Faculty of Public Health Journal Universitas Indonesia
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Susceptibility Antibiotics of Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19
Get PDFUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant issue in women of all ages, but they are especially common during pregnancy. Co-infection of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with UTIs in pregnant females is a hot topic today, as it may be linked to various conditions. Furthermore, understanding the types of bacteria that cause UTIs and related antimicrobial resistance may aid the clinician in selecting the appropriate empirical treatment. This study aimed to isolate and characterize causative agents of UTIs and determine antimicrobial treatment sensitivity patterns among pregnant women diagnosed with the COVID-19 admitted to Teaching Hospital X in Iraq. Antimicrobial drug resistance testing was performed on 42 mid-stream urine samples that had been prepared for culture. Escherichia coli (18/42.85%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9/21.45%), Streptococcus galactica (7/16.66%), and Proteus mirabilis (4/9.52%) were the bacteria isolated and diagnosed from pregnant women. The infections Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the least common (2/4.7). In conclusion, the isolated uro-pathogens showed high resistance to Gentamicin, Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone and sensitive to Ampicillin and Nitrofurantoin. The common cause of UTIs among pregnant women infected with the COVID-19 was discovered to be E. coli. Before recommending therapy, culture and sensitivity testing of isolates from urine tests should be conducted on a regular basis
Perspectives on Reproductive Health Education among Javanese Parents
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the perspectives of reproductive health education among Javanese parents of children aged 9-11 years. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 12,306 parents in Semarang City, Central Java Province, Indonesia, using a purposive sampling technique. Some parents agreed that reproductive health education at home was unnecessary (29.5%), taboo (45%), difficult (73.1%), and awkward (41.5%). Most parents (72.7%) were not transparent in providing reproductive health information to their children by using other terms to name the genitals, considering the politeness aspect. Good practices of providing reproductive health information are slightly more common in mothers (54.2%), unemployed parents (52.9%), those with a higher education level (69.5%), and those with a family income above the regional minimum wage (59.8%). As many as 76.9% of parents intensely monitor their children; however, 60.63% of parents have poor communications with their children. Parents believe that reproductive health information is essential for their children, but parents find the topic difficult with their children due to taboos and awkward feelings. Accordingly, the Indonesian Ministry of Health should empower parents to discuss reproductive health issues with their children openly
Analisis Faktor Risiko Ergonomi Terhadap Keluhan Gangguan Muskuloskeletal pada Pekerja UMKM Pengrajin Alas Kaki di Kecamatan Ciomas
Get PDFAktivitas pekerjaan pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) pengrajin alas kaki antara lain melakukan pekerjaan dengan posisi duduk membungkuk, leher menekuk, serta dalam waktu kerja yang lama dan tidak menentu dapat menimbilkan nyeri yang mengarah pada kondisi keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko individu, faktor risiko pekerjaan, faktor risiko lingkungan kerja, dan faktor risiko peralatan kerja terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja UMKM pengrajin alas kaki di Kecamatan Ciomas. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 84,7% responden mengalami keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Pada beberapa faktor risiko yang diteliti, secara statistik hanya terdapat hubungan antara faktor risiko individu perilaku merokok terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada bahu serta terdapat hubungan antara faktor risiko pekerjaan tingkat pajanan risiko punggung terhadap keluhan gangguan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada leher. Pada pengukuran peralatan kerja, yaitu workstation, hanya terdapat beberapa workstation yang sesuai dengan standar antropometri yaitu meja open pada UMKM 4, 5, dan 8, mesin jahit, dan meja finishing pada UMKM 8
Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Personal dan Faktor Organisasi terhadap Perilaku Tidak Selamat pada Pekerja Konstruksi
