Faculty of Public Health Journal Universitas Indonesia
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Analisis Kualitas dan Kuantitas Tenaga Keperawatan Terhadap Persepsi Insiden Keselamatan Pasien di RS X Jakarta Tahun 2015
Get PDFABSTRAK Keselamatan Pasien (Patient Safety) telah menjadi issue yang sangat penting dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Setiap orang ingin mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang aman dan bebas dari cedera yang tidak diinginkan. Melalui penelitian ini, dianalisis kualitas dan kuantitas tenaga perawat terhadap persepsi insiden keselamatan pasien di Rumah Sakit X. Studi dilakukan pada 44 orang perawat dan bidan dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel pengetahuan, pendidikan, kemudahan penggunaan alat,kerjasama tim,pengalaman bekerja, disiplin dan jumlah tenaga perawat terhadap insiden keselamatan pasien. ABSTRACT Patient safety has become a very important issue in health care. Everyone wants to get health care that is safe and free from unwanted injuries. Through this study, analyzed the quality and quantity of nurse perceptions of patient safety incidents in the hospital X. The study was conducted on 44 nurses and midwives using cross sectional design to examine the relationship between the variables of knowledge, education, ease of use tools, work experience, discipline and the number of nurses on patient safety incidents.
Analisis Kebutuhan Tenaga Perawat Unit Pelayanan Intensif Berdasarkan Beban Kerja dan Kompetensi di Unit Pelayanan Intensif Rumah Sakit Dr Oen Solo Baru Tahun 2015
Get PDFABSTRAK Perawat, sebagai SDM tenaga kesehatan memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit dalam hal pelayanan langsung kepada pasien. Pelayanan keperawatan Unit Pelayanan Intensif merupakan pelayanan keperawatan yang saat ini perlu untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia, sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi dibidang perawatan intensif. Oleh karena itu, demi efisiensi kebutuhan tenaga dan kompetensi perawat Unit Pelayanan Intensif perlu dikonsentrasikan. Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisa kebutuhan tenaga keperawatan di Unit Pelayanan Intensif RS dr Oen Solo Baru berdasarkan beban kerja (menggunakan time and motion study kepada 7 perawat kemudian diolah dengan Metode Ilyas) dan kompetensi kerja berdasarkan Aditama 2007 dan Ilyas (depth interview kepada tiga informan dengan fokus kepada pengetahuan seputar pekerjaan , keterampilan dan sikap ). Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan waktu produktif sebesar 81.56 %, beban kerja 6.88 jam/shift, belum memenuhi standard an kompetensi yang ada, dan dibutuhkan 51 perawat. ABSTRACT Nurses, as human resources for health also contribute greatly to the health services in hospitals and to provide services directly to patients. Nursing services at Intensive Care Unit has to be developed along with the technology development. Therefore, there is a need to concern the effieciency of nurses in term of quantity and competencies. This research discussed about the needs analysis nursing staff in the Intensive Care Unit of dr. Oen Solo Baru Hospital based on workload (using time and motion technique to 7 nurses then processed by Ilyas Methods) and work competencies based on Aditama 2007 and Ilyas (depth interview to three informants with a focus on job knowledge, skills and attitudes). Results of this research show that productive time amounted to 81.56%, the lack of standards and competencies, and it need 51 nurses.
Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Laparoskopik Herniotomy dan Open Herniotomy pada Pasien Hernia Inguinalis Unilateral di Rumah Sakit Gading Pluit Jakarta Utara Tahun 2014
Get PDFABSTRAK Tesis ini merupakan suatu evaluasi ekonomi dengan metode kuantitatif dan desain penelitian cross sectional, bersifat observational dengan melakukan studi perbandingan (comparative study) antara 2 teknik pembedahan herniotomy. Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas biaya antara pasien yang menjalani teknik Laparoskopik Herniotomy dengan pasien yang menjalani teknik Open Herniotomy pada pasien hernia inguinalis. Penelitian ini menggunakan perhitungan Activity Based Costing dengan simple distribution untuk mendapatkan total cost lalu dibandingkan dengan output, sehingga didapatkan Cost Effectiveness Ratio (CER). Nilai CER kemudian dibandingkan dan mana yang lebih kecil adalah yang lebih efektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik Open Herniotomy menghasilkan nilai CER yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan teknik Laparoskopik Herniotomy. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik Open Herniotomy lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan teknik Laparoskopik Herniotomy. ABSTRACT This thesis is an economic evaluation with a cross sectional quantitative method design, observational and using comparative studies between two herniotomy techniques. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the cost effectiveness between patients with Laparoscopic Herniotomy and patients with Open Herniotomy of the inguinal hernia. This research is using Activity Based Costing with simple distribution to achieve total cost and then compared with the output, therefore cost effectiveness ratio (CER) is achieved. The CER is then compared to understand which is the lesser cost therefore is more effective. The research result shows that Open Herniotomy gives a smaller CER than the Laparoscopic Herniotomy. Therefore it is found that Open Herniotomy is more effective compared with Laparoscopic Herniotomy.
