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Возможности ультразвукового исследования сосудистого тонуса брюшного отдела аорты у лабораторных животных
Get PDFThe aim of the work was to elaborate the method of ultrasound examination and to assess the ultrasound standards of anatomic structures and hemodynamic parameters of abdominal aorta of rats, 4 month old.Methods. The study was carried out on the twelve 120-day laboratory male-rats of Wistar line with mass 180–200 g. Using ultrasound examination in B-regime the intraluminal diameter of vessel, the width of intima complex – media, endothelium dependent and endothelium independent dilatation were assessed. The study of quantitative characteristics of the blood flow: peak systolic speed of blood flow, final diastolic speed of blood flow, resistance index and systolodyastolic ratio was carried out in the regime of pulsed-wave dopplerography (PW-regime). The heartbeat frequency was assessed using cardiac module.Results. It was proved, that the assessment of four quantitative dopplerographic parameters: peak systolic speed of blood flow, final diastolic speed of blood flow, resistance index and systolodyastolic ratio can most fully represent the hemodynamic changes in abdominal aorta at different states, including pathological ones. The received data can be used as basic ones for setting experiment in assessment of hemodynamic changes with a possibility of extrapolation on human teen age.Conclusion. The ultrasound technologies are used in experiments with laboratory animals rather seldom but they have the series of undoubted advantages. The one of them is noninvasiveness and possibility of repeated use in the process of experiment that allows carry out the dynamic control over formation of pathological state. It is possible to assess the qualitative and quantitative hemodynamic characteristics in the real time scale. At the same time the method of ultrasound examination is rather cheap, doesn’t need the special room, the portative equipment can be used in the conditions of laboratory or vivariumБыло проведено ультразвуковое исследование брюшного отдела аорты 4-х месячных крыс и оценены ультразвуковые нормативы анатомических структур и параметров гемодинамики. Полученные данные могут быть использованы как базовые для постановки эксперимента в оценке изменений гемодинамики. Ультразвуковые технологии обладают рядом неоспоримых преимуществ, которые должны расширить границы их применения в экспериментах на лабораторных животны
Використання дистанційної інфрачервоної термографії в діагностиці гострих параназальних синуїтів
Get PDFAim of research. The improvement of the quality of diagnostics in patients with acute paranasal sinusitis, based on the remote infrared thermography.Materials and methods. 300 patients were examined. Among them: patients with acute paranasal sinusitis – 200 persons and control group – 100 persons. These data are based on the result of analysis of thermographic examination of patients with acute paranasal sinusitis. The age of patients varied within 19–91years.RIT was realized in all thematic patients and control group, using thermograph of 3 generation on the base of microbolometric matrix with format 384х288 elements with inserted screen.Examination and treatment was carried out on the clinical base of otolaryngology department of KNMU: in ENT department and polyclinic of Kharkiv regional hospital from 2015 to 2016 inclusive.Results. The distribution of parameters of the remote infrared thermography of paranasal sinuses in practically healthy people was established depending on age and sex. At that the thermoasymmetry was not more than 0,4 °С (р<0,05).At interpretation of thermographic picture at the catarrhal, serous and purulent sinusitis we revealed that the temperature parameters are raised in projection of pathological process statistic reliability.At the acute catarrhal sinusitis – Т=34,6±0,7 °С, where êТ=0,4–0,9 °С, serous – Т=34,3±0,5 °С, where êТ=1,0–1,4 °С, acute purulent – Т=34,6±0,85 °С, where êТ=1,5–2,5 °С.Conclusions. Thus, using the data of infrared thermography, received at analysis of thermograms of practically healthy people and patients with problems in projection of paranasal sinuses, the early diagnostics of the acute inflammatory process in nasal sinuses can be realizedЗгідно епідеміологічним дослідженням (ВООЗ, EPOS, IDSA 2012) в світі 15 % дорослого населення і 5 % дітей страждають запальними захворюваннями навколоносових пазух (ННП).Пошук нових та модернізація вже існуючих методів діагностики гострих риносинуїтів залишається актуальним і сьогодні.Одним з таких методів є діагностика гострих параназальних синуїтів за допомогою дистанційної інфрачервоної термографі
Зміни амінокислотного складу крові, асоційовані з репродуктивними втратами, та їх корекція
