Faculty of Public Health Journal Universitas Indonesia
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Pengembangan Media sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Peran Siswa terhadap Pencegahan COVID 19
Get PDFLatar Belakang: Ada 140 sekolah di Jawa Tengah yang akan dilibatkan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar secara langsung di masa pandemi virus korona. MTs Al Mina sudah mulai uji coba sekolah tatap muka pada tanggal 5 April 2021. Dikawatirkan pembelajaran tatap muka ini membuat lengah untuk menerapkan protocol Kesehatan.Tujuan: Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan remaja terlatih dengan cara membekali pengetahuan dan ketrampilan untuk mempromosikan pencegahan COVID 19 melalui pembuatan media.Metode: Metode yang akan dilaksanakan dalam pengabdian ini yaitu metode participatory action research dimana mitra MTs Al Mina Bandungan beserta tim FIK Universitas Negeri Semarang secara bersama-sama menentukan jenis kegiatan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan di lapangan. Kegiatan disusun berdasarkan hasil analisis situasi awal yang disesuaikan dengan permasalahan dan potensi yang ada di mitra.Hasil: Rata-rata pengetahuan remaja sebelum dan sesudah informasi terjadi peningkatan. Rata-rata nilai pengetahuan remaja sebelum intervensi adalah 42,37 sedangkan pengetahuan remaja setelah intervensi adalah 83,8.Simpulan: Kegiatan pengabdian bagi Masyarakat sudah dilakukan berupa mendistribusikan flyer pada masyarakat dan memasang poster. Dari hasil diskusi dengan Camat Bandungan, pengelola pondok kepala sekolah SMK Al Mina, dan perwakilan masyarakat, mulai dari awal koordinasi dan selama pelaksanaan pengabdian, mereka sangat mengharapkan bisa berkontribusi dalam upaya pencegahan COVID-19 melalui pembuatan flyer dan poster mengenai pencegahan COVID 19
KASERIA dan Upgrading Kader sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Hygiene Sanitasi dan Pengetahuan Masyarakat di Kabupaten Bogor
Get PDFLatar Belakang: Berdasarkan data dari Kemenkes RI pada tahun 2014, penyakit dapat ditularkan melalui makanan (foodborne disease) dan diare karena penularan lewat air (waterborne disease) diperkirakan menyebabkan 2 juta kematian setiap tahunnya. Penyakit ini umumnya bersifat toksik maupun infeksius, disebabkan oleh agen penyakit yang masuk ke dalam tubuh melalui konsumsi makanan yang sudah terkontaminasi.Tujuan: Meningkatkan hygiene sanitasi makanan di kantin sekolah SD Negeri Babakan Madang 01 Kabupaten Bogor serta meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait posbindu khususnya terhadap lansia.Metode: Melakukan analisis situasi, prioritas masalah, pengembangan instrumen, dan survei determinan penyebab rendahnya perilaku hygiene dan sanitasi. Pelaksanaan intervensi dilakukan kepada masyarakat di Desa Babakan Madang dengan pemberian poster dan video simulasi. Kemudian dilakukan penilaian melalui post-test untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat setelah dilakukan intervensi.Hasil: Rendahnya perilaku hygiene dan sanitasi di Desa Babakan Madang disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat terhadap pentingnya menerapkan PHBS dan meningkatkan sanitasi lingkungan, terutama makanan. Setelah dilakukan kegiatan intervensi, diberikan penilaian melalui post-test untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat Desa Babakan Madang.Simpulan: Berdasarkan penilaian melalui post-test kepada 33 responden setelah kegiatan intervensi, diperoleh peningkatan skor pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat terhadap pentingnya hygiene dan sanitasi makanan untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan
Perilaku Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan Covid-19
Get PDFPendahuluan: Coronavirus jenis baru ditemukan pada manusia dan diberi nama Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2), serta menyebabkan penyakit Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) (Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2020). Menurut data harian, Desa Sumur Batu tergolong zona merah (terdapat lebih 5 rumah dalam satu RT yang memiliki kasus konfirmasi positif) sejak tanggal 24 Juni 2021. Tercatat per tanggal 22 Juli 2021, total kasus positif COVID-19 sebanyak 56 kasus, dengan kasus aktif 18 orang, sembuh 37 orang dan meninggal 1 orang. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan pada Pengalaman Belajar Lapangan kali ini adalah observasional dengan desain studi yang digunakan pada studi ini adalah desain cross sectional. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan skor rata-rata responden sebelum dilakukan intervensi adalah 82,33 dengan standar deviasi 16,54. Sedangkan skor rata-rata responden setelah dilakukan intervensi adalah 91,67 dengan standar deviasi 12,88. Maka dari itu, dapat diketahui bahwa skor rata-rata responden meningkat sebesar 9,34 Kesimpulan: Dari kegiatan ini didapatkan bahwa hasil penelitian pada 30 orang responden Desa Sumur Batu, menunjukkan 43,33% termasuk kedalam kategori perilaku yang buruk dalam menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Nilai p-value pada hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan metode chi square, dapat diketahui bahwa tidak ada satupun variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan perilaku penerapan protokol kesehatan. Acknowledgments: Peneliti berterima kasih kepada Direktorat Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (DPPM) UI yang telah memberikan dukungan pendanaan sehingga penelitian ini bisa terselesaikan.Kata Kunci: Coronavirus, Protokol Kesehatan, Desa Tanggu
Analisis Faktor Socioeconomic Status (SES) Terhadap Kesehatan Mental: Gejala Depresi di Indonesia