Pengaruh Citra Tubuh, Perilaku Makan, dan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) pada Remaja: Studi Kasus pada SMA Negeri 12 DKI Jakarta
Get PDFLatar Belakang. Pemahaman citra tubuh yang keliru tentang “kurus itu indah” menjadi idaman bagi remaja puteri. Hal ini sering menjadi penyebab masalah, karena untuk memelihara kelangsingan tubuhnya dan ketakutan menjadi gemuk mendorong remaja untuk menerapkan pembatasan makanan yang berlebihan, sehingga kebutuhan gizinya tidak terpenuhi yang nantinya akan berakibat terjadinya kurang gizi.Tujuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh citra tubuh terhadap perilaku makan dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) pada siswi SMA Negeri 12 Jakarta Timur kelas X dan XI tahun 2014.Metode. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2014 dengan desain cross sectional, sampel penelitian adalah 238 siswi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur.Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapatnya pengaruh citra tubuh terhadap IMT melalui perilaku makan dan aktivitas fisik, membuktikan bahwa citra tubuh tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap IMT, namun masih harus dilihat bagaimana perilaku makan serta aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh responden
Analisis Pelayanan Kemoterapi Peserta Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial di Rawat Singkat Anyelir Rumah Sakit Kanker “Dharmais” dengan Metode Lean Tahun 2015
Get PDFABSTRAK Rumah Sakit Kanker “Dharmais” (RSKD) sebagai pusat rujukan penanganan penyakit kanker nasional di Indonesia, mulai menerapkan Lean Management dalam rencana strategi 5 tahun periode 2015-2019. RSKD menyusun agenda perubahan proses bisnis internal, salah satunya dengan proyek mengatasi waktu tunggu pelayanan kemoterapi peserta Badan Penyelenggaran Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) khususnya di ruang rawat singkat Anyelir (One Day Care). Value Stream Mapping digunakan untuk memperlihatkan situasi serta mengidentifikasi kegiatan yang Value Added dan yang Non-Value Added berdasarkan perspektif pasien. Dengan usulan perbaikan, Projected Value Perfomance memperlihatkan peningkatan efisiensi aktifitas pasien hingga 43,1%, memangkas waktu hingga 48%, dan jarak tempuh hingga 71,8% dalam sehari. ABSTRACT Rumah Sakit Kanker “Dharmais” (RSKD) as a cancer referral centers nationwide in Indonesia, trying to implement a culture of continuous improvement. Lean methods provide analytical approach to the problem of organizing the queue chemotherapy participant of Badan Penyelenggaran Jaminan Sosial (BPJS), particularly in Anyelir ward (One Day Care). Cross-functional Flowchart, Value Stream Mapping, Fishbone diagram, and 5 Why's were used to show the situation and identify activities that Value Added and Non-Value Added based on the patient's perspective. With the proposed improvements, Projected Value Perfomance showed increased activity efficiency up to 43,1%, save the time up to 48%, and cut the mileage up to 71.8% of one patient in a day.
