EUREKA: Social and Humanities
Not a member yet
436 research outputs found
Sort by
EDUCATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE AND CHILDREN AS A WAY OF FIGHTING AGAINST INTERNET HATE, A FORM OF CYBER VIOLENCE
Get PDFDue to highly innovative technologies such as the smartphone, cyber- bullying and on-line, aggression has increasingly affected individuals across the world. Cyber-bullying is defined as repeated unwanted, hurtful, harassing, and threatening interaction through electronic communication media. Anonymity and mobility afforded by the Internet have made harassment and expressions of hate effortless in a landscape that is abstract and beyond the realms of traditional law enforcement. Further, it argues that a broad coalition of government, schools, police and citizenry is likely to be most effective in reducing the harm caused by hate speech. The study discusses the targets of hate on the Internet, provides a framework within which problems can be identified and resolved by accentuating moral and social responsibility, and articulates possible solutions to combat with this increasing problem
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF USING SOLAR ENERGY IN THE AGROINDUSTRIAL BUSINESS
Get PDFUnder conditions of limited organic resources, polluted external environment, excessive emission of carbon in the atmosphere and as a result of global warming the use of renewed energy sources may become one of ways of solving problems of energy saving, energy efficiency, environment protection, energy independence from import raw materials. The active use of renewed energy sources will favor the increase of economic efficiency and competitiveness of components of the national AIC.The article indicates that during the last 20 years the world underwent worsening of natural-climatic and living conditions, climate change, strengthening of negative natural phenomena and so on. The aforesaid problems of the world scale were discussed at the international climatic conferences (Brazil – 1992; Japan – 1997; SAR – 2002; Paris – 2015; Germany – 2017), while considering the complex of questions as to improving the natural-climatic and living environment in the world, saving use of natural resources, acceleration of using renewable energy sources (RES), especially solar one.It was elucidated, that during the last years the power of solar energy stations (SPS) grew essentially. For the end of 2015 the leaders if setting SPS were the following countries: China, Germany, Japan, USA. In Ukraine the plan of development of the Combined energetic system for 2016–2025 years of SE «NEC «Ukrenergo»» provided the association of SPS power with electric nets of energy system with volume 1641.2 MW.There was realized the grouping of Ukrainian regions by the level of the technically achievable potential of solar energy.There was realized the assessment of the economic efficiency of products at using solar energy in the agroindustrial business in different regional conditions of Ukraine
HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL APPROACH TO THE PROCESS OF STUDYING OF GENERAL PEDAGOGICAL DISCIPLINES
Get PDFThe article analyzes the historical and cultural approach to the implementation of the principle of historicism to resolve the educational and breeding problems. It defined the components, which forms the methodological culture taking into account the innovative ideas and values from the past periods of educational thought development in Ukraine. It proved the necessity of connection between the history of pedagogical science and the real problems of theory and practice of pedagogy nowadays.Modern pedagogical university should propose a scheme for not only the assimilation and use of knowledge already in the process of learning and teaching practices, their understanding of the unity of disciplines. The need for integrating forms of knowledge, its use and problem are caused by the restructuring of higher education. The idea of dismantling the higher education standards in the global market for the college can be realized through the idea of pedagogical universities. This idea foresaw the changes to increase the array of general knowledge along with professional. Integrating knowledge will facilitate distribution of creative material for individual schemes modeled not for his/her learning, but in order to the use of variant.A current teacher has a high level of not only professional, but also general training. General education does not mean "omniscience", and the whole thinking capability that covers the relationship of individual branches of knowledge. A teacher in the process of integrating practical actions in their various fields of scientific knowledge works to understand himself and to teach students to solve economic and social problems
ANALYSIS OF MODERN VIEWS ON THE ETIOLOGY OF DYSGRAPHIA
Get PDFThe article considers the problem of dysgraphia as one of types of written speech disorders, studied by speech therapists, psychologists, neurophysiologists and neuropsychologists of different countries for more than hundred years, but still one of most difficult and urgent till now. It is explained, that writing disorders are denoted in the special literature by the term “dysgraphia”. It is noted, that the term “dyslexia” is actively used by foreign scientists. In several countries (USA, UK) writing disorders are considered as ones, accompanied by dyslexia. Using the term «dyslexia», foreign scientists understand it as difficulties in mastering sign activity, first of all reading and writing. It is accented, that in works of German scientists difficulties in reading, writing and mathematics are denoted by the term «Lese-Rechtschreibshwache». French scientists interpret mistakes in letter denotation of the sound composition of a word in writing and orthographical mistakes as «Dysorthographie», «D’orthographie». It is accented, that the question of the dysgraphia essence still insufficiently studied for today, despite its complex studying in different aspects: clinical, pedagogical, psychophysiologic, neurophysiologic, psychogenetic, psychological-pedagogical, psycholinguistic, neuropsychological. At that certain questions, connected with writing disorders, are interpreted ambiguously, sometimes contradictorily. One of such questions is causes of dysgraphia appearance. It is noted, that three different conceptions are separated in studies, devoted to the dysgraphia etiology: functional, organic and genetic determination; the influence of unfavorable factors in prenatal, natal and postnatal periods; importance of social causes of dysgraphia. It is explained, that studies of dysgraphia in the psychogenetic aspect indicate that disorders of written speech often have the hereditary character. From the clinical point of view, written speech disorders in children are considered as results of the minimal cerebral dysfunction. Scientists’ views on this problem in the neurophysiologic aspect are considered. It is noted, that difficulties in writing skills formation are the result of the whole complex of etiologic factors. Each of the mentioned factors, moreover their combination, can become a cause of difficulties in writing skills formation
