Repository of Croatian Defence Academy "Dr. Franjo Tuđman"
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The Role of Artillery in Peace Support Operations
No full textOperacije potpore miru ne povezuju se često sa rodom „Topništvo“, a upravo ono je neizostavan
dio svake operacije. Topništvo u svojoj prirodi služi kao vatrena potpora, izravna ili neizravna,
svakoj operaciji. Iako mirovne misije ili operacije ne koriste često oružje u ostvarivanju, odnosno
održavanju mira, novo doba i novi zahtjevi stavili su puno više pritiska i zadaća na same
izvođače mirovnih misija/ operacija/ aktivnosti. U ovim novim okolnostima ponekad je nužno
oružano djelovati, a svako djelovanje zahtjeva i vatrenu potporu koju najčešće ostvaruje ili
topništvo ili zračne snage. S obzirom na to da topništvo može djelovati u svim vremenskim
uvjetima pokazalo se kao vrlo dobar obnašatelj dužnosti vatrene potpore ostalim snagama na
terenu. Velike su mogućnosti koje samo topništvo pruža, a zahtjevi mirovnih aktivnosti upravo
traže takve. Također, samo prisustvo topništva na terenu učiniti će te snage očigledno jakim, a
sama takva pojava vjerojatno će smanjiti mogućnost oružanih sukoba.Peace support operations are not often associated with "Artillery", but it is an indispensable part
of every operation. Artillery by its very nature serves as fire support, direct or indirect, to any
operation. Although peacekeeping missions or operations do not often use weapons in achieving
or maintaining peace, the new age and new requirements have put much more pressure and tasks
on the performers of peacekeeping missions/operations/activities. In these new circumstances,
armed action is sometimes necessary and any action requires fire support, which is usually
provided by artillery or the air force. Given that the artillery can operate in all weather
conditions, it proved to be a very good fire support for other forces in the field. The possibilities
offered by artillery alone are great, and the demands of peacekeeping activities demand just
such. Also, the mere presence of artillery in the field will make these forces apparently strong,
and such an appearance alone is likely to reduce the possibility of armed conflict
The Abuse of Intelligence Systems in Totalitarian and Democratic State Systems
No full textU ovom radu, kroz nekoliko primjera, obrađen je kompleksan pojam zlouporabe obavještajnih
sustava u demokratskim i totalitarnim državnim uređenjima. Prvo je opisana uloga i funkcija
obavještajnih službi u funkcioniranju države, te neka njihova općenita podjela, a zatim je opisan
glavni oblik zlouporabe obajveštajnih sustava, a to je politizacija tih institucija. Nakon toga su
definirani totalitarni, autokratski i demokratski sustavi kao okvir za navođenje primjera
zlouporabe, od kojih su dva primjera za totalitarna uređenja, a dva za demokratska. Kroz
primjere jugoslavenske UDBE i njezinog obračuna sa hrvatskom političkom emigracijom i kroz
primjer djelovanja tadašnje rumunjske službe Securitate pod Ceaușescuom prikazani su oblici
zlouporabe u totalitarnim uređenjima. Primjer uloge službe Aman u izraelskoj obavještajnoj
zajednici i državnoj politici te slučaj Edwarda Snowdena i NSA poslužili su kao primjeri za
zlouprabu u demokratskim sustavima.In this paper, through several examples, a complex term of the abuse of intelligence systems in
totalitarian and democratic state systems has been defined. Firstly, the role and function of
intelligence services in the functioning of the state and their types are described, and then the
main type of abuse of intelligence systems is described and that is the politicization of those
institutions. After that, totalitarian, autocratic and democratic systems are defined as a
framework for giving examples of abuse, of which two are examples for totalitarian regimes, and
two for democratic ones. Through the example of Yugoslav UDBA and its dealing with Croatian
political emigration and the example of through the example of the activities of the then
Romanian service Securitate under Ceaușescu, forms of abuse in totalitarian arrangements are
shown. The example of the role of the Aman service in the Israeli intelligence community and
state policy and the case of Edward Snowden and the NSA served as examples of abuse in
democratic systems
The Spanish Civil War: A Factor of Ideology in International Politics
No full textTema rada je analiza utjecaja dviju izrazito novih ideologija (naci-fašistička i komunistička) na
međunarodnoj sceni, točnije u Španjolskoj. Nakon toga navode se unutarnji politički problemi,
ali i uzroci koji su doveli do građanskog rata, te sličnosti i razlike s podjelama na međunarodnoj
sceni. Analizira se kako su nacistička Njemačka i Sovjetski Savez upleli svoje ideologije u taj
sukob kako bi iskoristili „španjolsko bojište“ za dokazivanje svoje ideološke i vojne nadmoći.