The Influence of Exclusive Breastfeeding to Emotional Development of Children Aged 48-60 Months
Get PDFImpaired emotional development is a problem faced by children and this can negatively impact on function, development and readiness of their school. Exclusive breastfeeding is able to meet brain development needs that affect child development. This study aimed to determine correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and emotional development of children aged 48-60 months. This study used historical cohort.The subjects of this study were 7-12-month old infants living in area of Borobudur Primary Health Care Primary Health Care, Central Java Province, Indonesia in 2011-2012. Independent variable of exclusive breastfeeding was when infants received only breast milk without any supplementary food or drink including water since birth until the age of 6 months. Data were obtained from medical records of children. The emotional development was assessed directly by using questionnaires on emotional and mentalproblems. Data analysis used cox regression. This study found that provision of exclusive breast milk was evidently correlated with child’s emotional development. Infants who did not receive exclusive breastfeeding had 2.96 higher risk of having abnormal emotional development than infants who received exclusive breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding greatly influences emotional development of the child
Hubungan Faktor Risiko Ergonomi dan Keluhan Cumulative Trauma Disorders pada Dokter Gigi di PT. X Tahun 2014
Get PDFABSTRAK Pekerjaan dokter gigi berisiko tehadap timbulnya keluhan Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjelaskan faktor risiko ergonomi dan keluhan CTDs pada Dokter Gigi. Metode yang digunakan adalah desain Cross Sectional dengan besar sampel 44 orang dokter gigi di RS dan Klinik X. RULA dan MB Ruler dipakai untuk membantu melakukan penilaian terhadap postur kerja yaitu penilaian yang dilakukan pada lengan atas, lengan bawah, pergelangan tangan, leher, batang tubuh dan kaki. Hasil telitian mendapatkan dokter gigi yang mengeluhkan CTDs sebanyak 72,7%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara durasi dan timbulnya keluhan CTDs (p=0,045). Serta antara kebiasaan olahraga dengan timbulnya keluhan CTDs (p=0,045). Berolahraga rutin, memperbaiki posisi kerja secara ergonomis dapat dilakukan dalam rangka mencegah CTDs. ABSTRACT Dentist’s works have kind of risks related with Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs). This research’s aim is to explain ergonomic factors and CTDs that happens to dentist. Cross sectional method is used in this research along with 44 dentis in hospitals and cliniques X as samples. The usage of RULA and MB Ruler in this research is supported the researcher to assess the work’s postures on the upper arm, forearm, wrist, neck, torso and leg.The study found that dentists who complained of CTDs as much as 72.7%. Bivariate analysis showed a relationship between the duration and the incidence of complaints CTDs (p = 0.045),and between exercise habits with the onset of complaints CTDs (p = 0.045). Exercising regularly, improving ergonomic working position can be done in order to prevent CTDs
Exclusive Breastfeeding Intention among Pregnant Women
Get PDFExclusive breastfeeding intention is a mother’s intention to provide her baby only breast milk since the infant was born until at the age of 6 months. Intention in prenatal period is the direct affirmation of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to find out the most dominant factor related to exclusive breastfeeding intention among pregnant women at a mother and child hospital in South Tangerang. A cross-sectional study design was conducted primarily. The samples were 143 pregnant women on their third trimester pregnancy selected by purposive sampling. Intention was measured by the Infant Feeding Intention scalequestionnaire. Meanwhile, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were measured by the modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the multivariate logistic regression analysis. It was 61.5% mother had strong exclusive breastfeeding intention. Perceived behavioral control dominantly influenced the exclusive breastfeeding intention (p value = 0.007; Odds Ratio 3.030; 95% CI = 1.361-6.746). The other factors influencing intention were attitude, exposure to exclusive breastfeeding from social media, health workers’ support, previous breastfeeding experienceand mothers’ occupation. A mother with high perceived behavioral control has three times more likely to have ‘high exclusive breastfeeding intention’ than those having the low ones.AbstrakIntensi pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah intensi ibu untuk memberikan hanya ASI pada bayinya sejak dilahirkan hingga berusia enam bulan. Intensi pada periode prenatal merupakan penentu langsung pemberian ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor paling dominan berhubungan dengan intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu hamil di sebuah rumah sakit ibu dan anak