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SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in Industry Workers in Split-Dalmatia and Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia
No full textObjectives: To examine seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in industry workers population sample. Methods: From 23 to April 28, 2020, we conducted serological testing for antibodies (Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin M (IgM)) on 1494 factory employees living in the Split-Dalmatia and Šibenik-Knin County (Croatia). Results: We detected antibodies in 1.27% of participants (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77–1.98%). In Split facility 13/1316 (0.99%, 95% CI 0.53–1.68%) of participants were tested positive, of which 13/1079 (1.20%, 95% CI 0.64–2.05%) of those living outside the facility and 0/237 (0%, 95% CI 0–1.26%) of those living inside the facility. In Knin facility, 6/178 (3.37%, 95% CI 1.25–7.19%) participants were tested positive for antibodies. Conclusions: The study showed relatively small SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in the DIV Group population sample
Razvoj kapaciteta za testiranje na COVID-19 u Hrvatskoj: pokretanje međuodjelne jedinice COVID-19 u Kliničkome bolničkom centru Split
No full textThis paper presents the chronology, experiences, and challenges in introducing COVID -19 RT -PCR testing in Split, Croatia. We describe the processes from March 12, 2020 to May 26, 2020, starting from the initial knowledge transfer, expert team formation and management, testing implementation, and concluding with the standalone testing facilities, which used automated processes sufficient to meet testing requirements at that time. In the case presented, the COVID -19 unit was organized by joining human and laboratory resources from five clinical departments at the Split University Hospital Centre. Sample preparation procedures and analyses were launched within the restricted time frame while simultaneously training and organizing new laboratory staff and completing equipment requirements. As a result, the process that started with 30 tests per day was constantly improved over time and reached up to 160 tests per day when MagNA Pure was added to automatize RN A extraction at the end of April. At that pace, the cumulative number of samples soon exceeded the first thousand, and by the end of May it exceeded 4000. The case presented provides an example of good practice for crisis response and organization that successfully enabled sufficient COVID-19 testing capacities within the restricted time frame, human and technical resources. Despite limited understanding of COVID -19 at that time, appropriate management, transfer of knowledge, previous experiences in related laboratory and diagnostic work, as well as interdisciplinary and interdepartmental cooperation proved appropriate to overcome the above limitations and ensure adequate healthcare response.Cilj je ovoga rada prikazati kronologiju, iskustva i izazove tijekom uvođenja testiranja na COVID -19 pomoću RT -PCR-a
u Splitu. Rad obuhvaća razdoblje od 12. ožujka do 26. svibnja 2020., počevši od početnoga prijenosa znanja, osnivanja i
organiziranja
timova, provedbe testiranja pa sve do uvođenja automatizacije procesa koja je na koncu omogućila potpuno
zadovoljavanje tadašnjih potreba. U predmetnome slučaju jedinica COVID -19 utemeljena je objedinjavanjem ljudskih potencijala
i laboratorijskih kapaciteta iz pet kliničkih zavoda Kliničkoga bolničkog centra Split. Pokrenuti su procesi pripreme
i analize uzoraka, dok se istodobno radilo na obučavanju i organiziranju novoga osoblja te upotpunjavanju potrebne opreme
i uređaja. Kao rezultat rada, početni kapaciteti od 30 testova na dan stalno su se povećavali, dostigavši krajem travnja razinu
i do 160 testova nakon nabavke uređaja MagNA Pure za automatsku ekstrakciju RN K-a. Tim tempom kumulativni broj
provedenih testova ubrzo je dostigao 1000, dok je do kraja svibnja prešao i 4000. Opisani slučaj prikazuje primjer dobre
prakse odgovora i upravljanja krizom koji su omogućili stvaranje dostatnih testnih kapaciteta za COVID -19 uz ograničeno
vrijeme, osoblje i tehničke resurse. Bez obzira na skromnost tadašnjih saznanja o bolesti COVID -19, odgovarajući načini
upravljanja, prijenosa znanja, prethodnoga iskustva u srodnome laboratorijskom i dijagnostičkom radu, kao i interdisciplinarna
i međuodjelna suradnja polučili su dobre rezultate u premošćivanju opisanih izazova te osiguravanju primjerenoga odgovora
zdravstvenog sustava
Role of comprehensive genomic profiling in oncologic patients in Clinical Hospital Split
No full textRazvoj novih molekularnih tehnika, između ostalog i sveobuhvatnog genskog profiliranja
primjenom sekvencionera nove generacije unaprijedio je dijagnostiku i liječenje onkoloških
bolesnika. ESMO radna grupa za kliničku tumorsku genomiku identificirala je genske promjene
značajne kod 8 najčešćih malignih tumora a s najvišom stopom smrtnosti u svijetu, svrstavajući
nađene promjene u četiri ESCAT kategorije kojima se definira povezanost nađenih genetskih
promjena i primjene lijeka.
