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Fiktivno fiktivni objekt: Domnevna objektnost ničnosti
Get PDFNothingness is inconceivable, yet at the same time it is not inconceivable because it is actually referred to. I propose several accessibility relations to illustrate that nothingness is not an object at all. The fictional object that Sherlock Holmes is belongs to the domain in some semantic context, but the fictionally fictional object that nothingness is does not. Based on this idea, I will also discuss the semantics and the pragmatics of “Nothingness does not exist”. How is it that it is not an object, unlike Sherlock Holmes, but we attribute to it nonexistence?Ničnost je nepojmljiva, vendar hkrati ni nepojmljiva, ker se dejansko nanaša nanjo. Predstavim več razmerij dostopnosti, da ponazorim, da ničnost sploh ni objekt. Fiktivni objekt, ki je Sherlock Holmes, spada v domeno nekega semantičnega konteksta, fiktivno fiktivni objekt, ki je ničnost, pa ne. Na podlagi te ideje obravnavam tudi semantiko izraza »Ničnost ne obstaja«. Kako to, da ni objekt, za razliko od Sherlocka Holmesa, ampak ji pripisujemo neobstoj
»Nič« – primerjalnofilozofska interakcija v polju med Vzhodom in Zahodom
Get PDFIn our digital age, translation software has come a long way, and in the context of business correspondence the cultural differences between languages have been reduced. However, in the fields of culture, the humanities, religion and philosophies, such differences, and the problems they cause, have not been eliminated, because their truths cannot be expressed in quantitative terms, through equations and schematizations in mathematics, physics and statistics. Generally speaking, the discrepancies are broader in classical scriptures due to the following factors: syntactic differences, differences in the meaning of words in their semantic aspects, and differences in the semiotic aspects of using words and sentences. This article attempts to analyse the basic concepts of “nothingness” in a comparative-philosophical manner, using concepts from Plato, Kant, and Hegel, as well as Daoism, Nāgārjuna (an important exponent of Early Mahayana Buddhism in India), East Asian Zen Buddhism, and Nishida (the founder of the modern Kyoto School). This allows the philosophical concepts of “nothingness” in East and West to be critically but interactively considered in their fundamental aspects.V naši digitalni dobi se je prevajalska programska oprema zelo razvila in v okviru poslovne korespondence so se kulturne razlike med jeziki zmanjšale. Vendar pa na področju kulture, humanistike, religije in filozofije jezikovne razlike in težave, ki jih te povzročajo, niso odpravljene, kajti njihovih resnic ni mogoče izraziti s kvantitativnimi izrazi, z enačbami in shematizacijami v matematiki, fiziki in statistiki. Na splošno so razlike v klasičnih spisih večje zaradi naslednjih dejavnikov: skladenjskih razlik, razlik v pomenu besed v njihovih semantičnih vidikih ter razlik v semiotičnih vidikih uporabe besed in stavkov. Ta članek poskuša analizirati osnovne koncepte »niča« na primerjalnofilozofski način z uporabo konceptov iz Platona, Kanta in Hegla ter daoizma, Nāgārjune (pomembnega predstavnika zgodnjega mahāyānskega budizma v Indiji), vzhodnoazijskega zen budizma in Nishide (ustanovitelja sodobne kjotske šole). To omogoča kritično, toda hkrati interaktivno obravnavo filozofskih konceptov »niča« na Vzhodu in Zahodu v njihovih temeljnih vidikih
Omejitve in obljube participativnega urbanističnega načrtovanja: Izkušnje civilnih svetovalnih odborov in mestnih aktivistov v Tbilisiju
Get PDFDespite efforts to decentralize governance and establish civic advisory boards (CABs) as a mandatory participatory mechanism in Tbilisi, CAB members and urban activists remain dissatisfied with governance and urban planning processes. This study employs qualitative methods, including 34 semi-structured interviews, analysis of administrative data, and a review of legislation and planning documents. It examines participatory urban experiences, assessing the effectiveness of CABs and the role of urban movements. The findings reveal challenges in communication, low public awareness, and limited influence on decision-making. CAB members and activists report weak engagement with the mayor’s office and a consistent disregard for civic