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The Voice of B'nai B'rith "Gavro Schwartz" Croatia, no. 21, February 2021
Get PDFOvo je Glasnik lože B'nai B'rith (BB), udruge koja sa sjedištem u Zagrebu djeluje u Hrvatskoj kao jedna od mnogih osnovnih jedinica velike obitelji svjetske nevladine organizacije B'nai B'rith, što na hebrejskom znači "Sinovi zavjeta". Glasnik donosi vijesti o aktivnostima židovskih zajednica, kako u Hrvatskoj tako i u Izraelu i Europi. Namjera izdavača je da glasnik izlazi četiri puta godišnje. Izlazi samo u elektronskom obliku. U ovom broju su predstavljeni tekstovi: Darko Fischer: Uz dvadesetiprvi broj BB Glasnika ... Marcel Marceau, poznati francuski pantomimičar ... Isak Drutter: Izložba Ine Drutter u Studiju "Josip Račić" ... Darko Fischer: Zaboravljeni Moša Albahari ... Tatjana Protulipac: Sjećanja na židovsku zajednicu Karlovca ... Jozef Baruhović: Spašeni u Albaniji.This is the Voice of the Lodge B'nai B'rith (BB), an association based in Zagreb that operates in Croatia as one of the many basic units of the large family of the world NGO B'nai B'rith, which in Hebrew means "Sons of the Covenant". The newsletter brings news about the activities of Jewish communities, both in Croatia and in Israel and Europe. The publisher's intention is for the newsletter to be published four times a year. It is published only in electronic form. This issue presents the following texts: Darko Fischer: Editorial to the twenty-first issue of The Voice of BB ... The famous French mimic Marcel Marceau ... Isak Drutter: Ina Drutter's Exhibition in "Josip Račić" Gallery in Zagreb ... Darko Fischer: Forgotten Mosha Albahari ... Tatjana Protulipac: Not Forgetting the Jewish Community of Karlovac ... Jozef Baruhović: Saved in Albania.Časopis "Glasnik lože B'nai B'rith", Hrvatska dostupan je na Internet stranici [https://bnaibrith.hr/hr].Magazine "Voice of the Lodge B'nai B'rith", Croatia is available on the website [https://bnaibrith.hr/en]
Guide through the thematic Repository of the Jewish Digital Library
No full textMale jevrejske zajednice na Balkanu postojale su još za vreme Rimskog carstva, a u Srbiji se prvi put spominju u 9. veku. Krajem 15. veka, nakon izgona Jevreja iz Španije i Portugala, ove zajednice su se značajno povećale. Prognani Jevreji utočište su nalazili u zemljama koje su bile pod vlašću Osmanskog carstva, kao što je u to vreme bila i Srbija. Iako je Balkan imao burnu istoriju, jevrejske zajednice su se razvijale i napredovale u kulturnom, obrazovnom, društvenom pa čak i političkom životu. Uspele su da se integrišu i postanu značajan deo srpskog društva, ali i da sačuvaju svoj nacionalni i verski identitet.
Nažalost, jevrejska zajednica u Srbiji skoro je potpuno uništena u Holokaustu, a preživeli, iako malobrojni, kroz razne aktivnosti pokušavaju održati jevrejski identitet i život. Udruženje "Jevrejska digitalna biblioteka" nastoji da ovo vredno jevrejsko nasleđe sakupi i učini vidljivim i da kontinuirano pronalazi i prikuplja brojne bibliografske i istorijske izvore i građe o Jevrejima i jevrejstvu koji su nastali u Srbiji, zemljama ex-Jugoslavije i šire. “Vodič kroz tematski Repozitorijum Jevrejske digitalne biblioteke” je prezentacija koja se odnosi na projekat i postignute rezultate u periodu od januara 2019. do jula 2021. godine. Prezentacija je prikazana u sklopu panela “Portals to Judaica content” na 56. godišnjoj konferenciji “Moving forward” koju je organizovala Asocijacija jevrejskih biblioteka u periodu od 27. juna do 1. jula 2021. godine.Small Jewish communities in the Balkans existed during the Roman Empire and were first mentioned in Serbia in the 9th century. At the end of the 15th century, after the expulsion of Jews from Spain and Portugal, these communities increased significantly. Exiled Jews found refuge in countries that were under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, as was Serbia at the time. Although the Balkans had a rough history, Jewish communities developed and prospered in cultural, educational, social, and even political life.