U ovom su istraživanju obrađeni rezultati testiranja promjenom FoundationOne testa u 76
pacijenata iz KBC-a Split s malignim tumorima različitih sijela, čiji su uzorci tkiva fiksirani u
formalinu i uklopljeni u parafin i tijekom 2020. godine poslani na analizu u Foundation
Medicine, kako bi se procijenio daljnji način liječenja bolesnika na temelju genetskih promjena
nađenih u tumorima.
Temeljem detektiranog genetskog statusa 27 pacijenata ( 35,53 %), su kandidati za odobrenu
ciljanu terapiju u bolesnikovom tipu tumora, kod 25 pacijenata (32,89 %) detektiran je genetski
status za kojeg je odobren lijek u drugom tipu tumora, dok su 24 pacijenta (31,58 %), na osnovu
genetskog profila, bez odobrenog lijeka.
Kod 4 bolesnika (5,26 %) detektirane su promjene koje su vezane za slabiji odgovor i
rezistenciju na odobrenu ciljanu terapiju.
Četiri (5,26 %) pacijenta imaju tumore koji pokazuju mikrosatelitnu nestabilnost s visokim
mutacijskim opterećenjem tumora, pet (6,58 %) ih ima tumore kojima je detektirana
mikrosatelitna stabilnost s visokim mutacijskim opterećenjem tumora, dok kod jednog (1,32 %)
pacijenta, radi neadekvatnog uzorka nije bila moguća detekcija mikrosatelitnog statusa.
Od 76 testiranih bolesnika, kod 62 (81,58 %) su uspješno detektirane genetske mutacije kao i
MS i TMB status, dok kod 14 (18,42 %), zbog neadekvatne kvalitete testiranih uzoraka nije
bilo moguće odrediti potpuni molekularni profil i to MS, TMB i LOH status kao i amplifikaciju
nekih gena, što upućuje na važnost pravilnog uzimanja uzoraka, kao i obrade i odabira najboljeg
uzorka za analizu.
Od 27 pacijenata koji imaju odobrenu ciljanu terapiju u bolesnikovom tipu tumora, 10 bolesnika
(37,04 %) ima genetske promjene koje se rutinski testiraju u Laboratoriju za molekularnu patologiju KBC-a Split, dok je mutacijski profil za 17 pacijenata (62,96 %) detektiran metodom
sveobuhvatnog genskog profiliranja.
Sveobuhvatno gensko profiliranje ima veliku znanstveno-istraživačku vrijednost, ali je za
rutinsku kliničku primjenu potrebno osigurati pristup ovakvim testiranjima za bolesnike s
metastatskim ili lokalno uznapredovalim tumorima, tumorima koji su rijetki i o čijim se
specifičnim genetskim promjenama koje bi bile osnova za specifično liječenje zna malo, kao
za bolesnike čiji rezultati rutinskih monogenskih testiranja, koja se provode u kliničkim
laboratorijima ne daju terapijski odabir.The development of new molecular techniques, among other comprehensive genomic profiling
using new generation sequencing, has improved the diagnosis and treatment of oncological
patients. The ESMO working group for clinical tumor genomes identified genetic changes
significant in the 8 most common malignancies with the highest mortality rate in the world,
classifying molecular changes into four ESCAT categories which defines the association of
genetic changes and drug administration.