input, resulting in ongoing protests that are dismissed by authorities. Strengthening CABs is crucial to ensuring meaningful citizen participation, bridging the gap between the public and policymakers, and addressing the influence of political and economic elites in urban decision-making.Kljub prizadevanjem za decentralizacijo upravljanja in vzpostavitev civilnih svetovalnih odborov (CSO) kot obveznega participativnega mehanizma v Tbilisiju so člani CSO-jev in urbani aktivisti še vedno nezadovoljni s procesi upravljanja in urbanističnega načrtovanja. Študija s pomočjo kvalitativnih metod, vključno s 34 polstrukturiranimi intervjuji, analizo upravnih podatkov ter pregledom zakonodaje in dokumentov o načrtovanju, raziskuje participativne urbane izkušnje, ocenjuje učinkovitost CSO-jev in vlogo urbanih gibanj. Ugotovitve razkrivajo izzive pri komuniciranju, omejeno ozaveščenost javnosti in minimalen vpliv na sprejemanje odločitev. Člani CSO-jev in aktivisti poročajo o šibkem sodelovanju z županovim uradom in neupoštevanju njihovega prispevka, kar vodi v nenehne proteste, ki jih oblasti zavračajo. Krepitev CSO-jev je ključna za zagotavljanje udeležbe državljanov in premostitev vrzeli med javnostjo in oblikovalci politik ter za zmanjšanje vpliva politične in gospodarske elite na sprejemanje odločitev v mestih
Czech Sentences with the Subject Pronoun to and Their Slovenian Equivalents
Get PDFPogoste napake govorcev določenega jezika pri usvajanju drugega jezika lahko pokažejo na pojave, ki so v jeziku, ki se ga učimo, različne od situacije v izhodiščnem jeziku. Ena od razširjenih napak Slovencev pri učenju češčine je izpuščanje zaimka to v osebkovi poziciji in obratno. Tudi Čehi težijo k temu, da ta zaimek uporabljajo v slovenskih stavkih, čeprav v njih raba ni nujna oziroma je celo odvečna. V prispevku bomo skušali analizirati različne tipe stavkov, v katerih je v češčini kazalni zaimek na poziciji osebka skladenjsko obvezen, v slovenščini pa se ga ne uporablja (npr.: Je to výborné – Odlično je).The common mistakes that are made by speakers of a certain language when acquiring a specific second language can point to phenomena that are different and thus of interest in the two languages. One of the widespread mistakes of Slovenians when learning Czech is the omission of the pronoun to (“it”, “this” or “that”) in the subject position, and vice versa. Czechs tend to add this pronoun to Slovene sentences as well, even though it is superfluous in them or even not necessary. In this paper, we will analyse different types of sentences in which the demonstrative pronoun in the subject position is syntactically necessary in Czech, but is not used in Slovenian (e.g.: Je to výborné – Odlično je.)
Contemporary Slovak Fiction and Ritual in Terms of the Use of Narrative and Linguistic Devices (Using the Example of Katarína Kucbelová’s Novella The Bonnet)
Get PDFPrispevek se posveča analizi novele Kataríne Kucbelove z naslovom Čepiec (2019), ki predstavlja eno od tendenc v sodobni slovaški prozi z izpostavljenim vprašanjem identitete in odnosa do tradicije v regionalno, etnično in konfesionalno pestrem okolju. Izhodišče naše jezikovne in literarnovedne analize je ritual, ki je že nekaj časa v središču pozornosti etnoloških, antropoloških, kulturoloških in jezikoslovnih raziskav. Zanima nas, kako se uresničuje v besedilu z vidika literarnih postopkov in izbire uporabljenih jezikovnih sredstev. Literarni del analize obravnava uporabo pripovednih strategij, povezanih z ritualom (tematsko, žanrsko, strukturno). Jezikovni del se osredotoča na jezikovna sredstva, s katerimi avtorica dosega učinek ritualnosti, predvsem z izbiro leksike, simboliko, metaforiko in frazeologijo, ter raziskovana besedila preučuje zlasti z vidika etnolingvistike.The article analyses Katarína Kucbelová’s novella The Bonnet (Čepiec, 2019), which represents one of the tendencies in contemporary Slovak fiction, highlighting the question of identity and the relationship to tradition in a regionally, ethnically and confessionally diverse environment. The basis of our linguistic and literary analysis is ritual, which has long been at the centre of attention in ethnological, anthropological, cultural and also linguistic research. We are interested in how it is manifested in the text in terms of literary procedures and the choice of linguistic devices used. The literary part of the analysis deals with the use of narrative strategies related to ritual (thematically, genre-wise, structurally). The linguistic part focuses on the linguistic means used by the author to achieve the effects of rituality, mainly through the choice of lexis, symbols, metaphors and phraseology, and examines the texts under study mainly from an ethno-linguistic perspective