Get PDFThe results of examination of women with reproductive losses (RL) in anamnesis, realized within medical-genetic consultation for explanation of the role of changes of heterochromatin (chromosome polymorphism) and the features of folate metabolism in women with RL with the perspective of individualization of preconception support on the base of determination of character of causal relation between these phenomena, were presented in the article.Aim of research: specification of the role of chromosome polymorphism and changes of amino acid composition of blood in women as the possible markers of high risk of RL.Material and methods: two groups of women were examined: I - 154 observations with obstetric anamnesis, complicated with RL and II - 32 practically healthy women with non-complicated reproductive anamnesis, who underwent preconception prophylaxis before planning of pregnancy. The genealogical anamnesis, features of the state of internal organs, genitals were studied. The special studies included cytogenetic analysis, determination of the level of free sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine, cystine, cysteine, taurine) by the method of highly effective liquid chromatography.Results: The frequency of structural changes of chromosomes in women with RL is 36,4 %. The types of slight chromosome anomalies in 3,9 % was the carriage of extremal variants of C-polymorphism; in 18,8 % – polymorphism of adjacent districts of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 17, 21, 22; in 1,9 % – increased size of сentromere heterochromatin in chromosome; in isolated cases – the increase of linear sizes of heterochromatin districts of 9 chromosome and combination of polymorphism of adjacent districts of 15 chromosomes. In 7,1 % of cases polymorphism of adjacent districts of 21 chromosome was detected. The statistical connection between the carriage of chromosome and gene polymorphism in women with RL in anamnesis was detected. The significant difference between the main and control groups was detected only for methionine among sulfur-containing amino acids. Hyperhomocysteinemia was detected in 71,9 % of women of the main group.Conclusions: Preventive strategy as to reproductive losses must provide the timely diagnostics and correction of disorders of folate cycle that is determinative component of personalized primary prophylaxis of the disorder of reproductive function of family in the modern Ukrainian populationУ статті наведено результати обстеження жінок з репродуктивними втратами в анамнезі, проведеного в межах медико-генетичного консультування, для з’ясування ролі змін гетерохроматину (хромосомного поліморфізму) і особливостей фолатного обміну в жінок з репродуктивними втратами. Превентивна стратегія щодо репродуктивних втрат має передбачати своєчасну діагностику та корекцію порушень фолатного циклу, що є визначальною складовою персоналізованої первинної профілактики порушень репродуктивної функції сім'ї в сучасній українській популяці
Визначення ступеня тяжкості розсіяних ателектазів легень у недоношених новонароджених з екстремально малою масою тіла за даними рентгенографії
Get PDFThe aim of our research is in improvement of diagnostics of diffuse lung atelectasis (DLA) in preterm infants with extremely low body weight by X-ray data by the way of objectivization of its severity grade.Methods of research: We analyzed the data of X-ray photographs of breast organs (BO) of 13 preterm infants with extremely low body weight that DLA was diagnosed in. Among them were 8 boys and 5 girls. X-ray photographs of 15 children with extremely low body weight without DLA were studied as the group of comparison.Results: Statistical analysis of the data that characterized DLA in preterm children with extremely low body weight was carried out. At the study of X-ray photographs of BO of the control group, there were not detected the focal shades along the lung fields, diaphragm cupolas were placed not higher than 6 rib and cardiothoracic index did not exceed 55.In studied group the prevalence of focal shades up to the one third of lung field was observed in 2 children (15,38 %), up to two thirds of lung field– 5 preterm infants (38,46 %) and along all lung fields in 6 children (46,15 %).The displacement of right cupola of diaphragm to the 6 rib was observed in 3 children (23,08 %), to the level of 5 rib – 4 children (30,77 %), to the level of 4 rib and higher – 6 children (46,15 %).Cardiothoracic index within 55-57 was observed in 4 preterm infants (30,77 %), in 5 children (38,46 %) index was 58-60 and in 6 children exceeded 61.Conclusion: The researches allowed divide the diffuse lung atelectasis in preterm infants with extremely low body weight in three severity grades by X-ray dataМетою нашого дослідження було покращення діагностики розсіяних ателектазів легень (РАЛ) у недоношених новонароджених з екстремально низькою масою тіла за рентгенограмметричними даними шляхом об’єктивізації ступеня його тяжкості. Проведені дослідження дозволили розподілити РАЛ у недоношених новонароджених з екстремально низькою масою тіла за рентгенограмметричними даними на три ступені тяжкост
Клініко-експериментальне дослідження ефективності використання Нуклео Ц.М.Ф. форте при травмах нерва.