In this study, I analysed resultates of FoundationOne Medicine testing in 76 patients from
University Hospital Center Split with malignant tumors of different sites, and whose tissue
samples were fixed in formalin and paraffin-embedded and during 2020 sent for analysis to
FoundationOne Medicine, to evaluate further treatment of patients based on genetic changes
found in tumors.
Based on the detection of the genetic status of 27 patients (35,53 %) are candidates for
approved targeted therapy for the patient's tumor type, in 25 patients (32,89 %) genetic status
was detected for which the drug was approved in another tumor type, while 24 patients (31,58
%), based on genetic profile, had no approved drug.
Changes related to poor response and resistance to approved targeted therapy were found in 4
patients (5,26 %).
Four (5,26 %) patients have tumors that show microsatellite instability with high tumor
mutation load, five (6,58 %) have tumors that have detected microsatellite stability with high
tumor mutation load, while one (1,32 %) patient, due to an inadequate sample, microsatellite
status could not be detected.
Out of 76 tested patients, in 62 (81,58 %) genetic mutations as well as MS and TMB status were
successfully detected, while in 14 (18,42 %), due to inadequate quality of tested samples, it was
not possible to determine the complete molecular profile, like MS , TMB and LOH status as
well as amplification of some genes, which indicates the importance of proper sampling, as well
as processing and selection of the best sample for analysis. Of the 27 patients who have approved targeted therapy in the patient's tumor type, 10 patients
(37,04 %) have genetic changes that are routinely tested in the Laboratory for Molecular
Pathology of KBC Split, while the mutation profile for 17 patients (62,96 %) detected by the
method of comprehensive gene profiling.
Comprehensive genomic profiling has important scientific and research value, but for routine
clinical use it is necessary to provide access to such testing for patients with metastatic or locally
advanced tumors, rare tumors, tumors whose specific genetic changes, that would be the basis
for specific treatment, are little known, and for patients whose results of routine monogenic
testing, conducted in clinical laboratories, do not provide a therapeutic choice
Presumptive blood test validation
No full textCilj: Cilj ovog rada je bio utvrditi je li imunokromatografski test SERATEC HemDirect
visoko specifičan za forenzičku identifikaciju ljudske krvi, odnosno postoje li životinje čija bi
krv pokazala lažno pozitivan rezultat na ovom testu. U ovom istraživanju ispitala se
osjetljivost i specifičnost testa kada je izložen punoj i razrijeđenoj krvi čovjeka i različitih
životinjskih vrsta.
Metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo osam uzoraka venske krvi, čovjek i sedam različitih
životinjskih vrsta. Svi uzorci krvi analizirani su testom SERATEC HemDirect. Pripremljena
je serija razrjeđenja (1/4, 1/8, 1/10, 1/16, 1/20, 1/24 te 1/40 samo za krv čovjeka) iz pune krvi
dodavanjem dvostruko destilirane vode. Nakon što je napravljena serija razrjeđenja, 50 μL
uzorka pune krvi i svakog razrjeđenja naneseno je na pamučnu bijelu tkaninu i ostavljeno da
se osuši na sobnoj temperaturi. Nakon sušenja, 1/4 dijela uzorka izrezana je i ekstrahirana u
HemDirect puferu 30 minuta. Po isteku protokolom propisanih 30 minuta dodale su se tri kapi
svakog uzorka u jažicu za ispitivanje te su se rezultati očitavali i bilježili nakon 10 minuta.
Rezultati: Test SERATEC HemDirect pokazao je pozitivne rezultate u svim analiziranim
uzorcima ljudske krvi (puna krv i razrjeđenja 1/4, 1/8, 1/10, 1/16, 1/20, 1/24, 1/40). U
analiziranim uzorcima krvi svih životinjskih vrsta test je pokazao negativne rezultate.
Zaključak: Temeljem dobivenih rezultata zaključeno je da se SERATEC HemDirect kao brz
i pouzdan test može koristiti za identifikaciju ljudske krvi u laboratoriju i na mjestu počinjenja
kaznenog djela.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the SERATEC HemDirect
immunochromatographic test is highly specific for forensic identification of human blood,
and whether there are animals whose blood would show a false positive result on this test. In
this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the test when exposed to whole and diluted blood
of human and various animal species were examined.
