Faculty of Public Health Journal Universitas Indonesia
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The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Stress on Reproductive-Age Women's Menstrual Cycle Regularity
Get PDFIntense stress resulting from major life events can affect women's menstrual cycle. The current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, impacting various sectors, is considered a major form of stress. During May-November 2020, some women in Iraq have experienced menstrual disruptions, which can happen whether they get infected with the COVID-19 or simply deals with pandemic-induced stress. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic-induced stress on menstrual cycle regularity of reproductive-age women. This study used an observational cross-sectional design conducted in Iraq from May to November 2020. A sample of 500 reproductive-age women filled out an online questionnaire about their menstrual records and psychological stress levels using a Perceived Stress Scale-10 for three months during the pandemic. A comparison between menstrual cycle irregularity and stress levels before and during the pandemic was done with a p-value of <0.05 and statistically significant. It was found that 47.72% of women had irregular menstrual cycles and high perceived stress scales during the pandemic compared to 20.94% with irregular cycles and high-stress levels before the pandemic. In brief, the high-stress level induced by the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with the irregular menstrual cycle in the sampled reproductive-age women
Predictors of Anxiety toward COVID-19 Delta Variant: A Cross- Sectional Study among Healthcare Providers in Java and Bali, Indonesia
Get PDFHealth facilities are experiencing overcapacity, oxygen scarcity, and a limited number of healthcare providers due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), thus impacted on anxiety. This study aimed to determine predictors of anxiety among healthcare providers toward the Delta variant of COVID-19 in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 371 healthcare providers in Java and Bali Islands, and the snowball sampling technique was used. Data were collected using a questionnaire and distributed through social media (WhatsApp), then analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis (Chi-square test), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). The results showed that 81 (21.8%) respondents experienced anxiety. The workplace (AOR: = 0.617; p-value = 0.011), a history of confirmed positive for COVID-19 (AOR = 2.965; p-value<0.001), and the respondent's comorbidities (AOR = 8.753; p-value<0.001) were significantly associated with anxiety toward the Delta variant. Healthcare managers must regularly evaluate the psychological condition of their subordinates during the COVID-19 pandemic so that anxiety can be detected and overcome early through constructive self-adaptation and positive coping mechanisms.
Analisis Hubungan Faktor Fisik dan Psikososial terhadap Keluhan Gangguan Otot Tulang Rangka Akibat Kerja pada Guru SMK Negeri di Kota Pekanbaru
Get PDFGangguan otot tulang rangka akibat kerja (gotrak) menjadi salah satu permasalahan kesehatan kerja yang paling sering terjadi dan dialami oleh pekerja, termasuk guru. Tuntutan kerja yang banyak dan bervariasi serta postur tubuh yang janggal menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang paling sering dialami. Selain itu, karakteristik individu juga menjadi faktor risiko dalam peningkatan keluhan tersebut. Sehingga, tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ialah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik individu, faktor risiko fisik, dan faktor risiko psikososial terhadap keluhan gotrak pada guru SMK Negeri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Juli 2021 dengan menggunakan berbagai kuesioner, yaitu lembar NMQ, QEC, dan kombinasi kuesioner psikososial. Desain studi cross-sectional digunakan pada penelitian ini dan melibatkan 100 guru dari tiga SMK Negeri di Kota Pekanbaru. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat tiga variabel yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan, yaitu: tingkat risiko pada pergelangan/tangan yang tinggi dan kendali terhadap pekerjaan yang rendah dengan keluhan pada leher serta dukungan sosial yang rendah dengan keluhan pada bahu. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengendalian dan intervensi lebih lanjut untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut
Gambaran Faktor Psikososial dan Gejala Stres Kerja pada Karyawan Kantor Proyek Pembangunan X Tahun 2021
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi pekerja terhadap faktor psikososial konteks dan konten pekerjaan serta mengetahui gejala stres kerja yang dikeluhkan karyawan. Variabel dependen adalah gejala stres kerja (fisik, psikologis, kognitif, dan perilaku), sedangkan variabel independen adalah faktor karakteristik individu (usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, masa kerja, dan tipe kepribadian), faktor psikososial konteks pekerjaan dan kontek pekerjaan. Desain penelitian cross sectional, pengambilan data kuesioner via daring dan melibatkan seluruh karyawan sebanyak 51 orang. Analisis univariat menggunakan perangkat lunak komputer. Persepsi faktor psikososial mengacu pada skor rata-rata, 1,00-3,00 tergolong buruk dan 3,01-5,00 tergolong baik. Hasil mendapatkan faktor psikososial konteks pekerjaan yang dipersepsikan buruk yaitu pengambilan keputusan/kontrol (2,92) dan hubungan rumah-kantor (2,34), sedangkan faktor psikososial konten pekerjaan yang dipersepsikan buruk yaitu lingkungan kerja (2,21), beban kerja/ritme kerja (2,63), dan jadwal kerja (2,03). Kategori stres mengacu pada skor rata-rata, 1,00-2,33 tergolong ringan, 2,34-3,67 sedang, dan 3,68-5,00 tinggi. Gejala stres kerja fisik, psikologis, kognitif, dan perilaku termasuk dalam kategori ringan dengan skor 2,14; 2,22; 2,33; 2,0 secara berurutan dan gejala yang tergolong sedang-tinggi dialami oleh 33,3%, 47,1%, 45,1%, dan 36,3% secara berurutan. Secara keseluruhan, faktor psikososial di kantor proyek pembangunan X tergolong buruk dengan keluhan gejala stres kerja ringan
The Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Sumatra
Get PDFIn light of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs being implemented worldwide, this study aimed to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance survey in Indonesia conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG), and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), published in November 2020. It was found that Sumatra Island having lower COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates, with Aceh Province displaying the lowest level of vaccine acceptance. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted, and a logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Out of 368 respondents who participated in the survey, 143 (38.9%) accepted the vaccine, and 225 (61.1%) refused it. Vaccine safety concerns constituted the most reported reason for refusal (43.6%). This study also found that province of residence and basic immunization status were determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Sumatra. Concerns regarding vaccine safety might be the reason for the low level of vaccination in Sumatra. Increased education and encouragement from healthcare professionals and regional authority figures can alleviate public concerns and improve vaccine acceptance
Comparative Analysis of Routine Immunization Policy During COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia, India, and Pakistan
Get PDFImmunization is one of the most important components in primary health services. the COVID-19 pandemic has quickly impacted so many public services sectors in almost every country, especially the health sector. WHO and UNICEF have concluded that at least 80 millions of children under one risked to get exposed to diphtheria, measles, and polio as the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease of routine immunization coverage during COVID-19 pandemic has also experienced by Indonesia, India and Pakistan which are included on the list of 10 countries with the highest number of total unimmunized and partial immunized children. The purpose of the study is to find out the differences in the policy of routine immunization programs in Indonesia, India and Pakistan in terms of policy actors, policy context, policy process, and policy content. The method used is literature review from several sources such as books, national and international journals, as well as relevant government regulations and policies related to routine immunization programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature study shows that the three countries have some similarities of the policy actors, policy context and policy process. The only difference is the policy content in which the policy in the form of technical guidance by the Indonesian government is more detailed, comprehensive and structured than the other two countries
Effect of Health and Nutrition Education on Blood Pressure, Knowledge and Compliance among Hypertensive Patients in Bogor District, Indonesia: A Control Quasi-Experiment
Get PDFAbstractWith a high prevalence of hypertension (25.8% in 2013 and 34.1% in 2018), Indonesia currently deals with a tremendous health economic burden with the implementation of National Health Insurance (JKN). Hypertension is known to lead to severe complications and productivity loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of health and nutrition education on blood pressure knowledge and compliance among hypertension patients. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months in Bogor District. A total of 179 patients (64%) completed the study (intervention n = 88, control n = 91). Compared to the control group, patients in the intervention group showed a significant improvement of knowledge and compliance (p < 0.001), yet no significant difference of blood pressure was observed. However, there was a significant mean reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure between baseline and end-line by around 17mmHg and 8 mmHg, respectively by the intervention group. In conclusion, health education over 6 months was related to significant improvement in blood pressure knowledge and compliance of hypertension patients. Keywords: hypertension patients, health and nutrition education, blood pressure, knowledge, compliance AbstrakDengan tingginya prevalensi hipertensi (25.8% dan 34.1% pada tahun 2013 dan 2018), Indonesia saat ini menghadapi beban ekonomi Kesehatan yang besar dengan diimplementasikannya Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Hal ini disebabkan hipertensi dapat menyebabkan beragam komplikasi kesehatan yang serius dan penurunan produktivitas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh edukasi