Također, opisivat će se strukturalni razlozi koji su donijeli prednost nacionalističkoj strani i
slijevanju dragovoljaca iz inozemstva.The topic of the thesis is the analysis of the influence of two distinctly new ideologies (nazifascist and communist) on the international scene, more precisely in Spain. After that, internal
political problems are mentioned, as well as the causes that led to the civil war, as well as
similarities and differences with divisions on international scene. How nazi Germany and the
Soviet Union implicated their ideologies in this conflict in order to use the „Spanish front “to
prove their ideological but also military superiority. It will also describe the structural reasons
that favored the nationalist side and the influx of volunteers from abroad
Offensive Operations of an Infantry Company - Organization, Purpose, and Goal of Action
No full textU ovom radu opisuju se napadne operacije pješačke satnije te organizacija, svrha i cilj djelovanja
napadnih operacija. Napisan je kratak pregled povijesti pješačkih postrojbi. Opisani su temeljni
koncepti napadnih operacija. Detaljno je prikazan ustroj pješačke satnije u američkoj i u
hrvatskoj vojsci. Pojašnjene su temeljne zadaće, djelovanje i aktivnosti pješačkih satnija u
raznim uvjetima i okruženjima, satnijske sposobnosti, ograničenja i organizacija. Uspoređene su
vrste napadnih operacija. Prikazana je misija i borbena moć satnije te opisano djelovanje satnije
u situaciji bliske borbe. Postavljen je i riješen taktički problem u obliku primjera konkretnog
napada jedne pješačke satnije, u kojem se pronalazi krajnji cilj i rezultat ovog rada.This work describes the offensive operations of the infantry company and the organization,
purpose and goal of the offensive operations. A brief overview of the history of infantry units
was written. The basic concepts of offensive operations are described. The structure of the
infantry company in the American and Croatian armies is presented in detail. The basic tasks,
activities and activities of infantry companies in various conditions and environments, company
capabilities, constraints and organizations are explained. The types of offensive operations were
compared. The mission and combat power of the company are presented, and the activities of the
company in a situation of close combat are described. A tactical problem was set and solved in
the form of an example of a concrete attack by an infantry company in which the ultimate goal
and result of this work is found
Contemporary Command and Control (C2) Systems
No full textZavršni rad bavi se tematikom suvremenih sustava zapovijedanja i nadzora koji se koriste u
modernim vojskama diljem svijeta. Prvi dio rada pobliže govori o procesu donošenja vojne
odluke koji je usko vezan uz samo zapovijedanje i nadzor te o funkcijama i vrstama zapovjednog
mjesta. Središnji dio detaljnije se bavi zapovjednim mjestima, posebice njegovom organizacijom
te operacijama koji se u njemu provode. Završni dio pobliže analizira jedan suvremeni sustav
zapovijedanja i nadzora, sustav 9LAND te pruža i zaključak koji je ujedno i kratki sažetak svih
ključnih informacija iznesenih u završnom radu i mjesto za autorova osobna promišljanja o
budućnosti razvoja i uporabe sustava zapovijedanja i nadzora u vojskama zapadnih zemalja.The final paper deals with the topic of modern C2 systems, i.e. command and control systems
used in modern armies around the world. The first part of the paper talks in more detail about the
military decision-making process that is closely related to command and control, and the
functions and types of command posts. The central part focuses more closely on the command
posts, especially its organization and the operations carried out in it. The final part analyzes a
modern C2 system, 9LAND, and provides a conclusion that is at the same time a brief summary
of all key information presented in the final paper, and a place for the author's personal
reflections on the future development and use of C2 systems in Western armies
Influence of the Cross-section of a Reinforced Concrete Column on the Damage Caused by a Cumulative Explosive Charge
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu su prikazani tipovi eksploziva, načini na koje se postavljaju i postupak
pripreme eksplozivnih naboja za provedbu rušenja armirano betonskih stupova kvadratnog i
pravokutnog poprečnog presjeka, zatim je provedena analiza rušenja armirano betonskih stupova
te su uspoređeni rezultati stupova kvadratnog i pravokutnog poprečnog presjeka. Kroz ispitivanje
učinka različitih vrsta eksplozivnih naboja na armirano betonske stupove uspoređeni su
kumulativni i vanjski eksplozivni naboj. Ispitivanja su provedena u istim vremenskim uvjetima,
što podrazumijeva tlak, temperaturu i utjecaj atmosferilija. Učinak eksplozivnih naboja je
utvrđen uz pomoć nerazornih metoda ispitivanja što uključuje vizualni pregled, određivanje
tlačne čvrstoće, određivanje brzine ultrazvuka i ispitivanje električne otpornosti. Nerazorne
metode ispitivanja su provedene na svim armirano betonskim stupovima prije i nakon detonacije
eksplozivnih naboja, a lokacija provedbe je bila vojni poligon Cerovac.This master's thesis presents various types of explosives, the ways in which they are mounted
and the procedure for preparing the explosive charges for the demolition of reinforced concrete
piers, followed by the analysis of the demolition of the reinforced concrete piers and the
comparison of the results of the piers of square and rectangular cross sections. Cumulative and
external explosive charges were compared by examining the effect of different types of
explosive charges on reinforced concrete piers. The tests were conducted in the same weather
conditions, which implies pressure, temperature and the influence of the atmosphere. The effect
