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Development strategy of the family-owned agricultural farm "Duša Baranje"
No full textBaranja predstavlja područje koje je jedinstven spoj tradicije, kulture i običaja te kao takva savršeno funkcionira. Uz jedinstvene prirodne ljepote krajolika koje ju karakteriziraju, mnogobrojne kulturne znamenitosti te bogata gastronomska ponuda, označava idealno područje za razvoj ruralnog turizma, koje su mnogi i prepoznali. Ruralni turizam pomaže očuvanju lokalnog identiteta i tradicije te je značajan element društvenog i turističkog razvoja ruralnih područja. Na području Baranje zabilježen je porast novonastalih obiteljsko poljoprivrednih gospodarstava među kojima se posebno ističe obiteljsko poljoprivredno gospodarstvo „Duša Baranje“ koje predstavlja malu farmu domaćih životinja te glavni značaj pridaje kontaktu sa životinjama što iz dana u dan privlači sve veći broj zainteresiranih posjetitelja, kako domaćih tako i stranih te ju na ovom području čini jedinstvenom i posebnom. Vođeni činjenicom kako u Slavoniji i Baranji nema sličnog projekta, koji glavni naglasak stavlja na kontakt sa životinjama, vlasnici gospodarstva Sanja i Danijel Antonović, odlučuju se za pokretanje projekta koji upravo to i nudi. U središtu Bilja, daleko od gradske užurbanosti, smješta je mala farma domaćih životinja, koje su izrazito pitome i umiljate. Djeca su kontaktom sa životinjama najviše oduševljena te vrlo često izraze želju kako upravo na obiteljsko poljoprivrednom gospodarstvu „Duša Baranje“ žele organizirati proslavu rođendana. Nedvojbeno je kako će se gospodarstvo u budućnosti uspješno razvijati te ulaganjem u dodatne sadržaje na gospodarstvu steći značajnu konkurentsku prednost na tržištu, kao i mnoštvo oduševljenih posjetitelja.Baranja represents an area that is unique combination of tradition, culture and customs and as such it functions perfectly. In addition to the unique natural beauty of the landscape that characterizes it, numerous cultural sights and a rich gastronomic offer, it marks and ideal area for the development of rural tourism, which many have recognized. Rural tourism helps preserve local identity and tradition and is a significant element of social and tourist development in rural areas. In the area of Baranja, there has been an increase in newly created family farms, among which the family farm „Duša Baranje“ especially stands out, because it represents a small farm of domestic animals and places the main importance on contact with animals, which attracts an increasing number of interested visitors every day and makes it unique and special in this area. Guided by the fact that there is no similar project in Slavonia and Baranja, which places the main emphasis on contact with animals, the owners of the farm, Sanja and Danijel Antonović, decide to launch a project that offers just that. In the centre of Bilje, far from the hustle and bustle of the city, there is a small farm of domestic animals, which are extremely tame and cuddly. Children are most delighted by the contact with animals and very often express their wish that they want to organize a birthday celebration on the family agricultural farm „Duša Baranje“. There is no doubt that the family agricultural farm will develop successfully in the future, and by investing in additional facilities at the family agricultural farm, it will gain a significant competitive advantage on the market, as well as a multitude of enthusiastic visitors
Insecticidal activity of quinazolinone derivates
No full textDeset novo sintetiziranih kinazolinona na Schiff bazama testirano je u kontroliranim uvjetima radi njihove
biološke aktivnosti na velikom voskovom moljcu (Galleria mellonella L.). Biološki oralni test proveden je na zadnjem
stadiju ličinki. Mortalitet, promjena ponašanja (test orijentacije), simptomi patogenosti na kutikuli (promjena boje,
lezije i mrlje) te utjecaj na razvoj kukca praćeni su 24, 48, 72 i 240 sati nakon tretmana. Testirani derivati kinazolinona
nisu uzrokovali značajan mortalitet kod kukaca, niti su utjecali na njihovo ponašanje. Najveći broj ličinki je promjenio
boju kutikule nakon 48 sati. Utjecaj derivate kinazolinona najviše je izražen 72 h nakon tretmana. Nakon 72 sata su
svi spojevi izazvali kukuljenje kod kukaca (od 3,44 do 60 % ličinki se kukuljilo), u usporedbi s kontrolom gdje se
kukuljice nisu razvile. Više od 90 % gusjenica se zakukuljilo 240 h nakon tretmana kod svih spojeva i u kontroli.
