EUREKA: Health Sciences
Not a member yet
407 research outputs found
Sort by
INFLUENCE OF PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTION ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA
Get PDFObjective: To study the influence of pharmacological psychocorrection with drugs derived from GABA on the quality of life of primary school-aged children with functional dyspepsia.
Materials and methods. 80 children aged 6–12 years with FD have been examined. Children were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 – 20 patients who received γ-amino-β-phenylbutyric acid hydrochloride along with baseline therapy, Group 2 – 20 patients who received comprehensive treatment and calcium hopantenate, Group 3 – 20 children who received vitamin-mineral complex and protocol treatment, and Control Group – 20 children who received baseline treatment. Study Design: general clinical, instrumental, psychodiagnostic, statistical.
Results. Using the PedsQL questionnaire, physical functioning disorders were found in children with FD – 97.5±1.2 % (78/80) of children, emotional functioning disorders – 91.3±1.6 % (73/80) of cases, functioning at school disorders – 88.8±2.7 % (71/80) of patients. During one-month case monitoring, children who took GABA drugs reported an improvement in the quality of life compared with baseline treatment and a group of children, who took a mineral-vitamin complex: physical functioning – (р1=0,016), (р2=0,03), emotional functioning – (р1˂0,001), (р2˂0,001), functioning in school – (р1=0,005), (р2=0,004).
Conclusion. The use of γ-aminobutyric acid drugs is safe and effective and they significantly improve the quality of life of children with FD
ASSESSMENT OF THE DEPENDENCE OF THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS CAUSED BY ROTAVIRUS ON ITS GENOTYPES
Get PDFThe leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children is rotavirus. In different countries, different rotavirus genotypes prevail and are associated with different severity of disease.
The purpose of our study was to identify the distribution of rotavirus genotypes in Kyiv, Ukraine, and to determine the correlation between the genotypes and course of disease.
Materials and methods. 978 children under 5 years of age were examined with АGE symptoms and not vaccinated against rotavirus. Determination of rotavirus antigen and genotype were performed using the immunoenzymatic assay and real-time RT-PCR.
We assessed the demographics, clinical manifestations of AGE, the Vesikari scale AGE severity.
Results. The G4P[8] genotype prevailed in Ukraine during 2014-2018. The G1P[8] was the second most common. G9P8 was the third, the fourth place was shared by G2P[4] and G3P[8]. Fever, as a manifestation, was more pronounced in G1P[8] and G3P[9].
The highest number of vomiting episodes per day occurred in the G1P[8] and G4P[8]-related cases.
Maximum of diarrhea episodes per day was observed in genotypes G1P[8], G3P[8], G4P[8] and G9P[8].
Mucus and blood in stool were found in genotypes G3P[8] (1/33.33 %), G4P[8] – blood (1/2.27 %).
The children with genotypes G1P[8] and G4P[8] had catarrhal symptoms.
More cases of moderate and severe dehydration, occurred in the G4P[8].
The Vesikari scale analysis showed that only G1P[8] led to mild cases(3.57 %). The most widespread genotypes, G1P[8] and G4P[8], led to a moderate illness in 14.29 % and 13.56 % cases, respectively, and to a severe illness in 82.14 % and 86.44 % cases, respectively.
Conclusions. G4P[8] was associated with the most severe disease due to more frequent and prolonged vomiting, febrile fever and bloody diarrhea. G1P[8] and G4P[8] were associated with catarrh
CORRECTIONAL STRATEGY AND TACTICS OF EQUILIBRIUM DISORDERS OVERCOMING OF PRESCHOOLERS
Get PDFThe article describes planning system features of corrective actions for the balance function formation in preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders. The analysis of the existing planning approaches of physical education and physical rehabilitation is made: the insufficiency of the substantiated scientific methodological bases in planning of corrective actions for balance function improvement in preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders is found out. The general principles of adaptive physical education planning of preschoolers with musculoskeletal disorders are considered. On this basis, a method of step-by-step planning of equilibrium function purposeful formation was developed, which reflects the logic of five channels stimulating of the postural aplomb system and takes into account the peculiarities of postural deficit in each case. Conclusions present the algorithm of corrective actions planning system, which improves balance function of the specified children category. Research prospects of effective ways of postural deficit overcoming of preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders are briefly marked
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE PREVALENCE OF FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY IN CHILDREN OF THE KYIV REGION
Get PDFThe aim of the study. Due to the growing prevalence of food hypersensitivity worldwide and the number of dangerous food reactions, the aim was to determine the current prevalence of food hypersensitivity symptoms among children in the Kyiv region, Ukraine.
