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    Influence of the Cross-section of a Reinforced Concrete Column on the Damage Caused by an Internal Explosive Charge

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    U okviru ovog diplomskog rada ispitan je utjecaj geometrije na oštećenja i promjenu svojstava armiranobetonskih stupova prilikom djelovanja unutarnjeg eksplozivnog naboja. Za potrebe eksperimentalnog istraživanja analizirana su dva poprečna presjeka stupa; kvadratni i pravokutni, sa približno jednakom količinom armature i betona. Ispitan je učinak unutarnjeg eksplozivnog naboja na armiranobetonske stupove različitih geometrija, a zatim je uspoređen sa stupovima iste geometrije na koje je postavljen vanjski eksplozivni naboj. Da bi se dobili podaci provedeno je rušenje na vv „Cerovac“ u sklopu vježbe rušenje elemenata i materijala. Prije i nakon rušenja koristile su se nerazorne metode mjerenja koje uključuju: vizualni pregled, ultrazvuk, određivanje tlačne čvrstoće i električne otpornosti armiranobetonskog stupa. Na temelju navedenih metoda utvrđena je ujednačenost kvalitete materijala prije i nakon rušenja. Na kraju je donesen zaključak o utjecaju poprečnog presjeka elementa i vrsti eksplozivnog djelovanja na učinke rušenja armiranobetonskih stupova.In this master’s thesis, the influence of geometry on damage and change of properties of reinforced concrete columns during the action of internal explosive charge was investigated. For the purposes of experimental research, two cross-sections of columns were analyzed; square and rectangular, with approximately the same amount of reinforcement and concrete. The effect of internal explosive charge on reinforced concrete columns of different geometries was examined and then compared with columns of the same geometry on which the external explosive charge was placed. The data were obtained by practical demolition of reinforced concrete piers at the military training area "Cerovac" within the exercise "Blasting of elements". Before and after the demolition, non-destructive measurement methods were used, including: visual inspection, ultrasound, determination of compressive strength and electrical resistance of the reinforced concrete column. Based on these methods, the uniformity of material quality before and after demolition was determined. Finally, a conclusion was drawn about the influence of the cross-section of the element and the type of explosive charge on reinforced concrete columns

    Optimizing Transport Network of the Logistic Support

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    U ovom radu opisana je struktura suvremene logističke infrastrukture Oružanih snaga Republike Hrvatske te transport logističke potpore kao glavnim sastavnim dijelom vojne organizacije. Definirana je i provedena analiza transportne mreže OS RH, te je na temelju dobivenih rezultata utvrđeno na koji način i kojim rutama transporta postoji značajna mogućnost smanjenja troškova koji se odnose isključivo na rute i troškove prijevoza unutar transportne mreže. Cilj Oružanih snaga je ušteda resursa u svim segmentima što uključuje i planiranje transportne mreže, s toga je cilj ovog rada ustanoviti postoji li mogućnost i na koji način je moguće postići upravo navedeno. Tijekom provođenja optimizacije i analize transportne mreže koristio se programski alat paketa MS Office, Solver, koji je postavljenim problemima ponudio optimalna rješenja.This paper describes the structure of modern logistics infrastructure of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia and the transport of logistics support as the main component of a military organization. An anlysis of the transport infrastructure of the CAF was defined and conducted and also based on the obtained results which generated in which way and by which transport routes there is a significant possibility of reducing costs related exclusively to routes and transport costs within the transport network. The goal of the Armed Forces is to save resources in all segments, which includes the planning of the transport network, so the aim of this paper is to establish whether there is a possibility and in which way it is possible to achieve just that. During the implementation of optimization and analysis of the network, the software tool of the MS Office package, Solver, offered some optimal solutions to the set problems