Spojevi SB3, SB8, SB14, SB21, SB17, SB19 i SB25 bi se trebali dalje testirati kako bi se ispitala biološka aktivnost
spojeva pri različitim koncentracijama i u različitim ekološkim uvjetima, kao i na različite vrste kukaca. Ovim
istraživanjem je utvrđeno da derivati kinazolinona imaju širok spektar djelovanja na gusjenice velikog voskovog
moljca, čime dodatno potvrđuju svoj potencijal kao regulatori rasta i razvoja kukaca.Ten newly synthesized quinazolinone Schiff base derivatives were tested under controlled conditions for their
biological activity on the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.). The biological oral test was conducted on the
final larval stage. Mortality, behavioral changes (orientation test), symptoms of pathogenicity on the cuticle (color
change, lesions, and spots), and the effect on insect development were monitored at 24, 48, 72, and 240 hours after
treatment. The tested quinazolinone derivatives did not cause significant mortality in the insects nor did they affect
their behavior. The highest number of larvae exhibited cuticle color change after 48 hours. The impact of the
quinazolinone derivatives was most pronounced 72 hours after treatment. After 72 hours, all compounds induced
pupation in the insects (ranging from 3.44% to 60% of the larvae pupated), compared to the control group, where no
pupation occurred. More than 90% of the caterpillars pupated 240 hours after treatment for all compounds and in the
control group. Compounds SB3, SB8, SB14, SB21, SB17, SB19, and SB25 should be further tested to investigate the
biological activity of these compounds at different concentrations and under various ecological conditions, as well as
on different insect species. This research established that quinazolinone derivatives have a broad spectrum of activity
on the larvae of the greater wax moth, further confirming their potential as regulators of insect growth and
development
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production on family farm "Stipić Željka "
No full textProsječni prinos suncokreta na Poljoprivrednom obrtu „Željka Stipić“ u 2023. godini iznosio je 3,1 t/ha, a apsolutna masa tog sjemena iznosila je 92 g. Tijekom 2022. godine zahtjevi prema vodi i suncu su ispunjeni te je prinos bio zadovoljavajući, oko 2,5 t/ha. Suncokret se gnoji sa 200 kg/ha KAN-a, 100 – 150 kg/ha NPK (15-15-15), te 150kg/ha UREA-e. Količina sjemena koja se sije po hektaru ovisi o njegovoj klijavosti i čistoći, masi 1000 zrna i gustoća sklopa, a najčešće je potrebno od 4-6 kg/ha. U zapadnoj Hrvatskoj sije se tako da broj biljaka po hektaru iznosi oko 65 000. Žetva se obavlja u rujnu, žitnim kombajnom s prilagođenim hederom.The average yield of sunflowers at the Agricultural Trade "Željka Stipić" in 2023 was 3.1 t/ha, and the absolute weight of those seeds was 92 g. During 2022, the requirements for water and sunlight were met and the yield was satisfactory, cca 2,5 t/ha. Sunflower is fertilized with 200 kg/ha of KAN, 100-150 kg/ha of NPK (15-15-15), and 150 kg/ha of UREA. The amount of seed per hectare depends on its germination and purity, the weight of 1000 grains and the density of the assembly, and most often 4-6 kg/ha is required. In western Croatia, it is sown so that the number of plants per hectare is about 65,000. Harvesting is done in September, using a grain combine with an adapted header
Heat stres in pigs
No full textToplinski stres je jedan od najvećih izazova u proizvodnji svinja, s obzirom na to da su svinje osjetljive na promjene temperature i vlažnosti zraka. Uzroci toplinskog stresa su različiti, a uključuju visoke temperature, vlažnost, niski protok zraka, nedostatak vode, neadekvatnu ventilaciju, lošu kvalitetu zraka i prenatrpanost životinjama. Toplinski stres može uzrokovati niz štetnih učinaka na zdravlje i dobrobit svinja, uključujući smanjenje apetita, rastu, reproduktivnih performansi i imunološkog sustava. Također, toplinski stres može povećati incidenciju bolesti i smrtnost u svinjogojstvu. Kako bi se smanjio toplinski stres kod svinja, potrebno je osigurati adekvatnu ventilaciju i rashlađivanje, osigurati dovoljnu količinu svježe vode i hrane, te izbjegavati prenatrpanost životinjama. Osim toga, treba obratiti pozornost na genetske predispozicije svinja prema toplinskom stresu, kao i na način prehrane i raspored hranjenja. U cilju uspješnog upravljanja toplinskim stresom u svinjogojstvu, važno je razumjeti uzroke, učinke i strategije prevencije i kontrole toplinskog stresa kod svinja. To će omogućiti proizvođačima svinja da postignu optimalne performanse proizvodnje i poboljšaju dobrobit svojih životinja.Heat stress is one of the biggest challenges in pig production, given that pigs are sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. The causes of heat