of explosive charges was determined using non-destructive testing methods which include visual
inspection, determination of compressive strength, determination of ultrasonic velocity and
electrical resistance testing. Non-destructive testing methods were conducted on all reinforced
concrete piers before and after the detonation of the explosive charges, and the location of the
testing was the military training ground Cerovac
The Development and Application of Airborne Infantry During the Second World War and Their Use During the Battle of Crete in 1941
No full textDiplomski rad će prikazati povijesni razvoj zračno desantnog pješaštva od međuratnog razdoblja,
kroz početne sukobe za vrijeme Drugog Svjetskog rata sve do Njemačke invazije otoke Krete
1941. godine. U sklopu rada će se identificirati i analizirati razlike zračno desantnog pješaštva od
konvencionalnog pješaštva tog doba, te će se usporediti pristup u korištenim taktikama i
sredstvima sa težištem na Njemačke oružane snage tog vremena. Konačni cilj je analizirati
načine na koji se zračno desantno pješaštvo primijenilo u Bitki za Kretu koristeći ranije
navedene elemente.The master thesis will review the historical origin of airborne infantry from the midwar period,
trough the initial conflicts during the Second World war up to the German invasion of the island
of Crete in 1941. The thesis will identify and analyze the differences between airborne infantry
and conventional infantry of that time, as well as compare the approach to the use of tactics and
resources with a focus on the German armed forces of that time. The final goal is to analyze the
ways airborne infantry was applied during the Battle of Crete using the aformentioned elements
Initial Validation of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory in a Military Setting
No full textThe military is a work environment in which the underrepresentation of women and
the presence of gender prejudices continue to exist. The present study validated the Ambivalent
Sexism Inventory (ASI) for the Croatian military population. To determine the ASI scale’s basic metric
characteristics, data were collected from a sample of 895 active-duty military personnel (445 men
and 450 women). The study results determined satisfactory measurement characteristics for the ASI
scale and confirmed the ambivalent sexism construct with its basic dimensions. Sexism in the military
environment was found to a moderately high degree, and gender differences were observed. Three
types of sexism endorsement were identified in both subsamples (egalitarian, moderate egalitarian
and traditional for women, and moderate egalitarian, traditional and hostile for men), with additional
differences detected in their socio–demographic and professional characteristics. The findings support
the apparent exposure of women to sexism in the military environment, and suggest the need to raise
awareness of the negative impact of gender prejudice on gender relations in the militar
Technological Procedures for Repair and Renewal of Artillery Parts
No full textU ovom radu opisani su tehnološki postupci u reparaturi i obnavljanju dijelova topničkog
naoružanja. U prvom dijelu rada analizirane su učestalosti i uzroci kvarova dijelova i
sklopova topničkog naoružanja te su pomnije razloženi teorijski pokazatelji stanja opreme te
značaj samog trenja i trošenja. Nadalje od tehnoloških postupaka detaljnije je razjašnjeno
zavarivanje, navarivanje i brušenje. Na praktičnom primjeru prikazana je reparatura
odabranih dijelova sa minobacača 82 mm M69 te su u zadnjem poglavlju predstavljene
preventivne aktivnosti održavanja.This paper describes technological procedures in the reparation and restoration of the artillery
weapons parts. In the first part of the paper, the frequency and causes of failures of parts and
assemblies of artillery weapons were analyzed, and the theoretical indicators of the condition
of the equipment and the importance of friction and wearing were explained more detailed. In
addition to the technological procedures, welding, surfacing and grinding are explained more
detailed. A practical example shows the reparation of selected parts from the 82 mm M69
mortar, and preventive maintenance activities are presented in the last chapter
Penetration Testing of Military Oriented Web Applications Using the Kali Linux Tool
No full textPenetracijsko testiranje je standardni način provjere sigurnosti web aplikacija gdje se
pronalaženjem ranjivosti sustava neke web aplikacije nastoji zadobiti pristup najviše razine.
Takvim načinom se pronalaze ranjivosti koje se, nakon njihovog detektiranja, saniraju. U tom
procesu se koriste standardizirane procedure testiranja nekog sustava web aplikacije na
potencijalne ranjivosti. Uz procedure, koriste se i različiti alati koji olakšavaju provođenje
testiranja.
No, kako je pojam web aplikacije sveprisutan u današnjem svijetu, iste se koriste u domenama
različitim od civilstva. Jedna takva domena rada je vojna unutar koje se također koriste određene
web aplikacije kako bi olakšale svakodnevan rad vojnih djelatnika. Stoga je sigurnost istih
također od velike važnosti.Penetration testing is a standard way to check the security of web applications where finding
vulnerabilities in a web application's system seeks to gain top-level access. In this way,
vulnerabilities that are found are remedied after their detection. This process uses standardized
procedures to test a web application system for possible vulnerabilities. In addition to
procedures, various tools are used to facilitate testing.
But as the term web application is ubiquitous in today’s world, it is also used in domains other
than civilians. One such domain of work is the military, which also uses certain web applications
that can facilitate the daily work of military personnel. Therefore, their safety is also of great
importance