An Empirical Analysis of Accentuated Units in Slovene Based on the Sloleks Morphological Lexicon of Slovene
Get PDFV prispevku predstavljamo postopek gradnje empirično podprtega izčrpnega seznama naglašenih enot v slovenščini na podlagi Slovenskega oblikoslovnega leksikona Sloleks, in sicer s poudarkom na stalno naglašenih enotah. Obstoječi jezikovni priročniki (npr. Slovenska slovnica, Slovenski pravopis 2001) namreč navajajo le delne podatke brez navedenih pogostosti, strojno berljiv seznam stalno naglašenih enot pa bi zaradi le deloma predvidljivega naglasnega mesta v slovenščini koristil ne le jezikovnim govorcem, temveč tudi strojnim naglaševalnikom. Iz leksikona najprej izvozimo vse naglašene enote in za vsakega od izvoženih naglašenih besednih delov preštejemo, v koliko leksemih se pojavlja, ter izračunamo deleže, v katerih je del naglašen. Na tako pridobljenih podatkih opravimo analizo po besednih vrstah in primerjamo razlike med rezultati, pridobljenimi po našem postopku, in obstoječimi jezikovnimi priročniki. Opišemo sestavo tako nastalega seznama, ki je odprto dostopen na repozitoriju CLARIN.SI, in dokumentiramo postopek njegove gradnje. Novo različico seznama je na enak način mogoče ob posodobitvah leksikona izvoziti z upoštevanjem novih podatkov, ki natančneje odsevajo podobo naglaševanja v slovenščini. V zaključku navedemo še nekaj možnosti za izboljšave in potencialne korake za nadaljnje raziskave.In this paper, we present the process of compiling an empirically based comprehensive list of accentuated units in Slovene based on the Sloleks Morphological Lexicon of Slovene, with an emphasis on constantly accentuated units. Existing language manuals (e.g. the Slovene Grammar and the Slovenian Normative Guide 2001) provide only partial data without specified frequencies. A machine-readable list of constantly accentuated units would be useful not only to language speakers, but also for automatic accentuators due to the only partly predictable place of accentuation in Slovene. We first export all accentuated units from the lexicon, then for each of the exported accentuated word parts we count how many lexemes it occurs in. We calculate the proportions in which the relevant word part is accentuated. We analyse the data obtained in this way by word types and compare the differences between our results and existing Slovene language manuals. We describe the structure of the resulting list, which is openly accessible in the CLARIN.SI repository, and document the process of its compilation. Using the same process, a new version of the list can always be exported when the lexicon is updated, taking into account new data in order to accurately reflect accentuation in Slovene. We finish the paper by listing several possibilities for improvement and potential steps for further research
Feminist Approaches to Performing Arts: The Case of Sex Education II
Get PDFPrispevek pod drobnogled jemlje serijo predavanj-performansov o seksualnem užitku žensk Spolna vzgoja II v režiji Tjaše Črnigoj kot primer feminističnega gledališča v Sloveniji. Uvodoma razdela presečišča feminističnih teorij in uprizoritvenih umetnosti. V vsakem posameznem delu (Diagnoza, Consentire, Zmožnost, Igre, Borba) razmišlja o feminističnih vstopanjih v uprizoritveno prakso tako na nivoju produkcije in snovanja procesa, pri čemer odločilno vlogo igra usmeritev v formo dokumentarnega gledališča, kakor tudi na nivoju vsebinske in formalne analize uprizoritev, kjer Spolna vzgoja II postopoma prehaja od vprašanj teles žensk do širših problematik položaja žensk v družbi in vpliva patriarhata na najintimnejše dele njihovih življenj. Raznolike strategije pristopanja k odrskemu materialu in njegovega posredovanja občinstvu razkrivajo presečnost feminističnega gledališča, kot se udejanja v Spolni vzgoji II.The article examines the series of lecture-performances about the sexual pleasure of women, Sex Education II, directed by