EUREKA: Social and Humanities
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ECOLOGICAL RISKS IN AGRICULTURE: PROBLEM-ORIENTED APPROACH
Get PDFIntensification of agricultural production processes is accompanied by an increase not only in the productivity of agricultural crops and the productivity of animals, but also in the negative impact on the environment. Many agricultural producers do not adhere to scientifically grounded crop rotations, norms for introducing mineral fertilizers and doses of pesticides, rules for keeping and feeding animals, storing and recycling animal waste, etc., which leads to contamination of surface and groundwater, soil, air. To take into account the negative impact on the environment, it is advisable to use the form developed by us to assess the level of environmental risk and damage in agriculture
STUDY OF EFFICIENCY OF ENTERPRISE’S ACTIVITY FROM THE POSITIONS OF CULTURAL CONTENT
Get PDFThe article describes the main modern approaches to the effectiveness of the enterprise; the concept of a culture of efficiency of the enterprise is proposed; its functions are described, which include integration, socialization, information, regulatory, epistemological and innovative. The content of a culture of efficiency, including complexes of material culture and non-material, external and internal cultures, is determined. It is proved that the management of effectiveness in terms of cultural content depends on a methodical approach to the essence of effectiveness
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Get PDFThe article discloses the problem of interactive technologies application at Ukrainian and German higher educational establishments that has been under study for the last twenty years. The definition of the notion “interactive technologies” and different interpretations of this concept that were given by Ukrainian and foreign scholars are highlighted. The peculiarities and varieties of interactive technologies (simulations, role-games, discussions, debates, cooperative and group learning, brainstorming, projects, graffiti, synthesis of ideas, collaborative work, fishbowl, roundabout and others) are brought to light.The article singles out similarities and differences of interactive technologies application in Ukraine and Germany. The author emphasizes on the organization of interactive activities at the lectures, the purpose of use of each kind of interactive technology in Ukrainian and German educational process. The detailed study, analyses and comparison of experience of foreign language teachers training in the above-mentioned countries are carried out
STUDY OF FEATURES OF ECONOMIC COMPETITION AT WORLD MARKETS OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIALS IN THE CONTEXT OF FOOD SAFETY PROVISION
Get PDFChanges that take place in ХХІ century in the European economy cause not only the decrease of the topicality of problems of food safety provision, but condition their global and large-scale character. The question of people provision with food products, overcoming of poverty, economic competition at world markets of food and agricultural raw materials is for today priority for the whole international community. This problematic has different aspects and manifestation forms in different countries, regions, territories. The geography of products provision has an ambiguous character: a loss of products and their high quality is observed in certain regions, whereas other regions suffer from malnutrition and low-quality food products. The important role is plaid there by losses of society from waste of food products and low-quality competition, caused by different socio-political and socio-economic interests of countries and desire to influence the internal life of other countries through influence mechanisms on their food market functioning. In general food resources are enough throughout the world for providing satisfactory nutrition of the whole mankind. But food production it is not always provided where it is needed. Starvation and malnutrition, impoverishment of almost 1/5 of the population of the planet is the main social content of the food crisis. The economic competition at world food and agricultural raw materials markets plays no less important role. World tendencies of the value conjuncture, insufficient attention of state leaders to accumulation of sufficient resources for providing parity in the global economic competition create threats in providing food safety of many countries
THE ANALYSIS OF THE U.S. EXTERNAL DEBT IN TERMS OF FACING THE CHALLENGES OF THE WORLD ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFThe up-to-date approaches to external debt and its effects on economic processes entrench the standpoint of debt financing being the distinctive feature of the modern inclined-to-liberalization world. Subsequently, unhampered capital flow between economies is the offspring of macroeconomic equilibrium, since the allocation of capital based on barrier-free movement pays the way for factor prices levelling. Given these points, commodity prices develop a propensity for adjustment, financial system acquires sustainability and reliability. This research builds on existing knowledge in the domain of debt and is conducted in pursue of analyzing the U.S. external debt and effects it has on both the U.S. Economy and the global economy. Prior to looking into the external debt itself, the research study reveals the latest world financial and economic tendencies, the distinguishing features of which are low interest rates and smoldering economic growth. The IMF dubbed this economic agenda as “…a low growth, low-rate area” [1]. Along similar lines, the results of the research lend firm support to the view that the U.S. external debt poses little threat to the world economy in the short-run, since the U.S. economic growth outpaces debt servicing costs build-up. However, in case of the emergence of an economic decline, the United States may face challenges of debt servicing in the long-run perspective, hence fail to comply with the sacred principles of debt relationship such as timeliness and solvenc