VALUE GAPS IN THE PLANETARY MATRIX OF THE WORLD COMMUNITY AS A LIMITROPHE OF WAR AND PEACE
Get PDFThe article describes the problem of spontaneous transformation of the planetary matrix of the social world, moving from the cell to the network structure, resulting not only in the changes of the world system of the planetary community, the shapes of national states are melting out gradually, the need for cosmopolitan world perception and thinking of the political elite arises, the managing processes come into the picture, hybrid planetary policy is formed, and finally, qualitatively new conflict forms and even hybrid wars appear. With the change in the planetary matrix structure, there are several fundamental changes in the life-plan of a planetary human being, since the fundamentally different segments of archetypes are activated in the world community's subconsciousness, the values-semantic substrates are mixed in the consciousness, and completely different logical schemes and algorithms of influence on a person are activated in the noosphere. At the same time, this means that in the sphere of national powers the emphasis of state policy, state regulation and public administration tends to shift from the territorial horizon into the plane of regulation of world planetary processes. This tendency also transfers the focus of their organizational efforts from the national and state levels to the political space of interstate and supra-state entities. The most intense points of relations between the actors of the modern integral process are the so-called limitrophes and frontiers
EVOLUTION OF SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES TO MERCY IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the study of the evolution of socio-philosophical approaches to charity in the context of social development. The author analyzes the phenomenon of mercy through the prism of various philosophical traditions and views: Confucianism and the period of Antiquity, the Middle Ages (Blessed Augustine), German classical philosophy, Russian religious philosophy, Western philosophical thought of the twentieth century, neo-Marxism and post-Marxism. The author comes to the conclusion that at different periods of the socio-philosophical thought development, the understanding of mercy is different and receives a variety of interpretations: charity, love for neighbors, altruistic love-agape, the manifestation of the subject’s activity in the context of social practice, etc. Mercy appears as an inner motive based on compassion, sacrifice, and active participation in the needs of others. Moreover, the value of mercy permeates all religious trends, defining the role of a person in his/her interaction with all others. At the present stage of development, mercy can be considered as an element of the social ethics of responsibility (of the individual for the natural and social environment of his/her activity), and also serves as a factor in the active participation of individuals in self-organizing self-government, the formation of civil associations with the aim of implementing reforms in society
PERIODIZATION OF DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNIC RELATIONS OF WESTERN UKRAINE AND POLAND (1918–1939)
Get PDFThe article makes an attempt to investigate the peculiarities and determine the regularities of cooperation between the Ukrainian and Polish states during the time of the Second Rzeczpospolita, to recreate the overall picture of events and their subsequent influence on the relations between the two countries. Analysis of the concepts of activities of various representatives of the Polish government is presented, which helps to prove that Poland's constant struggle for spheres of influence in the international arena led to unpleasant consequences that claimed the lives of the representatives of many nations, including Ukrainians and Poles. At the same time, the struggle of the Polish national chauvinists and the Ukrainian patriotic forces did not allow Ukrainians to defend the sovereignty of its state, since the military-political situation in the region, the position of the Entente countries, as well as the ethnic relations of the region did not contribute to this. The attempt to normalize the Ukrainian-Polish relations in the Second Commonwealth did not bring the expected results because it was not seen by the government as a positive solution to the problem. Having negatively impacted the life of Ukrainians, these actions were remembered as the last wasted attempt to improve the situation on the eve of the Second World War. Ukrainians in such a difficult situation were forced to adjust to the requirements of time, and therefore quite often changed the vector of activity toward the cultural and social direction. The intellectuals were fighting for the right to teach in Ukrainian in schools, preserving traditions and gaining minor rights and privileges. The positions of the Polish government, in this case, remained unchanged, with the exception of the insignificant tolerant statements of its individual representatives. Consequently, Polish politics did not achieve the desired results
COMPETITIVENESS OF UKRAINIAN SEAMANS AT THE MODERN LABOR MARKET
Get PDFThe article considers the study of the modern maritime labor market, comparison and analysis of education systems, number of seamen by nationality at the trade fleet. As a result of the presented statistical analysis, there can be seen the stable growth of a number of Asian seamen and slow, but stable fall of a percent of seamen from Europe. The analysis of the maritime labor market the last years demonstrates the small growth of a number of European seamen, but the fall in percent ratio to the previous years, connected with the world growth of the trade fleet. The development of the market of maritime labor and the dynamics of changes at it mainly depend on external and internal factors. State standards of training seamen and requirements to their professional competence must be constructed taking into account national and international requirements. An important external factor that influences the development of professional training of qualified seamen is the demand of shipowners for specialists that correspond to requirements of the convention and Code of STCW. Main problems, connected with education and training of future seamen, remained from the times of USSR, and are traced for today also. For solving them, under conditions of fast re-orientation from the internal market to the external one, at absence of the modern Ukrainian fleet, cardinal changes are necessary in the system of education for raising the competitiveness at the labor market, necessity of a state intervention in this question for increasing the material base, control, inflow of young specialists with the modern experience of working in this field.