Methods. Total of 7106 children were surveyed: Group I (4 months – 5 years) had 1787 children, Group II (6–7 years) – 2080 children, Group ІІI (13–14 years) – 1909 children, Group ІV (15–17 years) – 1330 children.
Results. The prevalence of food hypersensitivity among the surveyed children is 26.5 % (95 % CI: 25.5–27.6) – this is 1888 children out of 7106. Highest prevalence of food hypersensitivity (FHS) is observed in the Group I, which is 32 % (95 % CI: 29.8–34.2) – 571/1787, Groups II – 27.2 % (95 % CI: 25.7–29.8) – 566/2080, Groups III – 27.7 % (95 % CI: 14.7–18.0) – 529/1909, in the Group IV – 16.7 % (95 % CI: 25.3-29.2) – 222/1330). FHS in children is most often manifested by skin symptoms, followed by gastrointestinal manifestations, and acute urticaria/angioneurotic edema is at the third place. Respiratory manifestations possess 5 % in the structure of FHS symptoms. An anaphylactic reaction was observed in 4 children out of 7106 respondents.
Conclusions. The prevalence of food hypersensitivity among Ukrainian children is high. There is an increase in the prevalence of urticaria/angioedema in preschool children
THE IMPORTANCE OF NON-INVASIVE REGIONAL BRAIN OXIMETRY IN PREVENTING POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION DURING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN ELDERLY AND SENILE PATIENTS
Get PDFThe adverse effect of general anesthesia in elderly patients during surgery requires monitoring of functions and processes to identify their dangerous abnormalities to prevent complications.
The aim of the study. To establish the effectiveness of non-invasive regional brain oximetry with rSO2 determination during anesthetic support in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE) to prevent postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly and senile patients.
Material and methods. 84 elderly and senile patients with diagnosed gallstone disease, acute cholecystitis, who underwent LCE with sevofluran inhalational anesthesia and total intravenous anesthesia with propofol were examined. rSO2 was monitored. Cognitive functions were assessed using neuropsychological scales and the MMSE mental state examination scale.
Results. rSO2 was found to be significantly decreased during the carbon dioxide insufflation as compared to before premedication: in LH (left hemisphere) – by 7.0 %, in RH (right hemisphere) – by 6.9 % (Group I); in LH – by 7.4 %, in RH – by 7.5 % (Group II). rSO2 was significantly increased during the surgery, particularly in the middle of the operation, as compared to before premedication: in LH – by 14.66 %, in RH – by 13.94 % (Group I); in LH – by 11.60 %, in RH – by 11.53 % (Group II). The day following the surgery, cognitive functions significantly decreased by 8.7 % on the Luria's test, by 6.0 % on the MMSE test (Group I); in Group II – by 10.1 % and 6.3 %, respectively, as compared to before premedication. On Day 5 after the surgery, cognitive functions decreased by 2.7 % on the Luria's test, by 0.35 % on the MMSE test (Group I); in Group II – by 2.7 % and 0.35 %, respectively, as compared to before premedication.
Conclusions. A decrease in rSO2 can occur during LCE in the Trendelenburg position, despite the fact that other intraoperative indicators remain stable, which allows it to remain unrecognized. rSO2 monitoring in the perioperative period contributes to alertness and timely measures to prevent postoperative cognitive dysfunction
COMPARISON OF PHARMACISTS PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF UKRAINIAN PHARMACY ON PROVISION OF INFORMATION ON ADVERSE REACTIONS OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
Get PDFThe aim of the research is the comparison of professional activity of pharmacists of pharmaceutical institution in Ukraine with different education level in relation to their responsibilities in detection and prevention of adverse reactions (AR) or lack of efficacy of pharmaceutical products (PP), set out in the regulatory documentation on this matter.