Get PDFThe object of our research was: morphological ultrastructural changes in nerves after nerve injury experimental modeling; clinical signs of inferior alveolar nerve trauma in cases of mandible fractures.Materials and methods. Surgery with nerve mobilization, and nerve compression by Pean forceps for 5 minutes were carried out. Then, animal control, treatment using Nucleo CMF Forte within 10 days, and collection of material for histological study at the end of research were carried out. Clinical efficiency of Nucleo CMF Forte was studied. The study of subjective (spontaneous pain parameters, NTSS – 9 scale), objective (tactile sensitivity excitation degree, pain sensitivity excitation area, symptoms of thermal heat and cold hyperalgesia, dynamic and static components of mechanical hyperalgesia), and instrumental study (sensitivity threshold value, pain threshold, pain tolerance level) was carried out.Results. Ultrastructural research revealed significant degenerative and destructive changes in axial cylinders axoplasm after proximal section clamping, clamping place and distal section of sciatic nerve. Significant destructive changes were found in myelin sheath. Myelin sheath was homogeneous and structureless in some nerve fibers. In other nerve fibers, myelin sheath characterized by randomly oriented filamentary formations, which were divided by low electron density areas.After Nucleo CMF Forte treatment, both in proximal section, and in clamping place, and in distal section of sciatic nerve ultrastructural changes were less pronounced, comparing with rats, not being treated after sciatic nerve compression. Nerve roots swelling, as well as nerve fibers degeneration also were less pronounced. Along with single myelin fibers with destruction signs, fibers with minor changes were located, as well as similar ones in intact rats. In distal section of sciatic nerve ultrastructural signs were found, indicating the increased intracellular regeneration.Clinical research has shown following results. A spontaneous pain indicators 0.22±0.42 points, 6.72 times less than the comparison group (р<0.05). NTSS – 9 scale indicators were 2.,53±0.50 points, 5.77 times less than the comparison group (р<0.05). Tactile sensitivity excitation were 0.84±0.36 points, 3.2 times less than the comparison group (р<0.05). Pain sensitivity excitation area was 2.96±0.31 cm2, 2.63 times less than the same in the comparison group (р<0.05). Symptoms of thermal heat and cold hyperalgesia, dynamic and static components of mechanical hyperalgesia completely disappeared. Values of sensitivity threshold (16.73±0.75), pain threshold (37.46±0.79), and pain tolerance level (53.09±0.79) almost meet all indices of the undamaged side (15.68±1.41, 36.58±1.01, and 52.24±1.01, respectively) (р<0.05). The obtained results show a significant positive clinical efficiency of the remedy, containing nucleotides.Conclusion. Considering all mentioned ultrastructural morphological changes, we certainly can affirm, that the use of Nucleo CMF Forte affects favorably preservation and restoration of nerve structures, and promotes its quick and complete recovery after injury. The given remedy improves nerve fibers recovery both in proximal section, and in nerve fiber injury place (compression), and in distal section, showing itself as neuroprotective and neuroregenerative agent at the tissue and cellular levels. The mentioned diagnostic methods can detect the signs of inferior alveolar nerve dysfunction, as well as allow studying nerve recovery dynamics during the treatment. The obtained results of research point to clinical efficiency of the remedy, containing nucleotidesМетою нашого дослідження стало дослідження ефективності лікування пошкодження нерва з використанням препарату Нуклео Ц.М.Ф. форте. Проведено експериментальне дослідження на щурах лінії Wistar та моделювання механічної травми нерва шляхом перетискання стегнового нерва щура. Препарат Нуклео Ц.М.Ф. форте сприяє збереженню та відновлення нервового волокна як на тканинному так і на клітинному рівні. Виконано дослідження клінічної ефективності Нуклео Ц.М.Ф. форте. Отримані результати показують значну позитивну клінічну ефективність препарат
Дослідження варіабельністі ритму серця у пацієнтів з початковими проявами хронічної ішемії мозку