    September War or Battle for Šibenik in Homeland War

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    Svrha ovog završnog rada je upoznati širu populaciju s Rujanskim ratom. Rujanski rat još poznat kao Bitka za Šibenik, dio je Domovinskog rata koji se odvio na samom početku rata. Ova bitka je od iznimne važnosti za Republiku Hrvatsku jer je spriječila odsijecanje Srednje i Južne Dalmacije. U radu će se obraditi svi bitni detalji, strateška i taktička važnost te će pobliže biti razjašnjena geografska kompleksnost i neophodnost te mjere koje su se poduzele kako bi se neprijatelja natjeralo na povlačenje. Također, u radu će biti opisana sva ključna mjesta bez kojih obrana grada Šibenika ne bi bila realizirana. Ključna mjesta obrane grada nisu smještena uza sam grad, već se nalaze na širem području tog teritorija. Metode istraživanja koje će biti korištene u ovom radu su kompilacija na temelju proučavanja postojeće literature o temi rada te prikupljanje i obrada geografskih podataka. Cilj ovog završnog rada je ujediniti složenost geografskog područja Srednje Dalmacije i strategiju koja se do današnjeg dana proučava.The purpose of this final paper is to familiarize the broader audience with the September War. September War, also known as the Battle for Šibenik took place at the very beginning of Croatia's Homeland War. The battle is of vital importance for Croatia for it prevented the interception of Middle and South Dalmatia. The paper will explain strategic and tactical aspects, geographical complexity, and virtually every important detail which led to overall victory. Furthermore, the paper describes every key stronghold which enabled the successful defense of the city. The research methods that will be used in this paper are a compilation based on the study of existing literature on this subject matter and the collection and processing of geographic data. The focal point of the paper is to unite the geographical complexity of Middle Dalmatia and the strategy which is still in use today

    Preparation and Making of Operation Order (OPORD)

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    Završni rad na temu Priprema i izrada operativne zapovijedi (OPZAP/OPORD) je izrađen sa ciljem boljeg razumijevanja ključne dokumentacije vezane za proces vođenja postrojbi. Rad u sebi sadrži osnove alate za proces vođenja postrojbi, zadaće ključnog osoblja u procesu vođenja te bitne zapovijedi koje se tiču procesa vođenja i odlučivanja. Proces odlučivanja je usko vezan za proces vođenja te kao takav objedinjuje proces upravljanja postrojbom. Poznavanje zapovijedi od strane zapovjednika je ključan faktor u vojnom odlučivanju. Rad objedinjuje odgovore na teme kao što su procesi vođenja, sve do samoga kraja procesa odlučivanja, vrste zapovijedi i načini njihova stvaranja te na kraju primjer jedne operativne zapovijedi zapovjednika satnije. Primjer objedinjuje cijelu operativnu zapovijed zapovjednika satnije, zajedno sa prilogom C, koji daje grafički prikaz prostora operacije sa svim elementima i taktičkim zadaćama koje su navedene u operativnoj zapovijedi.The term paper on the topic of Preparation and making of operational order (OPZAP/OPORD) was made with the aim of better understanding the key documentation related to the process of unit management. The term paper contains the basic tools for leading process, the task of key personnel in the process of leading and important commands concering the process of leading and decision-making. The deciosion-making process is closely related to the management process, and it unites the unit managment process. Knowladge of orders by commanders is a key factor in military decision-making process. The paper brings together answers to the topics such as leadership process, all the way to the very end of the decision-making process, types of orders and ways of creating them, and finally an example of one of the company commander operational order. The example brings together the entire operational order of the comapany commander together with appendix C which is representing a graphical representation of the operation area with all the elements and tacitical tasks listed in the operational order

    Gearbox of the Main Batle Tank M-84

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    U radu je opisana transmisija glavnog borbenog tenka M-84 Oružanih snaga Republike Hrvatske koji je zasnovan na tenku T-72 sovjetske proizvodnje i pripada trećoj generaciji tenkova. Biti će opisane sve komponente transmisije te način rada transmisije uz pomoć 3D modela mjenjača stupnjeva prijenosa. Na kraju rada biti će provjereno kritično opterećenje transmisije s obzirom na dostupne podatke.The paper describes the transmission of the main battle tank M-84 of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia, which is based on the T-72, tank of Soviet production and is ranked as third generation tank. All components of the transmission will be described in this paper, as well as work of transmission, with the help of a 3D model of the gearbox. End of the paper, the critical load of the transmission will be examined based on available data