di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang dilakukan secara primer. Sampel berjumlah 143 ibu hamil trimester ketiga dipilih secara purposive sampling. Intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif diukur menggunakankuesioner the Infant Feeding Intentions scale. Sedangkan sikap, norma subjektif dan persepsi kontrol perilaku dinilai menggunakan modifikasi kuesioner Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistik ganda. Sebanyak 61,5% ibu memiliki intensi kuat memberikan ASI eksklusif. Persepsi kontrol perilaku paling dominan berhubungan dengan intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif, (p=0,007; Odds Ratio 3,030; 95% CI 1,361-6,746). Faktor lainnya yang berhubungan dengan intensi adalah sikap, keterpaparan ibu terhadap ASI eksklusif dari media sosial, dukungan tenaga kesehatan, pengalaman menyusui sebelumnya, dan pekerjaan ibu dengan persepsi kontrol perilaku tinggi berpeluang tiga kali lebih besar memiliki ‘intensitinggi’ untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu berpersepsi kontrol perilaku rendah
Adolescents' Attitude toward HIV/AIDS Prevention in Yogyakarta
Get PDFAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the second leading cause of death in adolescent groups in the world. In Indonesia, the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescents increases annually. Yogyakarta, well-known as the education city, has the highest number of HIV/AIDS cases in the productive age group of 20–29 years old, which means that they have been already infected with HIV since teen age. This study aimed to determine influential factors that affect adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. The study was an analytic survey research with a cross-sectional design. Stratified random sampling was applied to select a sample size of 128 respondents of class XI at Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta Senior High School in 2017. Data were taken by using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression. Theresults revealed that most of the respondents received information on HIV/AIDS from media (47.7%), have a good knowledge level (82%), and support the prevention of HIV/AIDS (96.9%). The source of information and knowledge level had a statistically significant relation with adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Knowledge level is the most influential factor to adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention (p value = 0.006, PR = 1.199; 95% confidence interval = 1052–1367)
AN ANALYSIS ON NON-SPECIALIST OUTPATIENT REFERRALS AT BEJI AND DEPOK JAYA HEALTH CENTERS IN 2018
Get PDFAbstract. The Health Social Security Agency (BPJS kesehatan) is one of the government’s efforts to provide quality healthcare for the people. To guarantee its quality and maintain efficiency, a tiered referral system is used. However, there were many problems in its implementation. One of the ways to investigate is to evaluate the non-specialist outpatient referrals (RRNS). Therefore, in March-July 2018, this research was performed in order to analyze whether the system was implemented at Beji and Depok Jaya Health Center. The method used was the qualitative research method, with primary data from in-depth interviews and secondary data from documents. It was discovered that both Centers had optimal RRNS ratios (0%). This was because the doctors at both Centers has provided referrals as indicated and there was feedback on the RRNS total. The civil servant (PNS) doctors at both centers were experienced and skillful, but the number of doctors was insufficient compared to their workload. The non-PNS doctors also were not sufficiently trained. Other problems include insufficient equipment and medication provision. Abstrak. Badan penyelenggara jaminan sosial (BPJS) kesehatan adalah salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu bagi rakyatnya. Untuk menjamin kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan sekaligus menjaga efisiensi, maka diterapkan sistem rujukan berjenjang. Tetapi ini mengalami berbagai permasalahan dalam penerapannya. Untuk melihat apa permasalahannya dapat dilihat dari rasio rujukan rawat jalan non-spesialistik (RRNS). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menganalisis apakah sistem tersebut berjalan di Puskesmas Beji dan Puskesmas Depok Jaya pada bulan Maret-Juli 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan data primer berupa wawancara mendalam dan data sekunder berupa telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Puskesmas Beji dan Puskesmas Depok Jaya memiliki rasio RRNS yang optimal (0%). Hal ini disebabkan karena dokter di kedua puskesmas memberikan rujukan sesuai indikasi dan terdapat feedback mengenai capaian RRNS. Selain itu, dokter PNS di Puskesmas Beji dan Puskesmas Depok Jaya merupakan dokter yang cukup berpengalaman dan terampil, walaupun jumlah dokter di kedua Puskesmas tidak sesuai dengan beban kerjanya. Dokter non PNS juga belum menerima pelatihan yang memadai. Selain itu, peralatan yang tersedia masih kurang lengkap. Obat di kedua puskesmas cukup lengkap namun terkadang terjadi kekosongan obat