Get PDFIndustri konstruksi merupakan salah satu sektor yang terdapat bahaya yang besar dan risiko cukup tinggi sehingga memungkinkan terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Penelitian ini diilakukan agar dapat mengetahui pengaruh faktor risiko individu dan organisasi terhadap perilaku tidak aman atau substandart action pada pekerja konstruksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi yang bersifat cross sectional. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data antara lain kuesioner dan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei – Juli 2021diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 165 responden proyek pembangunan stadion sport centre Banten. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa usia memiliki pengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap perilaku tidak aman, sedangkan tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman kerja diproyek bersangkutan, rata-rata jam kerja mingguan, motivasi keselamatan, dan faktor organisasi memiliki pengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan terhadap perilaku tidak aman. Dan pengetahuan keselamatan, psychological capital (efikasi diri, harapan, ketahanan, dan optimisme) memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku tidak aman. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengendalian dan intervensi untuk meminimalisir perilaku tidak aman atau (substandart action)
ANALYSIS OF PROLANIS POLICY IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN 2021
Get PDFData from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 shows that Diabetes and Hypertension dominate chronic diseases. The Director of BPJS Kesehatan has issued Circular No. 14 of 2020 concerning health services for national health insurance participants during the COVID-19 prevention period, especially Prolanis. The policy contains an appeal to postpone the provision of services in the form of mass gathering activities such as Prolanis Gymnastics, Club Education, and and other activities. Hence, this research is needed to describe the implementation of Prolanis policies during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study used a descriptive research design with qualitative methods and George C. Edward III's theory of policy implementation model. The number of informants is 11 people. The data collection is done using observation, in-depth interviews, and document review. The study was conducted in May-June 2022 at the Krui Health Center, Pesisir Barat Regency, Lampung Province. The findings show that Prolanis activities, which were stopped during the COVID-19 Pandemic, resulted in uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes in the participants. There are also many Prolanis implementing officers and supervisors who are not aware of Circular 14 of 2020. This transmission failure resulted in implementing the policy not fully running correctly
DESCRIPTION STUDY OF PANDEGLANG COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE ON NATURAL DISASTERS AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES RELATED TO NATURAL DISASTER PREPAREDNESS IN 2022
Get PDFPandeglang Regency, which is a disaster-prone area, requires people who have sufficient knowledge to create community preparedness in dealing with disasters and can assist in the disaster mitigation process. This study aims to find out how the community's knowledge and community preparedness related to natural disasters and what efforts have been made by the government to improve the readiness of the people of Pandeglang Regency. This research method is descriptive and quantitative with 451 respondents. The results of the study showed that the people of Pandeglang Regency still did not know correctly the different types of threats or types of disasters that occurred, 59% of respondents were on standby to prepare their emergency items, but there were still many people who did not keep essential telephone numbers needed in an emergency, the community Pandeglang Regency prefers information sources through electronic media, this is supported by the demographic factor of the Pandeglang Regency population, the majority of which are aged 30 to 49 years or generation X, who are still not familiar with the development of internet technology
Gambaran Faktor Psikososial dan Distress pada Guru Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) di Kota Depok saat Pandemi COVID-19 Tahun 2022