    The Roots and Rise of Greater Serbia Ideology

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    U ovom radu analiziran je povijesni razvoj velikosrpske ideje. Kroz Kosovski mit o Srbima kao izabranom nebeskom narodu i srpske ustanke dolazi do razvoja srpske nacije i nacionalne svijesti koja je pod Vukom Stefanovićem Karadžićem, Ilijom Garašaninom i ostatkom srpske intelektualne elite oblikovana u Memorandum Srpske akademije nauke i umetnosti, koja je udarila temelje režimu Slobodana Miloševića 90-ih godina prošlog stoljeća. Nakon smjene Miloševića, velikosrpska ideologija nastavlja svoj razvoj predvođena ekstremno desničarskim političkim strankama, Aleksandrom Vučićem i Srpskom pravoslavnom crkvom dokazujući da je velikosrpska koncepcija vodeća ideja suvremene srpske političke djelatnosti.This paper analyzes the historical development of the Greater Serbia idea. The Kosovo myth of the Serbs as the chosen heavenly people and the Serbian uprising led to the development of the Serbian nation and national consciousness, which under Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, Ilija Garašanin and the rest of the Greater Serbia intellectual elite was shaped into a Memorandum of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts which was the cornerstone of the Slobodan Milošević regime. After Milosevic's removal, the Greater Serbia ideology continued to develop, led by extreme right-wing political parties, Aleksandar Vucic and the Serbian Orthodox Church, proving that the Greater Serbia concept was the leading idea of contemporary Serbian political activity

    Sustainability and Support to War Operations in Remote Areas of the Home Country

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    U radu su analizirani glavni faktori održivosti napadnih operacija te njihova podjela koja obuhvaća samu održivost ljudske sile te održivost na tri vodeće razine: ekonomskoj, političkoj i socijalnoj. Napadna operacija djelovanja, osim održivosti mora imati i elemente podrške koji dozvoljavaju kvalitetan početak opisan kroz uzročno-posljedične veze koje, uz pravilno vođenje i ispunjavanje ciljeva mogu dovesti do maksimalnog napretka. Iako ne nužno, veći ciljevi zahtijevaju odobravanje na globalnoj razini kako u početku ne bi imali nepotrebna ograničenja, ali također kako bi se i zaštitili od vanjskih djelovanja. Jednako važno globalnom odobravanju jest odobravanje unutar same države. Cilj mora opravdati sredstva, a vojska mora vjerovati i dijeliti ideologiju svojih nadređenih. Pravilno posloženi prioriteti mogu biti kompletni tek uz prave saveznike i informacije. Ukoliko su svi elementi podrške i održivosti ispunjeni i pravilno posloženi, napadna djelovanja mogu dugoročno ostvarivati svoje ciljeve. Međutim, postoji i niz elemenata koje neprijatelj koristi na isti način, a samo detalji donose prevagu i konačan uspjeh, odnosno neuspjeh.The paper analyzes the main factors of sustainability of offensive operations and their division, which includes the very sustainability of human power and sustainability at three leading levels: economic, political, and social. In addition to sustainability, an offensive operation must-have elements of support that allow for a quality start expressed through causeand-effect relationships that, with proper leadership and fulfillment of goals, can lead to maximum progress. Although not necessarily, larger goals require global approval so that they do not initially have unnecessary restrictions, but also to protect themselves from outside action. Equally important to global approval is approval within the state itself, the goal must justify the means, and the military must believe and share the ideology of its superiors. Properly arranged priorities can only be complete with the right allies and information. If all elements of support and sustainability are met and properly arranged, offensive actions can achieve their goals in the long run, but there are several elements that the enemy uses in the same way, and only details bring superiority and ultimate success or failure