stress are varied and include high temperature, humidity, low air flow, lack of water, inadequate ventilation, poor air quality and overcrowding of animals. Heat stress can cause a number of adverse effects on the health and welfare of pigs, including reductions in appetite, growth, reproductive performance and the immune system. Also, heat stress can increase disease incidence and mortality in pig farming. In order to reduce heat stress in pigs, it is necessary to ensure adequate ventilation and cooling, to ensure a sufficient amount of fresh water and food, and to avoid overcrowding of animals. In addition, attention should be paid to the genetic predisposition of pigs to heat stress, as well as to the diet and feeding schedule. In order to successfully manage heat stress in pig farming, it is important to understand the causes, effects and strategies for the prevention and control of heat stress in pigs. This will enable pig producers to achieve optimal production performance and improve the welfare of their animals
Influence of water and salt stress on the growth and morphological properties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
No full textZelena salata (Lactuca sativa L.) je jedna od najrasprostranjenijih vrsta lisnatog povrća u svijetu. Pripada porodici Cichoriaceae te rodu Lactuca. Može se uzgajati u zaštićenom prostoru, kao i na otvorenom, a najveći proizvođači zelene salate u svijetu su Kina, SAD, Indija, Španjolska, Italija i Japan. Proizvodnja zelene salate suočena je s brojnim izazovima koji su često povezani s okolišnim čimbenicima. Značajan utjecaj na rast i razvoj zelene salate imaju vodni i solni stres. Vodni stres uzrokovan nedostatkom vode se javlja kada je količina vode u tkivu ili stanici biljke manja od količine vode u stanju optimalne hidratiziranosti, dok je solni stres uzrokovan povećanim salinitetom vode za navodnjavanje ili nakupljanjem iona soli u oraničnom sloju tla, odnosno u uzgojnom mediju. Navedeni stresni čimbenici mogu značajno utjecati na rast i morfološka svojstva uzrokujući smanjenje fotosintetske učinkovitosti i vodnog potencijala biljke, osmotske prilagodbe, smanjenje biomase, odbacivanje lišća, venuće biljke i pad prinosa. Istraživanja razina tolerantnosti različitih kultivara zelene salate na vodni i solni stres zauzimaju važnu ulogu u ostvarenju visokih prinosa.Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most widespread types of leafy vegetables in the world. It belongs to the Cichoriaceae family and the Lactuca genus. It can be grown in greenhouses and on open fields, and the largest producers of lettuce in the world are China, the USA, India, Spain, Italy, and Japan. Lettuce production is faced with numerous challenges that are often related to environmental factors. Water and salt stress significantly influence the growth and development of lettuce. Water stress caused by a lack of water occurs when the amount in the plant's tissue or cell is less than that in a state of optimal hydration. At the same time, salt stress is caused by increased salinity of irrigation water or the accumulation of salt ions in the arable soil layer, i.e., in the growing medium. Those stress factors can significantly affect growth and morphological properties, causing a decrease in the plant's photosynthetic efficiency and water potential, osmotic adjustments, reduction of biomass, rejection of leaves, wilting of the plant, and drop in yield. Research on the tolerance levels of different lettuce cultivars to water and salt stress plays an important role in achieving high yields
The impact of climate change on the sustainability of intensive beekeeping production
No full textDiplomski rad analizira utjecaj klimatskih promjena na pčelarske zajednice i intenzivnu pčelarsku proizvodnju. Razmatra se kako porast temperature, promjene u obrascima padalina i ekstremni vremenski uvjeti utječu na zdravlje pčela, dostupnost hrane i ekosustave. Također se analiziraju prilagodbe i strategije koje pčelari mogu implementirati kako bi očuvali produktivnost i održivost pčelarstva u novim klimatskim uvjetima, s posebnim naglaskom na globalne izazove i prilagodbe lokalnih ekotipova pčela.This master's thesis examines the impact of climate change on beekeeping communities and intensive beekeeping production. It discusses how rising temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and extreme weather conditions affect bee health, food availability, and ecosystems. Furthermore, the thesis analyzes adaptations and strategies that beekeepers can implement to preserve productivity and sustainability under new climate conditions, with a particular focus on global challenges and adaptations of local bee ecotype
Conservation tillage of the soil in soybean cultivation (Glycine max. L. Merr.)