Get PDFWe carried out the research, aimed at the assessment of the features of vegetative balance state and of the character of interconnection with endothelial function in patients with primary manifestations of chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI).Material and methods. There were examined 108 persons with primary manifestations of CCI. Patients were divided in two groups depending on presence of neuroimaging changes in brain of probably vascular origin, and patient of 2 group were divided in two subgroups (A and B) according to absence and presence of cerebral atrophy. All patients underwent generally clinical, clinical-neurological, clinical-instrumental and clinical-laboratory examinations. For the study of the heart rhythm variability (HRV) the Holter monitoring of ECG was carried out. The vasomotor function of endothelium was assessed by the content of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitrite in blood plasma.Results and their discussion. In persons of all groups the increase of value of HRV parameters were observed reliably more often than their decrease (р<0,05) that could testify to the higher activity of parasympathetic link of regulation.The reverse moderate correlation was revealed between SDNN index and ЕТ-1 level (r=-0,352, р=0,018).The increase of intima-media complex (IMC) thickness was associated with index SDNN (=6,5; V Cramer=0,358, р=0,038) and index SDАNN (=5,85; V Cramer=0,339, р=0,05).Conclusions. On the background of increase of the general tone of parasympathetic link in persons with primary manifestations of CC, the signs of decrease of brain and vasomotor dysfunction, an increase of activity of ANS sympathetic link was observedНа тлі підвищення загального тонусу парасимпатичної ланки автономної нервової системи (АНС) у осіб з початковими проявами хронічної ішемії мозку та ознаками легкої церебральної атрофії, за умов розвитку судиннорухової дисфункції ендотелію (переважно вазоконстрикторної ланки) спостерігалося збільшення активності симпатичних впливів АН
Вичення запаморочення при гострих ішемічних порушеннях головного мозку в вертебробазилярній системі
No full textThe work is devoted to the study of vertigo in patients with acute ischemic brain disorders.The purpose of the study – studying the role of acute cerebral ischemia in the formation of vertigo in patients with focal and transient ischemic deficits in the vertebrobasilar system.Material and methods. The study is based on the results of a prospective analysis of 37 patients with acute cerebral pathology in vertebrobasilar territory. The patients were examined and treated in the neurological departments "Kharkiv State Clinical Hospital №7». We used clinical and neurological method, investigated the condition of the main arteries of the head, digital ultrasonic diagnostic scanning system. Brain structure was investigated on MRI.The study showed, that in acute manifestations of vascular disease in the vertebrobasilar system isolated vertigo is rare, most often a combination of vertigo occurs with neurological symptoms.Neuroimaging results did not conclusively interpreted the relationship of dizziness with acute cerebral ischemia in the vertebrobasilar system; further research with the assistance of modern technology in the form of magnetic resonance angiography of brain vessels, duplex ultrasonography, and statistical methods.The prevalence of high degree of stenosis (50% to 85%) of arteries of vertebrobasilar system at the ultrasound indicates a high risk of stroke in the population and the need to optimize the preventive measures.To solve the problems of early diagnosis and prevention of vertigo in acute ischemic cerebral disorders the program of preventive measures cerebrovascular disease should include screening ultrasound for the detection of this pathology already at an early (asymptomatic) stage of the diseaseВивчалася роль гострої ішемії головного мозку в вертебробазилярній системі у формуванні запаморочення у 37 обстежених хворих. Використовували клінічний та інструментальні методи. Виявлено: при гострих проявах судинної патології в вертебробазилярному басейні ізольоване вестибулярне запаморочення зустрічається рідко, частіше спостерігається поєднання системного запаморочення з неврологічними симптомам
Исследование профиля специфических аутоантител при различных формах ВЭБ-инфекции