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran faktor psikososial dan distress pada guru SLB di Kota Depok saat pandemi COVID-19 tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan pendekatan semi kuantitatif melalui pengisian kuesioner dan wawancara. Sejumlah 67 guru SLB di Kota Depok berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 34,3% guru mengalami distress sedang dan 16,4% guru mengalami distress signifikan. Kemudian, ditemukan bahwa distress lebih banyak dialami oleh guru perempuan (52,7%), berumur > 30 tahun (52,4%), berasal dari program studi non-PLB (52,5%), tidak memiliki tipe kepribadian A (66,6%), memiliki masa kerja > 10 tahun (60%), sudah menikah (59,5%), memiliki anak (64,9%), memiliki dukungan sosial buruk dari keluarga (89,3%), memiliki beban kerja tinggi (61,8%), memiliki peralatan kerja buruk (63,9%), memiliki jam kerja buruk (64,3%), memiliki konflik peran tinggi (73,7%), memiliki ambiguitas peran tinggi (76,2%), memiliki kontrol pekerjaan buruk (81,4%), memiliki dukungan sosial yang buruk dari atasan dan rekan kerja (81,4%), memiliki konflik antara pekerjaan dan rumah yang tinggi (86,2%), jarang melakukan hobi (66,7%), dan memiliki ketakutan berat terhadap infeksi COVID-19 (71,4%)
BIAYA PENGOBATAN PASIEN RAWAT INAP COVID-19 DI RUMAH SAKIT X TAHUN 2021
Get PDFPandemi COVID-19 telah menyebabkan berbagai rumah sakit di dunia mengalami kesulitan dalam memberikan pelayanan karena jumlah pasien melonjak dengan waktu singkat. Pandemi yang meluas dengan mortalitas yang tinggi di berbagai belahan negara mengakibatkan rawat inap pasien karena penyakit COVID-19 menjadi tinggi sehingga biaya perawatannya pun mengalami peningkatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis biaya pengobatan COVID-19 pasien rawat inap Rumah Sakit X. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang berasal dari data INA-CBGs dan rekam medis sebanyak 1,196 sampel dalam periode Agustus 2020 sampai dengan April 2021. Uji statistik menggunakan Mann Whitney Test, Kruskal Wallis Test dan Spearman Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biaya rata-rata pengobatan pasien rawat inap COVID-19 di RS X adalah Rp 43,595,339.94. Selisih biaya riil pengobatan pasien rawat inap COVID-19 dengan biaya klaim sebesar positif Rp. 48,622,313.07. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan biaya pengobatan pasien rawat inap COVID19 di RS X adalah usia lanjut (> 60 tahun), jenis kelamin laki-laki, tingkat pendidikan perguruan tinggi, tingkat keparahan dengan gejala sedang, memiliki penyakit penyerta, lama rawat, status keluar dengan sembuh, Dokter Penanggung Jawab Pasien (DPJP) adalah spesialis paru dan kolaborasi dokter > 3 dokter
Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Taking Metformin and Metformin-Sulfonylurea
Get PDFThe most prescribed antidiabetic drugs in Indonesian primary health care are metformin or a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea. Studies on metformin have shown various impacts on cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas sulfonylurea has been shown to reduce this impact. This study aimed to compare the impacts of metformin and metformin-sulfonylurea on cognitive function and determine what factors affected it. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Pasar Minggu Primary Health Care involving 142 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients taking metformin or metformin-sulfonylurea for > 6 months and aged > 36 years. Cognitive function was assessed using the validated Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version. The effects of metformin and metformin-sulfonylurea on cognitive decline showed no significant difference, even after controlling for covariates (aOR = 1.096; 95% CI = 0.523–2.297; p-value = 0.808). Multivariate analysis showed age (OR = 4.131; 95% CI = 1.271–13.428; p-value = 0.018) and education (OR = 2.746; 95% CI = 1.196–6.305; p-value = 0.017) affected cognitive function. Since a lower education and older age are likely to cause cognitive decline, health professionals are encouraged to work with public health experts to address these risk factors for cognitive function
Medication Adherence and Self-Management Practices among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Jeli District, Kelantan, Malaysia
Get PDFThis study was carried out to investigate the level of medication adherence and diabetic knowledge among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jeli District, Kelantan, Malaysia. This cross-sectional study was done from February to July 2019 by giving a questionnaire to 150 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 40-80 years at three primary health cares in Jeli District, Kelantan, Malaysia. The quantitative descriptive method was used in this study. The findings of this study revealed that knowledge was significantly related to poor adherence. When sex, history of diabetes, and education were accounted for, patients with low diabetic knowledge had an odds ratio of 4.53 for poor adherence compared to those with high knowledge (adj 95% CI (1.92-10.69), p-value = 0.001). To achieve the goal of regulating diabetes management in primary health care, a clinical supervision program should be implemented to improve staff competence in diabetes management and to empower patients through self-management