Materials and methods. The questionnaire was developed and used for pharmacists of pharmaceutical institution, taken training on cycles of postgraduate education during 2016–2018. 70 higher education pharmacists (HEPs) and 80 specialized secondary education pharmacists (SSEP) were inquired. The integrity was evaluated by Fisher's ratio test (F). For convenience of calculation the corresponding functions of MS Excel were used.
Results. The majority of SSEPs and HEPs of Ukrainian pharmaceutical institutions are aware of their duty to provide information on AR or lack of efficacy of pharmaceutical products to the Department of Post-authorization Supervision of the State Expert Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and are aware of the regulatory legal documentation on this issue, however they are not active enough to take necessary action filling in the “Adverse drug reaction reporting form” and sending it to the national department. One of the reasons for the underactivity of pharmacy workers, irrespective of their level of education, is the low organization of this process in pharmacy institutions, in particular the absence of the “Adverse drug reaction reporting forms”.
Conclusion. Higher education pharmacist are more self-acting in completing “Adverse drug reaction reporting forms” and are less likely to shift their responsibilities to the pharmacy manager. It is critical to resolve the issue on enhancement of efficiency of detecting AR and/or lack of efficacy of PP in pharmacy institutions of Ukraine is to improve the quality of organizational work of pharmacy managers
THE RS1801282 PPARG POLYMORPHISM DEPENDENT METABOLIC EFFECTS OF PIOGLITAZONE IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY AND CONCOMITANT NAFLD
Get PDFThe aim: to investigate the metabolic effects of different treatment options in patients with obesity and concomitant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on the presence of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 (Pro12Ala) polymorphism in Ukrainians.
Materials and methods: 123 patients with NAFLD in combination with obesity 1, 2, 3 classes were included in the motivational weight loss program (5 visits, 3 months). The case group was treated with pioglitazone 15 mg / day, while the control group received only a program. Ultrasound steatometry, anthropometric and laboratory tests before and after treatment, genetic testing rs1801282 polymorphism in PPARG gene were performed.
Results: the carriers of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 polymorphism had less high stimulated insulin levels compared with groups of different genotypes (p<0.001). It was found pioglitazone effectiveness with significant difference in dynamics of CAP reduction (p<0.001) regardless of polymorphism. Dynamics of BMI decrease was the lowest in control group CC carries – –2.81 (–3.23; –2.39) kg (p<0.001) compared among other groups. Subjects from pioglitazone group with rs1801282 polymorphism carrying of CG and GG genotypes had significant differences in dynamics of fasting С-peptide decrease, serum uric acid reduction – –1.31 (–1.50; –1.13) µg/L and -165.3 (–182.80; –147.80) µmol/L (p<0.001) respectively compared among other groups.
Conclusions: Better reduction of metabolic parameters during pioglitazone treatment of patients with obesity and concomitant NAFLD appears to be associated with carrying of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 polymorphism
STUDY OF BONE MARROW ASPIRATE INJECTION EFFECT ON DENERVATED MUSCLE ACCORDING TO ELECTROMYOGRAPHY STUDIES
Get PDFThe aim. To study in experiment the effect of bone marrow aspirate injection on the course of denervation-reinnervation processes in skeletal muscle using neurophysiological research method.
Materials and methods. Experimental study was performed on 36 mature rabbits weighing 3-4 kg. Experimental model of the peripheral nerve acute injury and neurorrhaphy is taken as a basis. Animals were divided into 4 groups of 9 animals per group (3 animals for each experimental period). At 8, 12, and 16 weeks after surgery, all rabbits underwent needle EMG of the target muscles (m. gastrocnemius, and m. tibialis anterior) to study denervation-reinnervation changes.
Results. Results of target muscles electromyographic examination are shown. As norm, we took motor unit potentials parameters, which were registered during the study of contralateral (not operated) pelvic limbs.
Largest number of registered MUPs at different stages of the denervation-reinnervation process was observed, and was significantly higher (α = 0.07) in the groups in which bone marrow aspirate was injected in relation to group without bone marrow aspirate injection. Changes in the parameters of the registered MUPs in all groups corresponded to the general characteristics of the denervation-reinnervation process.