Tjaša Črnigoj, as an example of feminist theatre in Slovenia. It begins by exploring the intersections of feminist theories and performing arts. Each component in the series (Diagnosis, Consentire, Ability, Play, Fight) reflects on feminist approaches to performance practice, both in the production and the creative process, wherein the focus on documentary theatre plays a decisive role in the thematic and formal analyses of the performances. Sex Education II gradually transitions from addressing issues of women’s bodies to broader questions about the position of women in society and the influence of patriarchy on the most intimate aspects of their lives. Diverse strategies for approaching stage material and conveying it to the audience reveal the intersectionality of feminist theatre as realised in Sex Education II
Poučevanje ljudskega plesa na podlagi strukturne analize na Madžarskem
No full textThe paper describes the characteristics features of a definite dance motif from Hungary, presents the framework for its re-creation used during teaching and shows the educational process. The application of the methodological principles of the education contributes to the survival of the dance, promotes the traditional improvisational re-creation of the dance that displays individuality.Članek opisuje značilnosti določenega plesnega motiva z Madžarskega, predstavlja okvir za njegovo poustvarjanje, ki se uporablja pri poučevanju, in prikaže izobraževalni proces. Uporaba pedagoških metodoloških načel prispeva k ohranjanju plesa, spodbuja tradicionalno improvizacijsko poustvarjanje plesa, ki izraža individualnost
Moldavski ljudski glasbeni instrumenti in ansambli skupnosti Csángó ter njihove spremembe s časovne, družbene in politične perspektive
No full textAfter the change of regime, from the 1990s onwards, a number of Hungarian ethnographers started fieldwork in the Moldovan Csángó settlements, but alongside scientific research, an ideological trend emerged, which was concerned with the preservation of the identity, language and culture of the Moldovan Hungarians, while generating ‘non-authentic’ traditions.Po spremembi oblasti v devetdesetih letih, je več madžarskih etnografov začelo s terenskim delom v moldavskih naseljih madžarske skupnosti Csángó. Ob znanstvenem raziskovanju pa so se pojavila tudi ideološko pogojena prizadevanja za ohranjanje identitete, jezika in kulture moldavskih Madžarov, ki so ustvarjala ‘neavtentične’ tradicije
Error annotation in learner Slovene: General principles and a practical annotation test in the KOST corpus
No full textV prispevku je opisano označevanje jezikovnih napak v korpusu slovenščine kot tujega jezika KOST 2.0. Predstavljena so izhodišča za označevanje napak, ki temeljijo na načelu minimalnega popravka in težijo k normi standardne slovenščine. Opisana in s primeri iz KOST-a, v katerem so bile napake označene na 24 % besedil, je prikazana taksonomija napak, ki ima 23 tipov napak, združenih v štiri osnovne kategorije (zapis, besedišče, oblika, skladnja). V praksi sta bila postopek označevanja napak in njihovo razvrščanje v kategorije preizkušena na študentih slovenistike, ki so v treh študijskih letih označili 197 korpusnih besedil. Delo so ocenili kot zanimivo in koristno, vendar so zaradi pomanjkljivega strokovnega znanja, pomanjkanja izkušenj s slovenščino kot tujim jezikom, površnosti in nagnjenosti k pretiranemu popravljanju besedil njihovi rezultati pretežno neustrezni.This paper describes the process of linguistic error annotation in the Slovene learner corpus KOST 2.0. It presents a starting point for error annotation based on the principle of minimal correction and tending towards the norm of standard Slovene. The error taxonomy is described and illustrated with examples from KOST, in which errors were annotated in 24% of the texts. The taxonomy has 23 types of errors grouped into four basic categories (orthography, vocabulary, morphology, syntax). In practice, the process of error annotation and categorisation has been tested on students of Slovene studies, who annotated 197 corpus texts over the course of three academic years. They found the work interesting and useful, but due to their lack of expertise, lack of experience with Slovene as a foreign language, carelessness and tendency to hypercorrect texts, their results were mostly inadequate