidiniu. Straipsnyje, paaiškindami teismo bylą, susijusią su dienoraščio autoriaus teisėmis būti prilygintam žurnalistui, išnagrinėsime dienoraščio – žurnalistinio kūrinio vaidmenį (t.y. įvertindami dienoraštį kaip žurnalistikos žanrą).
Esminiai žodžiai: dienoraštis, leidinys, tinklaraštis, žanras, žurnalas, žurnalistinis dienorašti
The Norwegian journalism education landscape
Get PDFJournalism is one of the most popular study programmes in Norway. There are several pathways into the Norwegian news industry for young people seeking a career in journalism, but it is increasingly common for aspiring journalists to start off with a journalism education. In this article the landscapeof Norwegian journalism education is presented, including a closer look at the content of the studies, the connection to the industry and the students of journalism themselves. The description of the students is based on a dataset from a series of questionnaires administered between 2000 and 2004 to three complete cohorts of Norwegian journalism students at Oslo University College and Volda University College, the largest and oldest J-schools in Norway. Norwegian journalism education can be described as working quite well as measured by both the students’ success in the job market and their expressed satisfaction with their studies. The fact that the application rate for several years has been among the very highest compared with other university programmes also validates this point.
Keywords: Norway, journalism education, relation between industry and j-schools.
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Cost effectiveness of journalism education in a small nation state
Get PDFThe article discusses the role of journalism as a discipline in a small nation state and provides analysis of the economic factors that influence the journalism programs. The article discusses some of the economic aspects of journalism education at the academic university and provides a case study on the basis of the two programs provided by the University of Tartu: Bachelor (BA) and Master’s (MA) programs. The curricula are held by the Institute of Journalism and Communication.
Keywords: journalism curriculum, education, cost, small market.
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From liberal to predatory mass media in post-communist Lithuania
Get PDFReferring to the concepts, communicative democracy is defined as free, open and democratic communication organized around three equally legitimate public sphere actors – politicians, journalists and public opinion, and populism is understood as good, entertaining and effective communication with people, eroding basic functions of the political parties (institutionalization of ideological conflicts) and politicians (representation), the paper provides insights about the dangers to quality of democracy if the free mass media gets utterly away from political parallelism. Special attention is placed on the tendencies of media personnel to be active in the political life. The paper conceptualizes a tremendous decrease (by one third) in public trust in mass media in Lithuania, observed from 1998 to 2009 and interprets this change as a cumulative result of the post-communist illstructured political field under pressing liberalization and democratization coupled with specific patterns of the Lithuanian political culture and public sphere. In the conditions of a still relatively high public trust in mass-media and scarce foreign ownership of the mass-media outlets in Lithuania, the local media barons are able to produce and impose their own public-agenda. The Lithuanian massmedia and government relations evolve along the lines of the zero-sum game: they seek to control each other, and at the same time try to avoid being controlled by the other, while any other pattern of inter-relations does not appear as viable and appropriate. INTUNE project survey (2009) shows that the media elite’s influence in the national decision making process is significantly higher in Lithuania than, for instance, in Germany or Hungary.Key words: populism, communicative democracy, mass-media ownership, public sphere, public trust
Žurnalisto ir žurnalistikos situacija šiuolaikinės žiniasklaidos sistemoje
Get PDFVilnius University, Small Hall, 2009 11 05
In 2009, the Vilnius University Institute of Journalism held a scholarly conference marking 60 years of journalism education. The event gathered researchers and lecturers to reflect on the evolving identity of journalists, challenges of media ethics, the scientific development of journalism, and the growing political influence of the media. Presentations addressed the role of journalism in shaping public discourse, the ethical use of language, and media responsibility in democratic societies. Particular attention was given to the media’s political agency and its potential to initiate or influence social processes. The conference reinforced the importance of university education in journalism as a foundation for ethical thinking and critical public communication.Vilniaus universitetas, Vilniaus universitetas, Mažoji aula, 2009 11 05
Vilniaus universiteto Žurnalistikos institutas 2009 m. surengė mokslinę konferenciją, skirtą 60-osioms žurnalistikos studijų metinėms. Konferencijoje pristatyti įvairūs pranešimai, nagrinėjantys žurnalisto tapatybės kaitą, profesinės etikos problemas, žurnalistikos kaip mokslo kryptis bei žiniasklaidos politinę galią. Dalyviai diskutavo apie žurnalisto vaidmenį visuomenėje, spaudos kalbos etiką ir žiniasklaidos atsakomybę, kylančią dėl jos gebėjimo formuoti viešąją nuomonę. Ypatingas dėmesys skirtas santykiui tarp žurnalistikos ir politikos bei žiniasklaidos galimybėms daryti įtaką socialiniams procesams. Konferencija pabrėžė žurnalistikos studijų reikšmę kritinio mąstymo, etikos ir atsakomybės ugdymui
University journalism study programme in the context of higher education and science reform
Get PDFThe reform of higher education and science in Lithuania has brought new challenges: study programmes will have to be restructured according to new laws and it will be necessary to improve what has already been created. Therefore, the prospects for the discipline of journalism studies should be explored in the context of higher education and science reforms in Lithuania, withthe main focus on the following aspects:1) How to understand the aims and tasks of university schools of journalism in our modern networking society (original participation in the network of schools);2) How to achieve quality in university schools and their studies (how and what research programmes should be supported and implemented);3) What is the future of university studies, considering university or universities traditions, resources, and the needs of both graduates and the market.