They managed to integrate and become a significant part of Serbian society, but also to preserve their national and religious identity. Unfortunately, the Jewish community in Serbia was almost completely destroyed in the Holocaust, but those who survived through different activities are trying to maintain their Jewish identity and life. The Association "Jewish Digital Library" strives to collect and make this valuable Jewish heritage visible, as well as to continuously collect numerous bibliographic and historical sources and materials about Jews and Judaism that originated in Serbia, in the countries of the former Yugoslavia and more. "Guide through the thematic Repository of the Jewish Digital Library" is a presentation related to the project and the results achieved in the period from January 2019 to July 2021. The presentation was part of the panel "Portals to Judaica content" at the 56th Annual conference "Moving forward" organized by the Association of Jewish Libraries in the period from June 27 to July 1, 2021.Trajanje: srpska verzija 15:16 minuta, engleska verzija 14:27. (Duration: Serbian version 15:16 minutes, English version 14:27 minutes).YouTube link - English version [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pxvLzjtCbGc].YouTube link - Serbian version [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRxGl2RL_6Q]
Serbs of Moses' faith for the Glory and Freedom of Serbia 1912-1918
No full textOvo je dopunjena verzija rada koji je nastao povodom obeležavanja 100-te godišnjice od početka Prvog svetskog rata, u okrilju jevrejske zajednice, sa željom da se prikaže nemalo učešća Jevreja u srpskim oslobodilačkim ratovima, počev od Srpsko-turskog rata 1876. godine pa do Prvog svetskog rata. Uz kratka navođenja društveno-pravnog položaja Jevreja u zajednicama na prostoru Balkana tog vremena, kao o njihovim vojnim pravima i obavezama još od Ustava Kneževine Srbije iz 1869. godine, u prezentaciji se daju kratki prikazi i biografije zaslužnih Jevreja koji su za svoje učešće u ratovima za slobodu Srbije nagrađivani različitim ordenjem - od Takovskog krsta do Karađorđeve zvezde. Kroz brojne fotografije prikazani su ti srpski jevrejski ratnici i opisane njihove ratne sudbine, od trubača Beogradskog konjičkog eskadrona, do pripadnika proslavljenog bataljona "1.300 kaplara". Ova prezentacija održana je na Zoom Šabat druženju, u petak 6. avgusta 2021., na temu i pod naslovom "Srbi Mojsijeve vere u Velikom ratu", koju je istražio i pripremio Davor Salom.This is an updated version of the presentation which was created to mark the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the First World War, under the auspices of the Jewish community, with the desire to show the considerable participation of Jews in the Serbian liberation wars, starting from the Serbian-Turkish war in 1876 until the First World War. Along with brief statements of the social and legal position of Jews in the communities of the Balkans at that time, as their military rights and obligations since the Constitution of the Principality of Serbia from 1869, the paper gives brief notice and biographies of deserving Jews who participated in the wars for freedom. Serbia awarded the Takovski Cross to Karadjordj's Star. Through numerous photographs, these Serbian Jewish warriors are shown and their war destinies are described, from the trumpeters of the Belgrade Cavalry Squadron to the members of the celebrated battalion "1.300 kaplara" (1,300 Corporals). This presentation was held at the Zoom Shabbat gathering, on Friday, August 6, 2021, on the topic and under the title "Serbs of Moses' Faith in the Great War", which was researched and prepared by Davor Salom.Poverpoint prezentacija (Power Point Presentation)
Jewish marriages and divorces
Get PDFŽidovski brakovi nekad i danas i židovska populacija u svijetu, pa i kod nas, prolazi kroz značajne i brze promjene i gotovo svaka generacija živi u drugim društvenim, socijalnim, ekonomskim pa i geografskim uvjetima. No, u posljednje vrijeme jačanje antisemitskih napada na židovske zajednice Europe postaje sve značajniji faktor u njihovom životu ali to je posebna tema. Osnovni trendovi (osim u Izraelu) su starenje židovske populacije, niski fertilitet, znatne migracije i manja vezanost za Judaizam što se povezuje sa porastom mješovitih brakova i velikim brojem djece iz takvih brakova. Odnos prema mješovitim brakovima se razlikuje i danas postaje centralno mjesto istraživanja. Veliki porast mješovitih brakova danas smatra se opasnim za eroziju židovske populacije zbog toga što se djeca iz takovih brakova (ne svih) ne identificiraju i odgajaju u židovstvo . S druge strane, mješoviti se brakovi smatraju znakom uspješne socijalne integracije u društvo, a u zajednicama desetkovanim Holokaustom omogućili su obnovu zajednica i njihov opstanak. Prihvaćanje mješovitih brakova, prema nekim autorima, znak je dobrih društvenih odnosa, smanjuju rasizam, socijalnu segregaciju i antagonizam u zajednicama. Novi oblik životnog partnerstva kojeg nazivaju "Kohabitacija" tj. zajednički život bez službenog vjenčanja (koji je češći kod mlađe generacije i sekularnih Židova), odgađa rađanje djece. Kohabitacija dovodi do smanjenja