Conclusions. Injection of bone marrow aspirate into the target muscles during surgery and in the early stages of reinnervation (in experimental study it is 7 weeks after surgery) – reliably (α = 0.07) promotes improvement of reinnervation processes in muscles, which is manifested by registration of more motor unit potentials
PREVENTION OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION DUE TO DIAPHRAGM ATROPHY IN CHILDREN WITH RESPIRATORY FAILURE
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to determine whether diaphragm-protective mechanical ventilation can prevent diaphragm atrophy in children with respiratory failure.
Materials and methods. We complete the prospective single-center cohort study. Data analysis included 82 patients 1 month - 18 years old, divided into I group (lung-protective MV) and II group (diaphragm-protective in addition to lung-protective MV).
Patients were divided into age subgroups. Stages of the study: 1st day (d1), 3rd (d3), 5th (d5), 7th (d7), 9th (d9), 28th (d28). We studied changes in diaphragm thickness at the end of exhalation and compared them with these indicators at patient`s admission to the study (baseline). Primary endpoint was length of stay in ICU, secondary endpoints were complications (prolonged MV). Results are described as arithmetic mean (X) and standard deviation (σ) with level of significance p.
Results. There were significant differences in length of stay in ICU among patients of the 1st and 5th age subgroups: in 1st age subgroup this data was in 1.3 times lower in II group, compared with I group (p <0,05); in 5th age subgroup the situation was the opposite - length of stay in ICU was in 1.4 times higher in II group, compared with I group (p<0.05). There were no patients who required lifelong mechanical ventilation in any of the groups.
Changes in the thickness of the diaphragm, which indicate its atrophy, were the most significant among patients of the first, second, third and fourth age subgroups and the severity of atrophy was higher among patients of group I, compared with patients of group II.
Conclusions. Diaphragm-protective mechanical ventilation significantly prevents diaphragm atrophy in children with respiratory failure in 2nd, 4th, and 5th age subgroups. Providing goal-directed diaphragm-protective MV might reduce the length of stay in ICU among patients of 1st and 5th age subgroups. There were no observed complications like lifelong mechanical ventilation in both patient`s group
STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF CONCENTRATED JUICE AND GRANULES FROM VACCINIUM OXYCOCCOS FRUITS ON THE MODEL OF BACTERIAL CYSTITIS IN RATS
Get PDFThe fruits of marsh cranberries due to the content of phenolic compounds, in particular proanthocyanidins, are effective in the prevention and treatment of cystitis [1].
The aim of the research was to study the anti-inflammatory properties of condensed juice of Vaccinium oxycoccos fruits and granules “Cranberry” in a model of acute bacterial cystitis in rats.
Materials and methods. The anti-inflammatory properties of condensed juice from Vaccinium oxycoccos fruits and granules “Cranberry” were studied in a model of acute bacterial cystitis in rats, which was caused by three daily transurethral injection into the bladder of 0.3 ml of E. coli strain at a concentration of 106 CFU/ml. “Canefron® H” was used as a reference drug. Tissues were studied histologically by assessing the structure of the bladder wall and the condition of blood vessels.
Results. Infection of animals with E. coli resulted in a significant increase in the desquamation of the transitional epithelium, edematous changes and narrowing of blood vessels in the tissues of the bladder wall. During treatment with the drug “Canefron® N” there was a decrease in cell infiltration and desquamation of cells, dilation of blood vessels. When animals used condensed juice from Vaccinium oxycoccos fruits and granules “Cranberry” in the histological picture of the walls of the bladder there was a decrease in desquamation, edema and cellular infiltration, the lumen of blood vessels was approaching normal.
Conclusions. The use of condensed juice from Vaccinium oxycoccos fruits and granules “Cranberry” was accompanied by a positive effect on the tissues of the walls and blood vessels of the bladder of rats (there was a decrease in desquamation of the superficial layers of the transitional epithelium and normalization of the histological picture of vascular entanglement, that was not inferior to the comparison drug “Canefron® N”