Keywords: history and changes in journalism studies, higher education and science reform, media research, university studies, creative communication, political communication, and freedom of the press
Learning global journalism: A course on journalism on developing countries in Africa and the Finnish freelance journalism market
Get PDFA group of Finnish journalism students travelled to Zambia, Africa in November 2007. The field trip was a culmination for a course in journalism on developing countries. The starting points reflected the practices and models of the research-based approach to learning. The role of the students was twofold: they were students as well as journalists. The aims were, to deepen the students’ understanding of current issues in developing countries, their visibility and treatment in the media and of actors in development cooperation and to produce journalism on developing countries for the domestic media. In this article, first, the students’ views on what they consider as good journalism on developing countries, based on the observations they made during their trip, is analysed. Secondly, the students’ experiences on what they learned about journalism practices on developing countries during their writing processes are analysed, and also their observations on the ideals and practices of freelance journalism when selling their own stories. The data analysed includes participant-observation from the field trip in Zambia and qualitative research interviews conducted with the students after the trip. The article highlights the importance of students’ own role in directing their field work, involving goal setting, questioning and self-evaluation of the knowledge gained. It also sheds light on how research and experience-based learning in a developing country and an unfamiliar culture can contribute to a comprehensive way of learning. In this case alternative ideas how issues about developing countries could be evaluated and represented in western local and national media
Intercultural issues in the Norwegian journalism curriculum
Get PDFThis study looks into Norwegian journalism curricula and how and to what degree they focus on intercultural issues. The web pages to six different schools are analyzed to see how the objectives are formulated, and how the curricula are composed. The six schools are Oslo University College, Volda University College, Bodø University College, University of Stavanger, Gimlekollen Schoolof Journalism and Communication and University of Bergen. The findings suggest that the schools emphasize educating for practical journalistic skills on behalf of in-depth analysis of contemporary society. Oslo University College and Gimlekollen School of Journalism and Communication focus on intercultural communication and global issues to a larger extent than the others. Based on the results, the study discussed some perspectives that might be needed to equip Norwegian future journalists for a global reality, where there are no longer given and fixed skills for a journalist.
Keywords: journalism education, curriculum, intercultural, global, ethnicity,Norway.
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Multicultural and multidisciplinary courses in communication online – why on earth?
Get PDFIn my article, I reflect the pedagogical challenges and potentials of internationalization, multiculturalism, multidisciplinary and the usage of ICT in higher education. I focus on online courses arranged by the Finnish University Network for Communication Sciences, which has cooperated in arranging multicultural and multidisciplinary online courses for several years. I start by reviewing several recent transition lines in university cultures. Next, I introduce the network’s courses in more detail and discuss the challenges and possibilities of this kind of education. Finally, I argue that despite all the major challenges of multicultural and multidisciplinary online courses, students can learn not merely interesting and current topics but also useful skills needed in both academic and working life. For instance, the ability to meet, recognize and negotiate differences is undoubtedly an essential competence in the globalized world.
Keywords: online courses, higher education, networks, cooperation, multiculturalism,multidisciplinarity.
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Journalism teaching and experiential learning
Get PDFTV-journalism can never be thought successfully entirely on a theoretical basis. The students must experience the professions challenges and difficulties by exercising and experiencing the TV-journalistic methods, TV-tools and TVaesthetics in practice in order to achieve skills within TV-journalism. The article discusses how Kolb’s learning circle successfully provides a pedagogic approach in practical journalism learning and teaching. Kolb experiential learning theory says that ideally the learning process represents a learning cycle or spiral where the learner touches four bases in process, that means a cycle of experiencing, reflecting, thinking, and acting. Kolb describes four different learning styles or learning preferences. This refers to four different ways of experiencing the learning process. Every learner has a preference to learn in different ways andthe learning circle offers the learners to fulfil the learning process no matter what starting point the learner prefers. This approach focuses on journalism training as growing a person from the inside, whereas conventional teaching and training is the transfer of capability into a person from the outside.
Keywords: coaching, conventional learning, David A. Kolb, Experience Based Learning Systems, Experiential Learning Theory, International TV-program, journalism studies, learning cycle, learning process, pedagogical approach, TV-journalism.
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