No full textSve izraženije nepovoljne vremenske prilike u vegetaciji soje zahtijevaju implementaciju učinkovitih mjera poput konzervacijske obrade tla u svrhu ostvarenja stabilnosti prinosa soje. Pokus s konzervacijskim sustavima obrade tla proveden je u istočnoj Hrvatskoj (Čačinci) s ciljem utvrđivanja utjecaja različitih sustava obrade tla na prinos i žetveni indeks soje. Pokus je proveden kao potpuno slučajan blok raspored u tri ponavljanja s tri tretmana obrade tla: ST – konvencionalna obrada (oranje na dubinu od 30 cm), CTD – duboka konzervacijska obrada (rahljenje na dubinu od 30 cm) i minimalna prekrivenost površine od 30 % i CTS – plitka konzervacijska obrada (rahljenje na dubinu od 10 cm) i minimalna prekrivenost površine od 50%. Najveći prosječni prinos soje (3,36 t ha-1) i žetveni indeks (44,42 %) ostvareni su na CTD tretmanu obrade tla. CTS tretman sustav obrade rezultirao je s najmanjim prosječnim prinosom soje (2,92 t ha-1) i žetvenim indeksom (37,89%). Duboka konzervacijska obrada u tla u ovom istraživanju može se preporučiti kao najpogodniji sustav obrade u uzgoju soje tijekom nepovoljnih vremenskih uvjeta.Increasingly unfavorable weather conditions in the soybean vegetation require the implementation of effective measures such as conservation tillage in order to achieve stable soybean yields. An experiment with conservation tillage systems was conducted in eastern Croatia (Čačinci) with the aim of determining the influence of different tillage systems on the yield and harvest index of soybeans. The experiment was carried out as a completely randomized block design in three replications with three tillage treatments: ST - conventional tillage (ploughing to a depth of 30 cm), CTD - deep conservation tillage (loosening to a depth of 30 cm) and minimum surface coverage of 30% and CTS – shallow conservation treatment (loosening to a depth of 10 cm) and minimum surface coverage of 50%. The highest average soybean yield (3.36 t ha-1) and harvest index (44.42 %) were achieved in the CTD tillage treatment. The CTS treatment resulted in the lowest average soybean yield (2.92 t ha-1) and harvest index (37.89%). Deep soil conservation tillage in this research can be recommended as the most suitable tillage system in soybean cultivation during unfavorable weather conditions
Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. ) production technology at PO " Gelenčir "
No full textU istraživanju je prikazana tehnologija proizvodnje krumpira te pozitivne i negativne strane kod proizvodnje krumpira. U radu su detaljno opisani koraci proizvodnje krumpira. Istraživanje je provedeno na poljoprivrednom zemljištu veličine 10 hektara u vlasništvu poljoprivrednog obrta „Gelenčir“ 2022. godine. Korišteno je sjeme industrijske sorte opal veličine 35-45 mm, a sadnja je obavljena 1. travnja 2022. U istraživanju je vidljivo da je krumpir kultura koja je izuzetno osjetljiva na utjecaj vremenskih uvjeta i pravilnost izvođenja agrotehničkih zahvata te njihovo pravovremeno obavljanje. Godine 2022. je u lipnju u srpnju nastupila suša, što se negativno odrazilo na nalijevanje gomolja te je rezultiralo niskim prinosom od 20 t/ha, čime nisu pokrivena ulaganja.This research presents the technology of potato production, highlighting both the positive and negative aspects of potato cultivation. The paper provides a detailed description of the steps involved in potato production. The study was conducted on agricultural land covering an area of 10 hectares owned by the agricultural trade "Gelenčir" in the year 2022. The planting took place on April 1, 2022, using industrial variety seed Opal, sized 35-45 mm. The research reveals that potatoes are a highly sensitive crop, influenced by weather conditions and the proper execution of agrotechnical practices, including their timely implementation. In 2022, drought occurred in June and July, negatively impacting tuber development and resulting in a low yield of 20 t/ha, which did not cover the investment costs
Milk production sucess at Simmental breed d.o.o. farm
No full textCilj diplomskog rada je bio obrada proizvodnih i organizacijskih podataka na farmi Janjić Simmental
Breed d.o.o., te uspoređivanje proizvodnih rezultata farme sa proizvodnim rezultatima Federacije Bosne i
Hercegovine. U početku rada opisan je razvoj suvremenog govedarstva u svijetu, u Hrvatskoj te u Bosni i
Hercegovini, te pasmine goveda koje se najčešće uzgajaju u Hrvatskoj i u Bosni i Hercegovini. Detaljno je opisan
organizacijski dio farme, odnosno organizacija hranidbe, mužnje i ostalih poslova na farmi. Glavnina diplomskog
rada odnosila se na proizvodne pokazatelje farme Janjić Simmental Breed d.o.o., odnosno ukupna proizvodnja
mlijeka koja je analizirana u svim parametrima, kao što su nutritivna vrijednost, kemijski sastav i sama količina.