Methods: The study included eight samples of venous blood, human and seven different
animal species. All blood samples were analyzed by the SERATEC HemDirect test. A
dilution set (1/4, 1/8, 1/10, 1/16, 1/20, 1/24, and 1/40 for human blood only) was prepared
from whole blood by adding double destilled water. A 50 μL sample of whole blood and each
dilution were placed on a white cotton cloth and left to dry at room temperature. After drying,
1/4 of the sample was cut out and extracted in HemDirect buffer for 30 minutes. After
extraction, three drops of each sample were added to the test well and the results were read
and recorded after 10 minutes.
Results: The SERATEC HemDirect test showed positive results in all analyzed human blood
samples (whole blood and dilutions 1/4, 1/8, 1/10, 1/16, 1/20, 1/24, 1/40). In the analyzed
blood samples of all animal species, the test showed negative results.
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that SERATEC HemDirect as a
fast and reliable test can be used for identification of human blood in the laboratory and at the
crime scene
Analysis of money laundering typologies
No full textNiz je metoda i načina pranja novca, koji su nerijetko u zavisnosti od samih „perača“ novca koji mogu biti fizičke ili pravne osobe. Neke od metoda kojima se koriste pravne osobe su korištenje offshore zona, nerezidentnih računa, fiktivnih ugovora te ispostavljanje fiktivnih računa, „front“ i „shell“ tvrtki. Krijumčarenje novca, transakcije gotovim novcem, mjenjački poslovi i kreditne linije predstavljaju metode kojima se najčešće koriste fizičke osobe u procesu pranja novca. U radu su analizirane tipologije pranja novca u odnosu na počinitelje kao pravne i fizičke osobe te tipologije pranja novca u zavisnosti od pojedine faze u procesu pranja novca.There are many methods and ways of money laundering, which often depend on the "money launderers" themselves, i.e., whether they are natural or legal persons. Some of the methods used by legal entities are offshore zones, non-resident accounts, fictitious contracts, and issuing fictitious invoices, "front" and "shell" companies, while money smuggling, cash transactions, currency exchange, and credit lines are methods used by individuals. The paper analyses the typologies of money laundering concerning perpetrators as legal and natural persons and the typologies of money laundering depending on the individual phase in the money laundering process
Otvoreni pristup (OA)
No full textRadionica o otvorenom pristupu organizira se s ciljem poticanja otvorenog pristupa znanstvenim informacijama i osvješćivanja važnosti istoga. Na radionici će se objasniti temeljna načela otvorene znanosti s naglaskom na otvoreni pristup, unutar kojega će se obraditi teme verzija radova za objavljivanje, autorskih prava, institucijskih repozitorija i mogućnosti pohrane radova u otvorenom pristupu uz demonstraciju istoga
Employee share-ownership in the context of accounting manipulations
No full textRačunovodstvene manipulacije su radnje neispravnog prikazivanja računovodstvenih stavki. Cilj ovog rada je utvrđivanje implementacije dioničarstva zaposlenika na računovodstveno manipuliranje. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku hrvatskih društava u razdoblju od 2011. do 2019. Prikupljeni podaci su korištenjem Jones modela analizirani primjenom deskriptivne statistike i regresijske analize. Rezultat istraživanja pokazuje da implementacija dioničarstva zaposlenika nema utjecaja na računovodstveno manipuliranje u niti jednoj od promatranih godina, te da samo profitabilnost i veličina društva imaju utjecaja na upravljanje zaradama u nekim promatranim godinama.Accounting manipulations are actions of incorrect presentation of accounting items. The purpose of this paper is to determine the implementation of employee shareholding on accounting manipulation. The research was conducted on a sample of Croatian companies in the period from 2011 to 2019. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis using the Jones model. The result of the research shows that the implementation of employee shareholding has no impact on accounting manipulation in any of the observed years, and that only profitability and company size have an impact on earnings management in some observed years
Sex estimation by the patterns of lip impressions (cheiloscopy) : an analysis of a Croatian sample and a scoping review
No full textAim: To determine whether there is sexual dimorphism of lip prints’ morphological features in the Croatian population and to provide a scoping review for the accuracy of sex estimation on lip prints.