gizi dan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan, kepatuhan, dan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi selama 6 bulan pada sebanyak 179 pasien (64%) yang berhasil menyelesaikan rangkaian studi ini (jumlah subjek pada kelompok intervensi = 88 dan jumlah subyek kelompok kontrol = 91). Dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, penderita hipertensi pada kelompok intervensi menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan yang signifikan (p<0.001), meski tidak ditemukan perbedaan tekanan darah antara kedua kelompok. Meskipun demikian, studi ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik antara baseline dan endline masing-masing berkisar 17 mmHg dan 8 mmHg. Sebagai kesimpulan, edukasi kesehatan berkaitan dengan peningkatan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pasien yang signifikan, meski dibutuhkan waktu yang lebih panjang untuk mengobservasi perbedaan tekanan darah antara kedua kelompok. Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, edukasi gizi dan kesehatan, tekanan darah, pengetahuan, kepatuha
Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Its Potential Health Implications in Indonesia
Get PDFThe broad availability of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the Indonesian market is increasing consumption. It, combined with escalating incidence and prevalence of diabetes and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and the ongoing debate on policies, has called for a comprehensive review as described in this study. Data was compiled from various sources but mainly gathered from the reported or published documents because of no direct access to the necessary data set. The lack of studies that assessed the direct relationship between SSB consumption and health outcomes in the Indonesian context also became a strong reason for the preparation of this review to highlight important points for further research, academic reviews, and debates on empiric policies to control sugar consumption at the population level. Sociocultural factors were an apparent and crucial determinant of the sweetness preferences of mainstream Indonesians. They were not capitalized in the available documents and should be embraced in future health promotional measures. Given the high contribution of carbohydrates and sugar to total energy intake in the Indonesian diet, it is pertinent to control the increasing trend of SSBs consumption through interventions on both the supply and demand sides
Increased Thyroid Hormone Levels in Pesticide Sprayer at Agricultural Area
Get PDFPesticides used massively in the agricultural sector would cause many poisoning and serious health problems. Organophosphate pesticides have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This study aimed to compare thyroid hormone levels between the sprayers chronically exposed to pesticides and the control respondents who had never been exposed to pesticides. This study was an analytical observational with a cross-sectional design. The total number of respondents was 150, 50 as sprayers and 100 as control respondents. The venous blood samples were examined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The findings significantly showed that the sprayer had a higher level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (4.776 ± 1.1166), lower triiodothyronine (T3) (108.822 ± 18.810), and lower thyroxine (T4) (7.808 ± 1.067). Determinant factors among sprayers that significantly correlated to TSH levels was age (p-value = 0.006); work duration (p-value = 0.000); personal protection equipment (PPE) (p-value = 0.045); body position (p-value = 0.014); type of pesticides (p-value = 0.004), correlated with T3 levels was age (p-value = 0.037); body position (p-value = 0.045), correlated with T4 levels was age (p-value = 0.000); PPE (p-value = 0.045). It could be concluded that chronic organophosphate exposure would increase TSH and decrease T3 and T4
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and Health Workers Retention at Remote Primary Health Care: Case Study from Nusantara Sehat Team-based Program
Get PDFThe Nusantara Sehat Team (NST), established in 2015 and consist of multi-professional health workers, implemented to provide comprehensive services at remote primary health cares (PHCs) for two years. This study aimed to explore how the NST leverages the Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) and its impact on the future career prospects of health workers. Using a qualitative approach, the information was gathered from 48 informants drawn from the current 30 NST recruits and 18 alumni through semi-structured interviews. Of these 48, 20 were clinical practitioners, while the rest were non-clinical health workers. The findings revealed several challenges in promoting collaborative practice, including the community's high demand for curative services, the unclear division of tasks among the NST and local PHC staff, and inadequate health facility support. The curriculum of IPC was yet to be included in the pre-service education and in-service training before NST, allowing the staff to enter the workplace and collaborate, especially in the backward areas. The institutional support through macro and meso policies has yet to enable collaborative-practice ready workers adequately. Other factors such as personal values, family expectations, gender roles, and career sustainability also affected the retention of personnel in the NST