Get PDFThere were presented the data of dynamics of specific autoimmune markers levels at acute and chronic forms of Epstein barr viral infection in adults. The received results testify to activation of autoimmune processes, especially in patients with chronic clinical course of disease.Aim of research. To assess the dynamics of specific autoimmune markers in adult patients with the different variants of EB viral infection.Methods. The study of levels of specific antibodies to phospholipids (IgM and IgG), antibodies to the native DNA IgG (ADNA 2) and antibodies IgG to microsomes of liver and kidneys (anti-LKM-1) by IEA in the dynamics of disease included 2 groups of patients (n=84), among them 44 men (52,4 %) and 40 women (47,6 %). The group of patients with acute form of EB viral infection included 48 patients (57,1 %), with chronic form – 36 patients (42,9 %). Antibodies concentration in blood serum was determined by the solid-phase immune-enzyme analysis in the dynamics of disease: at admission of patients (I period) and in the period of recovery (14-18-th day of disease) – I period on the background of etiotropic, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy. Statistical procession of the results was carried out using the program Statistika 6.0 for Windows (Stat Soft Inc, USA).Results. During the research it was established the increase of content of specific autoimmune parameters comparing with ones of the control group. At both acute and chronic forms the reliable increase of content of antibodies to ADNA 2 (7,96±1,4 IU/ml) and (8,98±1,1 IU/ml) was revealed comparing with parameters of the control group (5,4±1,4 IU/ml), (p<0,05). Analogous tendency was observed as to the levels of phospholipid antibodies: (4,62±1,5 IU/ml) and (4,95±1,1 IU/ml) comparing with parameters of the control group (3,6±1,8 IU/ml) and antibodies to macrosomes of liver and kidneys (anti-LKM-1) (8,64±1,5 IU/ml) and (9,36±1,11IU/ml), comparing with parameters of the control group (6,6±1,1 IU/ml), (p<0,05). At the repeated examination in II period the tendency to decrease of the studied parameters levels was observed comparing with I one, but in patients with chronic EB viral infection the level of antiphospholipid antibodies reliably exceeded the parameters of the control group of patients (4,95±1,12 IU/ml) comparing with (3,6±1,8 IU/ml), (p<0,05).Conclusions. In patients with the different forms of EB viral infection the increase of content of specific antibodies to phospholipids (IgM and IgG), antibodies to the native DNA IgG (ADNA 2) and antibodies IgG to microsomes of liver and kidneys (anti-LKM-1)was observed and it was mostly expressed at the chronic clinical course of diseaseВ работе представлены данные динамики уровней аутоиммунных маркеров при различных формах Эпштейна-Барр вирусной инфекции у взрослых больных. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о возможной активации аутоиммунных процессов, особенно у больных с хроническим течением, что позволяет использовать их в качестве дополнительных критериев прогнозирования развития возможных осложнений и проведения своевременной медикаментозной коррекци
Особливості психологічного стану членів сім’ї онкологічного хворого на різних етапах лікувального процесу
Get PDFThe study of mental stress manifestation features of cancer patients’ relatives in different stages of treatment process.Contingent and methods. The research was carried out at Kyiv city clinical oncology center. According to informed consent, 218 cancer patients’ relatives participated in psychodiagnostic survey.Results. Psychological problems of cancer patients’ relatives dealt with the lack of information, personal emotions, interaction with patient, and involvement in the treatment process. Patient’s relatives showed different behavior models during the treatment process, namely hyper care, estrangement, and balanced contact. During primary antitumor treatment in cancer patient’s relatives, mental distress was due to the lack of information, and the lack of skills for counteracting stress, caused by their relative disease; repeated anticancer therapy period characterized by effective coping and adaptation to the situation formation; palliative stage characterized by tension repeated rise, and reorientation to a new strategy of help.Conclusion. Mental distress manifestation in cancer patients’ relatives pointed to the necessity of medical and psychological assistance for themНа етапі первинного протипухлинного лікування у членів сім’ї онкологічного хворого психічні зрушення були обумовлені нестачею інформації, відсутністю навиків протидії стресу, викликаного онкопатологією у близької людини. Період повторної протипухлинної терапії характеризувався формуванням ефективного копінгу та пристосуванням до ситуації. Для паліативного етапу були властивими повторне наростання напруженості, переорієнтація на нову стратегію допомог