Methods: The study on the Croatian population included 88 male and 88 female (median age 25, range 18 - 50) participants. Lip prints were analyzed by quadrant, and then the predominant pattern on the entire lip was observed. A systematic search of the relevant bibliographical databases was conducted, including Medline, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), and Cinahl (October 23rd, 2020). OpenGrey, Open Science Framework, and Science.gov databases were searched for grey literature. Findings were reported in the narrative form in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. A total of 80 studies were included.
Results: The study of sexual dimorphism of lip prints in the Croatian population showed that there were no statistically significant differences between males and females; and when all quadrants were considered together (χ2 = 3.625, P = 0.459), sex could be estimated for only 55.7% of persons. Twenty-nine studies (36.3%) did not find differences between males and females, and 34 (42.5%) found sexual dimorphism only in some of the lip parts and some quadrants. The assessment of examined studies showed that only six studies met all quality criteria.
Conclusion: There is no forensically significant sexual dimorphism in lip prints in the Croatian population. The scoping review showed that sex estimation using lip prints should not be used as evidence in court as the present methodology is not reliable and the potential rate of error is unknown
Intellectual capital as a key driver of firms’ performance in the age of globalization : case of Croatia
No full textIntellectual capital (IC) is given an increasing importance in the context of companies’ activities in the knowledge – oriented economy and is thought to be a key factor of competitiveness and financial performance enhancement in modern globalized world. Many methods have been introduced over time to measure IC with value added intellectual capital (VAIC) proposed by Pulic (1998) playing an important role.
The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the intellectual capital and its components, specifically, human capital, capital employed and structural efficiency on corporate performance of Croatian companies listed on Zagreb Stock Exchange (ZSE) in the period 2016 – 2020.
The performance is expressed with profitability, specifically ROA, and market valuation, i.e. Tobin’s Q while the value added intellectual capital (VAIC) is used to measure IC as well as its components. A set of control variables comprising of firm size, leverage and age is also covered in the research while static panel analysis is performed to identify variables that might contribute to firm performance.
The statistically significant and positive influence of VAIC and its components indicate that an enhancement in the efficiency of firms’ resources and employees’ knowledge leads to creation of new economic value
A brief history of human ecology and ecotheology
No full textHumana ekologija dio je ekologije koji je nastao u prošlom stoljeću a bavi se proučavanjem odnosa između čovjeka i njegove okoline. Ona je sastavni dio ekologije, a povezana je uz tzv. ekološko pitanje iz druge polovice XIX. stoljeća kada je znanost otkrila da zemlja i sve žive vrste na njoj tvore jedinstveni sustav i da utječu jedne na druge preko svojih međusobnih odnosa. Kada su započeli prigovori kršćanstvu da je odgovorno za nastanak ekološke krize i za uništavanje prirode svojim biblijskim stavom o Božjem opunomoćenju za zahvate u prirodi, nastala je i nova grana teologije nazvana ekoteologijom. U krilu katoličke teologije nju su posebno razvijali rimski biskupi (pape), a njezin je vrhunac enciklika pape Franje Laudato si’ koja je preuzela i razvila viziju integralne franjevačke teologije.Human ecology is a part of ecology that emerged in the last century and deals with the study of the relationship between man and his environment. It is an integral part of ecology, and is associa ted with the socalled ecological issue from the second half of the 19th century when science discovered that the earth and all living species on it form a unique system and that they influence each other through their interrelationships. When reproaches began to Christianity that it was to blame for the ecological crisis and the destruction of nature with its biblical view of God's authority for interventions in nature, a new branch of theology called ecotheology emerged. In the bosom of Catholic theology, it was especially developed by the Roman bishops (popes), and its culmination is the encyclical of Pope Francis "Laudato si" which took over and developed the vision of integral Franciscan theology