Get PDFAbstrakMenurut World Federation Mental Health, 1 dari 5 orang di dunia mengalami gangguan mental. Menurut beberapa studi yang sudah dilakukan, salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah faktor status sosial ekonomi yang masih rendah di negara-negara berkembang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh faktor status sosial ekonomi terhadap gangguan mental gejala depresi yang ada di salah satu negara berkembang yaitu Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif berbasis data sekunder yang diambil dari data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) gelombang 5 menggunakan kuesioner CESD-R 10 untuk variabel gejala depresi. Variabel Gejala Depresi yang didapat dari IFLS 5 terlebih dahulu diolah menggunakan rasch model lalu seluruh variabel diolah menggunakan metode regresi logistik. Hasilnya, faktor status sosial ekonomi berkorelasi negatif dan memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap gangguan mental gejala depresi di Indonesia. Artinya status sosial ekonomi yang dimiliki dalam hal ini mencangkup pendidikan, kekayaan, dan status pekerjaan, memiliki pengaruh terhadap seseorang tersebut mengalami gejala depresi. AbstractAccording to the World Federation of Mental Health, 1 of 5 people in the world experiences a mental disorder. Several studies have mentioned that one of the primary factors that cause mental disorders is the low of socioeconomic status in developing countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the influence of socioeconomic status factors on depressive symptoms as a mental disorder, in one of the developing countries, Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative method based on secondary data taken from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) wave 5 using the CESD-R 10 questionnaire for depressive symptom variables. Depression symptom variables obtained from IFLS 5 were first processed using the Rasch Model, then all variables were processed using the logistic regression method. As a result, the socioeconomic status factors are negatively correlated and have a significant influence on depressive symptoms in Indonesia, which means that socioeconomic status, in this case including the education, wealth, and work status, affects a person experiencing depressive symptoms.
The Psychological and Sleep-Related Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review
Get PDFThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a global impact on mental health and sleeps quality that is unprecedented in the 21st century. This systematic review aimed to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 and its effect on people’s sleep. Systematic searches were conducted via PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest from 2019 to August 2020, following PRISMA guidelines. Articles were selected based on eligibility criteria such as having a cross-sectional study design, assessing the general public’s mental health status or sleep problems, medical workers and non-medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and using standardized and validated scales for measurement. The keywords: COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 AND Mental health OR Psychological health AND General population OR General public AND sleep AND Impact of Coronavirus disease 2019. A total of 23 articles were selected after being assessed. During the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical workers were found to have psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, stress, PTSD, psychological distress, somatization symptoms, suicidal ideation, high risk of severe mental illness, worry, and insomnia. Non-medical workers experienced symptoms of depression. The general public experienced psychological problems: depression, anxiety, stress, bad mood, inability to stop thinking about COVID-19, panic, and experiencing sleep problems such as changing sleep patterns, sleep disturbances, sleep quality, difficulty with sleep initiation, and shortened sleep duration. The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with psychological problems and sleep disorders for medical workers, non-medical workers, and the general public
Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Solar Radiation Exposure and COVID-19 Cases in Jakarta 2020
Get PDFTo date, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a threat to public health systems around the world. As of July 25, 2021, the numbers were still increasing in most countries, and the total confirmed cases reached 194,582,750 with 4,171,672 deaths (CFR 2.1%). In Indonesia, 3,166,505 cases were reported with 83,279 deaths (CFR 2.7%) in all provinces and dominated by cases from Jakarta. Therefore, this study aimed to find a correlation and the duration of solar radiation exposure spatially on the pattern of COVID-19 cases. An ecological design was used based on time and place with the integration of geographic information systems and statistical techniques. The correlation test results between solar radiation exposure and COVID-19 cases in Jakarta showed a significant relationship (p = 0.000) with a strong closeness and positive pattern (r = 0.666). Furthermore, the spatial map overlaying solar radiation exposure and COVID-19 cases showed urban villages with high radiation tend to increase in cases earlier than areas with moderate and low. The differences in geographical and temporal conditions are a concern for the Provincial Health Office. This can be a consideration in strengthening more specific prevention and control programs according to the risk level and characteristics of each region
Accelerating the Provision of Safe Water Supply in Urban and Rural Areas of Indonesia
Get PDFOver the past 100 years, the provision of a safe water supply to drink in Indonesia has been slowly progressed with low coverage. The majority of the population does not have access to safe water. Morbidity and mortality of water-related diseases, including diarrhea, are very high. The provision of safe water is not a technological issue but good water management that comprises content, institutional, and communication layer. This paper provided information for strategic and operational decisions to accelerate the provision of safe water services in urban and rural areas. Benchmarking good water management with the characteristics of the water supply location is required to improve the health status of the population, mainly the poor urban and rural areas with limited resources, including time and cost
Are We Passing on Violence to the Next Generation?: Gender Norms and Gender-based Violence Attitudes among Early Adolescents in Indonesia