USE OF CORRELATION-REGRESSION ANALYSIS FOR ESTIMATION OF PROSPECTS OF NATURAL GAS EXTRACTION OF SHALE ROCKS
Get PDFТhe article uses a correlation-regression analysis to further use the obtained correlation dependencies to assess the prospects for the extraction of natural gas from slate rocks in any region of the world. The statistical data on which correlation dependencies are derived are collected by analyzing information on the experience of shale gas extraction in countries such as the United States Marcellus, Haynesville, Barnett, Fayetteville, Woodford, Antrim, New Albany, Canada, Montenegro, Horn River) , China - playground Fuling and Argentina - the playground Vaca Muerta. Characteristics of shale formations are investigated for each of these deposits: gas content, depth intervals of shale rock formation, effective thickness, porosity, penetrability, organic matter content, catagenesis, wells productivity
THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION OF 1917 AND UKRAINIAN OFFICERS: THE CHOISE OF POLITICAL ORIENTATION
Get PDFThe article is devoted to social and political moods of Ukrainian officers in the Russian imperial army in Ukraine. It shows the conditions of their condition at the fronts of the First World War on the eve of the February revolution of 1917.An attempt was made to ascertain the political position of Ukrainian officers, their moods, behavior, social and political attitudes in the period of revolutionary events in Ukraine in 1917 and in the first months of establishment of the Ukrainian statehood. The article shows the personal officer’s attitude to the change of the political system and the attention is focused on the problem of choosing their political path
DEVELOPING THE STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF COLLABORATIVE ALLIANCE IN THE EXTRACTIVE FIELD
Get PDFWe developed the matrix of strategies for implementing the mechanism of collaborative alliances between the state and the extractive enterprises for the creation of social responsibility in the natural resource extraction. The matrix of strategies consists of blocks and is divided by levels of willingness to cooperate within the collaborative alliances in the field of natural resources.The synergy effect of common strategies of alliances increases with the balance of these strategies, which reflects the directions of its activities. Some areas of activity are effectively implemented when the functional and resource strategies are coordinated and adapted to each other and to the strategies of innovation and basic level. The coordination between the strategies minimizes risks, engages collaborative partners, creates innovative products and services, and implements socially-oriented policies in the mining regions.The result has showed that the potential for implementing the proposed strategies is very high, but it is necessary to specify the risks when coordinating the interests of all alliance participants for each mining region, as the formation of a "block of strategies" depends on the risks identified in a specific region
THE TOBACCO MONOPOLY: THE WORLD AND DOMESTIC EXPERIENCE
Get PDFThe article analyses the historical and economic development of the tobacco market from its cultivation in America to the formation and operation of monopolies in European countries. The features of the tobacco market in Ukraine, from the time of origin until now, are studied. Researches testify to the fact that tobacco cultivation began in America, and in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries tobacco production became common all throughout Europe. There were three main historical and economic ways that tobacco was brought to Ukraine: from China, Turkey and European countries. Major tobacco plantations were located in Poltava and Kherson regions, eastern Galicia and Podilia, etc. First tobacco factories as well as trading departments came into operation in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. As far as tobacco industry developed by leaps and bounds and brought substantial profit, tobacco production and sales volume of tobacco products were controlled on the state level by means of excise taxes and monopolies. In the first third of the twentieth century, there was a number of monopolies (among them Austrian, Polish, Hungarian, Russian and some other) that were quite successful. After the Second World War tobacco industry in Ukraine could develop on the basis of tobacco factories in Lviv, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Kharkiv, Zhmerynka, etc. and due to the import of tobacco products. In the twenty-first century, tobacco market in Ukraine has to undergo some major changes on both legislative and practical levels.The results of this study are important for understanding the history of tobacco industry on national and international levels
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS IN LEBANON: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS ENGAGED IN THE PROFESSIONAL INTEGRATION OF LOW-SKILLED WOMEN
Get PDFIn a country like Lebanon, where the participation rate of women in the labor force is low, around 24 % in 2014 [1], women social entrepreneurs try to alleviate this problem by targeting Low-skilled women. Our exploratory study aims to identify the motivations of six women social entrepreneurs. These entrepreneurs perceive that low-skilled women need to be reintegrated into society and suffer from gender discrimination at hiring in Lebanon. They also have personal experience that has sparked their interest in the employment of low-skilled women. Interactions with marginalized women and gender discrimination lived throughout their personal and professional lives are also considered as important motivators. Finally, women social entrepreneurs point out that working for the professional integration of low-skilled women gives them personal satisfaction while taking a limited risk. Our qualitative exploratory study was supplemented by a quantitative study among fifty-seven low-skilled women to ascertain the motivations of the women social entrepreneurs who employ them. The results seem to confirm the majority of motivations reported by social women entrepreneurs especially in term of personal satisfaction