Особливості перебігу ентеровірусної інфекції у дітей у Львівській області впродовж 2015 року
Get PDFIntroduction. Enterovirus diseases occupy the one of the main places among the viral infections in Ukraine and beyond it. More than half of all diseases with tremens in children are caused by enteroviruses.Grounding of research. The significant prevalence of enteroviruses, their high durability in the external environment, absence of the specific prophylaxis and also the cases of virus spread after the end of disease are the cause of both sporadic and mass diseases, result in the growth of their number caused by the wide spectrum of enteroviruses (Kockaki ЕСНО viruses) and development of the different clinical forms – from asymptomatic and catarrhal ones to the forms with the heavy injuries of the nervous system and internal organs. The most patients are children.Aim. To analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of enterovirus infection in children of the different age groups according to the results of retrospective studies.Materials and methods. There were analyzed 305 medical records of stationary sick children 1 month – 18 years old (mean age– 64,31 month (95% EI:51,78 – 60,75), who were treated in MI LRC “LRICH”from 01.01.2015to 31.12.2015 for enterovirus infection (EI), reports of sanitary-epidemiological institution of the Lviv region for this period.Results of research. During the year on the stationary treatment were patients with the different clinic forms of EI. There was observed the distinct summer-autumn seasonality of EI with the reliably higher morbidity index in August– 26 persons (38,23±5,8%), September – 16 (38,09±12,1%), October – 43 (78,18±5,5%). Patients without the injury of brain cortex dominated - 195 persons (63,93±2,7%), serous meningitis developed in 110 children (36,07±2,7%). It was detected that in 19,09% of cases the serous meningitis was caused by ЕСНО-30 and Kokcaki- V. I. viruses. ЕІ was registered more frequently in children of 1-4 years old (112 patients 36,72±2,7%), among which prevailed patients with herpangina - 96 patients (85,71±3,3%). There was established the negative correlation between the cases of herpangina and the age of patients (r= - 0,57 (р<0,05). Between the frequency of the serous meningitis and age of child – the reliable positive correlation (r=0,602, p=0,0001). Conclusions:1. Among the patients hospitalized at LRICH during 2015 the most frequent cases of EI were diagnosed in children of 1-4 years old, most patients had herpangina 96 (85,71±3,3%), among them in 10 (8,933,1%) herpangina was combined with exanthema, meningitis was detected in 9 patients (8,0±2,5%).2. The number of cases of serous meningitis grows with the age of child that is proved with the reliable positive correlation (r=0,602, p=0,0001).3. There was established the distinct summer-autumn seasonality of both EI (the most patients were detected in August - 68 (22,29±2,3%), October - 55 (18,03±2,2%), September - 42 (13,77±2,0%) and serous meningitis (in August - 26 (23,63±4,0%), in September - 16 (14,54±3,4%), in October - 43 (39 03±4,6%).4. The spinal puncture, general and virological studies of CSF in the season of higher EI morbidity level is the necessary component of diagnostics of the serous meningitis even at the absence of meningeal symptomsУ статті представлено епідеміологічні та клінічні особливості ентеровірусної інфекції (ЕІ) у 305 дітей, які впродовж 2015 року лікувались у Львівській обласній інфекційній клінічній лікарні. Виявлено чітку літньо-осінню сезонність захворювання, найвищу захворюваність дітей віком до 4 років, превалювання форм ЕІ без ураження головного мозку, які восновному представлені герпангінами. Встановлено, що 19,09 % випадках серозні менінгіти спричинені вірусами ЕСНО-30 і Коксакі В