Get PDFIntensification of gender norms during puberty affects adolescents’ perceptions and behavior related to violence. This study examined the association between gender norms and gender-based violence (GBV) among early adolescents considering socio-ecological variables using cross-sectional data from 3,618 Indonesian Global Early Adolescent Study pupils. Chi square tests with simple and multiple logistic regression analyses examined how different factors' levels predict GBV. Among boys, GBV attitudes were found high (53%). Furthermore, they also had high heteronormative expectations, threatened feelings, experiences of violence, porn access, and 5+ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Logistic regression results revealed that adolescent boys having one or two scores of gender norms at the above-median are 1.3 times more likely to commit GBV and even 2.2 times higher if all were above median [AOR (CI) = 1.3(1.1-1.6); 2.2 (1.7 2.8)], respectively. Boys, having 5+ ACEs, and stronger endorsement on heteronormative relationships were also more likely to commit GBV [AOR (CI) = 1.5 (1.3-1.7); 1.5 (1.2-1.9); 1.5 (1.3-1.7)], respectively. This research concluded that unequal gender norms intensified during puberty strongly correlate to attitudes towards GBV among early adolescents. Strengthening the individual aspects by providing a more conducive environment, such as comprehensive sexual education at school, is essential to prevent GBV
Analysis Implementation of COVID-19 Prevention Policy for Disability in Social Institution (Case Study: Jakarta Capital City)
Get PDFOne of the most vulnerable groups in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation is people with disabilities. People with disabilities generally have more health care needs, both standard needs and needs related to the disorders/limitations they have. As part of human beings and citizens of Indonesia, constitutionally persons with disabilities have the same rights and position before the law and government. This study aims to analyze the implementation of COVID-19 prevention policies at the social institutions for disability in Jakarta Capital City, provide information about the implementation, find out the obstacles, and recommend policymakers in the prevention of COVID-19 in social institutions with disabilities. This study used an exploratory study design with a rapid assessment survey approach, uses a secondary data analysis method which is supported by interviewing stakeholders at the Social Institutions in Jakarta Capital City that handle disabilities. The results of this study conclude that the overall implementation has been going well. The socialization and coordination process related to the COVID-19 prevention policy at the Social Institution for Disabilities in Jakarta Capital City has gone well among fellow officers but has communication barriers with residents.One of the most vulnerable groups in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation is people with disabilities. Generally, people with disabilities have more healthcare needs, both everyday needs and needs related to the disorders/limitations. As part of human beings and citizens of Indonesia, constitutionally, people with disabilities have the same rights and position before the law and government. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of COVID-19 prevention policies at the social institutions for disability in Jakarta Capital City, provide information about the implementation, find out the obstacles, and recommend policymakers to prevent COVID-19 in social institutions with disabilities. This study used an exploratory study design with a rapid assessment survey approach, using a secondary data analysis method supported by interviewing stakeholders at the Social Institutions in Jakarta Capital City handling disabilities. The results of this study concluded that the overall implementation has been going well. The socialization and coordination process related to the COVID-19 prevention policy at the Social Institution for Disabilities in Jakarta Capital City has gone well among fellow officers but has communication barriers with residents
Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) sebagai Determinan Terjadinya ISPA pada Balita Analisis SDKI Tahun 2017
Get PDFInfeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) yaitu penyakit infeksi yang secara umum ada pada anak usia balita. ISPA diartikan sebagai penyakit saluran pernapasan akut yang disebabkan oleh agen infeksius yang menularkan diantara manusia. ISPA merupakan faktor morbidtas dan mortalitas utama pada Balita. Faktor risiko terjadinya ISPA pada balita salah satunya yaitu BBLR. Jenis penelitan dalam penelitian ini adalah korelasional. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional dengan analisis cox regression dan hasil ukur Risk ratio (RR). Populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 17.848 responden dan sampel yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian sebanyak 13.113 responden. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei – Juli 2020. Variabel pada penelitian ini meliputi umur balita, jenis kelamin, pendidikan ibu dan ayah, pekerjaan ibu dan ayah, status merokok ibu dan ayah, status imunisasi, pemberian ASI, pemberian vitamin A, tempat tinggal, tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga dan jumlah balita dalam keluarga. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan hubungan signifikan BBLR tehadap kejadian ISPA pada balita usia 0 - 59 bulan dengan pvalue 0,046 dan nilai RR adjusted 1,14 kali (95% CI 1,00 - 1,31) setelah dikontrol oleh variable jenis kelamin, usia bayi, tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga, pekerjaan ibu dan imunisasi. Penelitian ini ditemukan adanya hubungan signifikan BBLR terhadap ISPA setelah dikontrol oleh variabel confounding jenis kelamin, tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga, pekerjaan ibu dan imunisasi. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya informasi dari tenaga kesehatan bahwa nutrisi ibu saat hamil penting untuk mencegah bayi terlahir BBLR disertai pemberian imunisasi lengkap pada balita untuk mencegah balita mengalami ISPA