U radu je analizirano brojčano stanje goveda u svim kategorijama, te njihovo kretanje kroz 2022. i 2023. godinu.
Glavni cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti status farme Janjić Simmental Breed d.o.o. na razini države. Usporedbom
podataka za 2023. godinu zaključeno je da proizvodnja mlijeka na farmi Janjić Simmental Breed d.o.o. iznad
prosjeka Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine u većini analiziranih parametara. Posebno bi istaknuo visok volumen
proizvodnje mlijeka po govedu, što je ključni pokazatelj za proizvođače mlijeka. Na temelju ostvarenih rezultata,
zaključuje se da je proizvodnja i organizacija na farmi izuzetno dobra, te se očekuje daljnji napredak u budućnosti.The aim of the master's thesis was to process production and organizational data at Janjić Simmental
Breed d.o.o. farm, and to compare the farm's production results with the production results of the Federation of
Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the beginning of the thesis, the development of modern cattle breeding in the world,
in Croatia, and in Bosnia and Herzegovina was described, as well as the cattle breeds most commonly raised in
Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The organizational part of the farm was described in detail, i.e., the
organization of feeding, milking, and other tasks on the farm. The main part of the master's thesis focused on the
production indicators of Janjić Simmental Breed d.o.o. farm, i.e., the total milk production which was analyzed
in all parameters, such as nutritional value, chemical composition, and quantity. The numerical status of cattle in
all categories was analyzed in the thesis, as well as their movement through 2022 and 2023. The main goal of the
research was to assess the status of Janjić Simmental Breed d.o.o. farm at the state level. By comparing the data
for 2023, it was concluded that milk production at Janjić Simmental Breed d.o.o. farm is above the average of
the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in most analyzed parameters. I would particularly emphasize the high
volume of milk production per head, which is a key indicator for milk producers. Based on the achieved results,
it is concluded that production and organization on the farm are extremely good, and further progress is expected
in the future
The influence of quinazolinone derivativeson representatives of beneficial soil bacteria
No full textRastuća rezistentnost fitopatogena na postojeće pesticide, kao i očuvanje okoliša od štetnog utjecaja
istih, postaje sve veći problem koji stručnjaci agrobiotehničkih znanosti pokušavaju riješiti pronalaskom
novih spojeva za suzbijanje fitopatogena uz minimalne posljedice za okoliš. Kinazolinoni i njihov derivati su
spojevi visoke biološke aktivnosti te su prepoznati u medicini, farmaciji i farmakologiji s njihovim
antibakterijskim, antifugalnim, antiviralnim, protuupalnim, antitumorskim i antikunvuzivnim djelovanjem.
Stručnjaci u agrobiotehničkim znanostima prepoznali su potencijal ovih spojeva te su istraživanja usmjerena
prema pronalasku derivata koji će u budućnosti zamjeniti uporabu postojećih toksičnih pesticida. Cilj ovog
istraživanja bio je prikazati na koji način ispitani derivati kinazolinona utječu na predstavnike korisnih
bakterija u tlu, Bacillus mycoides i Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Istraživanje je provedeno u in vitro uvijetima
pri čemi nije zabilježen inhibitorni utjecaj na spomenute predstavnike tla. Buduća istraživanja trebaju se
fokusirati na pronalazak još učinkovitijih derivata, potencijalnih pesticida, uz naglasak na očuvanje okoliša te
minimalan utjecaj na korisni mikrobiom tla.The increasing resistance of phytopathogens to existing pesticides, as well as the preservation of
the environment from their harmful effects, is becoming a growing problem that experts in agrobiotechnical
sciences are trying to solve by finding new compounds to control phytopathogens with minimal
consequences for the environment. Quinazolinones and their derivatives are compounds recognized in
medicine, pharmacy and pharmacology due to their high biological activity. Experts in these sciences have
proven their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and anticonvulsant effects.
Experts in agrobiotechnical sciences have recognized the potential of these compounds, and research is
aimed at finding derivatives that will replace the use of existing pesticides in the future. The aim of this
research was to show how the explored quinazolinone derivatives affect representatives of beneficial bacteria
in the soil, B. mycoides and B. japonicum. The research conducted under in vitro conditions where noan
inhibitory effect on the mentioned representatives in the soil. Future research should focus on finding more
effective derivatives, potencial pesticides, to control phytopathogens while emphasizing environmental
protection