    NGVA -NATO Standard, Applicability Communication Architectures System to Combat Vehicles

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    U ovom diplomskom radu opisana je NATO-va generička arhitektura borbenih vozila, odnosno sustav kojim se umrežuju sva borbena vozila, bez obzira na njihove specifikacije. Prvo, predstavljena je pozadina evolucije NGVA standarda te se zatim raspravlja o osnovnim konceptima otvorenih sustava, uz primjenu takvog pristupa razvoju i nabavi obrambenih sustava. Kroz rad su nabrojani svi ključni sustavi koji čine NGVA standard te je njihova uloga potanko objašnjena. Rad ističe da unutar kopnene domene ratovanja ne postoji samo potreba za definiranjem pristupa otvorenim arhitekturama, već i za njegovo uvođenje, kako bi se osigurala agilnost svih vojski pod okriljem NATO-a. Benefiti, odnosno prednosti usvajanja takvog standarda također su istaknuti, te je, što se tiče krajnjih korisnika, odnosno posade, objašnjeno upravljanje sustavom i njegove mogućnosti. U svrhu shvaćanja NGVA standarda, zastarjeli sustavi su opisani te tako pružen uvid u potencijal otvorenog, modularnog pristupa, te potanko opisan princip umreženosti svih sustava u borbenom vozilu. Na kraju, dan je prijedlog moguće implementacije NGVA standarda u borbena vozila hrvatske vojske.This paper describes NATO's generic vehicle architecture, ie the system by which all combat vehicles are networked/interconnected regardless of their specifications. Firstly, an evolutionary background of the NGVA standard is presented, followed by a description of its basic concepts and principles. Additionally the paper emphasises the application benefits that this standard has on the development and procurement of key defense system components. It is pointed out that within the land domain of warfare, there is not only a need to define access to open architecture, but also to introduce it, to ensure the agility of all armies under the NATO banner. Advantages of adopting such standard are also highlighted, and, as far as end-users and crew are concerned, the management of the system and its possibilities are elaborated. To understand the NGVA standard, insight in older, obsolete systems is given and thus the potential of open, modular, and interconnected system is pointed out. Finally, a proposal for the possible implementation of NGVA standard in the armed forces of Croatia is made

    Logistics of Asymmetric Warfare

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    Vojska se ne može kretati, održavati, hraniti, popraviti, opremiti i još mnogo toga bez logističke potpore. Vođenje oružanog sukoba je jako kompleksno i zahtijeva visoku razinu organizacije i planiranja. Postavlja se pitanje: „Kako jedna organizacija, skupina pobunjenika, teroristi ili gerila može voditi oružani sukob, ako je on toliko kompleksan?“. Asimetrično ratovanje je jedan od odgovora. Asimetrično ratovanje nije novost, već je vrsta ratovanja koje se upotrebljavalo tijekom cijele ljudske povijesti. Svaki oružani sukob zahtijeva logističku potporu pa tako i asimetrično ratovanje. Ovaj rad će pokušati opisati logističku potporu asimetričnog ratovanja kroz mnoge primjere. Osim samog opisivanja, rad će proći i kroz primjere logistike asimetričnog ratovanja i dati primjere protumjera koje su se koristile kako bi se oslabila ili u potpunosti onesposobila logistika asimetričnog ratovanja.An army can't move, maintain, feed itself, repair, equip and much more without logistical support. Management of an armed conflict is very complex, and it requires a high level of organization and planning. The question is:” How can an organization, a group of insurgents, terrorists or guerrillas wage an armed conflict, if it is so complex?”. Asymmetric warfare is one of the answers. Asymmetric warfare is not new, but a type of warfare that has been used throughout human history. Every armed conflict requires logistical support, including asymmetric warfare. This paper will attempt to describe the logistical support of asymmetric warfare through many examples. In addition to the description itself, the paper will go through examples of countermeasures that have been used to weaken or completely disable asymmetric warfare logistics

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