The modern maritime Ukrainian doctrine includes main directions, according to which elaboration of program documents is realized, namely the development of education in the maritime field. At the same time, it is noted that “the state system of providing safety of navigation may become an effective instrument of solving tasks of the state maritime policy under conditions of functioning such main components of it as: a system of training and retraining of specialists for the maritime field and also organizations and enterprises that realize the activity on providing navigation safety†[1]. As an example, there is considered financing of scientific studies and training of seamen at Szczecin (Poland). The improvement of the modern training system is a necessity and must include a complete synergy of three main directions: theoretical knowledge, practical knowledge and English. The following labor market requirements to modern specialists in a perspective may be the following ones:
– at the theoretical level – scientific thinking, formation of knowledge of management and marketing, ecological and legal knowledge;
– at the practical level – commercial knowledge; ability to work in a collective competence; perfect mastering of informational and communicational technologies; mastering of foreign languages and so on;
– at the personal level – social competence; communication skills; personal initiative; responsibility; professional mobility; individuality; competitiveness; creativity; ability to make correct decisions; fast adaptation to changes [2]
THE EDUCATION QUALITY MEASURING: AMERICAN EXPERIENCE
Get PDFThe US Higher Education Reform is due to certain processes of competitiveness, market orientation, the tendency to form a single space for education. The American system of Higher Education has integrated the best in the education of other countries and thus helped the country overcome crises, to some extent solve the problems of racial discrimination, unemployment, poverty, improved the situation of women, people with disabilities, national minorities. The historical events, socio-economic transformations, aspiration to be a leader in the world market respectively have influenced the development of Higher Education. Due to reforms in American society, education has become more open, various, versatile. The Americans highly value the Higher Education and believe that education is necessary for a conscious political life, the functioning of a democratic government, the development of economic and political international relations. The American education serving the dynamic and global economy is effective and capable of developing in the conditions of limited public resources.This article focuses on the measurement of education quality and accreditation of Higher Learning Institutions in the USA; the analysis of educational activities of American universities; the coverage of accreditation and education performance of Higher Learning Institutions in the United States; these indicators usage in the process of education quality assessing in American universities; the essence disclosure of measurement the education quality with helping "added value" on the basis by American scientists research; the borrowing American experience into the Higher Learning Institutions in Ukraine
METHODOLOGY OF ASSESSING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF UKRAINIAN GAS PRODUCERS
Get PDFThe development of a methodology for assessing investment attractiveness of businesses of Ukrainian gas production industry that is presented in the form of a generalized algorithm reflects the conceptual model of research. The scope of research is methodological approaches to assessing investment attractiveness of businesses. The purpose of this study is to recommend methodology for assessing the investment attractiveness of Ukrainian gas producers. The methodology for assessing investment attractiveness of gas producers can be used to determine the investment attractiveness of an individual business, evaluate financial position in the course of privatization and development of measures for rehabilitation or liquidation of a business, as well as to carry out a financial analysis at the initiative of both the business itself and investors who consider investment in production. The paper assesses performance of the leading gas producers in accordance with the individual life cycle stages of the business. The authors propose management measures to ramp up natural gas production in Ukraine. The amount of investment in the gas production industry required to achieve the estimated gas production figures has been assessed and the overriding priorities for the development of Ukrainian gas production industry have been established