broja vjenčanja, žene koje ulaze u brak sve su starije i starost žena prilikom prvog poroda je sve veća, a broj djece manji. Pri tome se mora uzeti u obzir i društvena promjena položaja žena, njihova visoka edukacija i ulazak u svijet rada. Danas se svaka židovska zajednica sastoji od nekoliko generacija Židova i svaka je imala i drugačiji status i odnos prema braku, djeci i njihovom odgoju.U ovom radu, koji je dio demografskog istraživanja, pokazali smo nove podatke matičnih knjiga Židovske općine Zagreb i usporedili sa saznanjima iz niza naših istraživanja. Ovi podaci su preliminarni i informativni.Jewish marriages in the past and now and the Jewish population in the world, even in our country, are going through significant and rapid changes and almost every generation lives in other social, economic and even geographical conditions. But lately, the intensification of anti-Semitic attacks on the Jewish communities of Europe is becoming an increasingly significant factor in their lives but it is a special topic. The main trends (except in Israel) are the ageing of the Jewish population, low fertility, significant migration, and less attachment to Judaism which is associated with an increase in mixed marriages and a large number of children from such marriages. The attitude towards mixed marriages is different and today it is becoming a central place of research. The large increase in mixed marriages today is considered dangerous to the erosion of the Jewish population because children from such marriages (not all) are not identified and raised in Judaism. On the other hand, mixed marriages are considered a sign of successful social integration into society, and in communities decimated by the Holocaust, they have enabled the reconstruction of communities and their survival. Acceptance of mixed marriages, according to some authors, is a sign of good social relations, reducing racism, social segregation and antagonism in communities. A new form of life partnership called "Cohabitation", i.e. living together without a formal wedding (which is more common among the younger generation and secular Jews), delays the birth of children. Cohabitation is leading to a reduction in the number of marriages, women entering into marriage are getting older and the age of women at first childbirth is increasing and the number of children is decreasing. In doing so, the social change in the position of women, their higher education and entry into the world of work must also be taken into account. Today, each Jewish community consists of several generations of Jews and each had a different status and attitude towards marriage, children and their upbringing. from a series of our researches. These data are preliminary and informative
Bibliography of books on Jews and Judaism printed in Serbia from 1837 to 2017
Get PDFPrevashodni cilj ovog bibliografskog istraživanja bio je da predstavi korpus knjiga o Jevrejima i jevrejstvu nastalih na teritoriji današnje Srbije. Stoga se autorka rukovodila prema unapred utvrđenim kriterijumima. Prvi od njih je tematski - tragalo se za knjigama koje se, na različite načine i u različitoj meri, dotiču teme Jevreja i jevrejstva. Drugi kriterijum je teritorijalni - obrađene su publikacije koje su nastale na teritoriji države Srbije u njenim današnjim granicama. Treći je vremenski - okupljene su knjige koje su objavljene od 1837. godine, kada je, prema istraživanjima Ženi Lebl, štampana prva jevrejska knjiga u Beogradu, do 2017, kada se ovo istraživanje završilo. Bibliografija knjiga o Jevrejima i jevrejstvu sadrži 1.113 bibliografskih jedinica. Građa je radi preglednosti razvrstana u tri poglavlja. U prvom poglavlju, koje sadrži 1.032 bibliografske jedinice i čini pretežni deo Bibliografije, opisane su monografske publikacije koje su objavljene na teritoriji Srbije od 1837. do 2017. godine. U drugom poglavlju nalazi se tzv. neknjižna građa, odnosno elektronski izvori posvećeni Jevrejima i jevrejstvu u Srbiji. U trećem poglavlju su monografske publikacije koje nisu objavljene Srbiji, ali se odnose na jevrejsko nasleđe u njoj: u ovo poglavlje su ušla dela čiji su autori Jevreji poreklom iz Srbije, kao i publikacije čiji je izdavač Udruženje Jevreja poreklom iz Jugoslavije u Izraelu (Hitahdut ole Jugoslavia). Radi veće informativnosti Bibliografije, svako od njena tri poglavlja propraćeno je sa po tri, abecedno sređena, registra - imenskim, predmetnim i registrom naslova. Bibliografija o Jevrejima i jevrejstvu takođe je obogaćena i fotografijama i motivima sa korica i omota publikacija.The primary goal of this bibliographic research was to present a corpus of books on Jews and Judaism created on the territory of today's Serbia. Therefore, the author was guided by predetermined criteria. The first of them is thematic - she was looking for books that, in different ways and to different degrees, touch on the topic of Jews and Judaism. The second criterion is territorial - the publications that were created on the territory of the state of Serbia within its present borders have been processed. The third is the period of time - the books that were published from 1837, when, according to the research of Jennie Lebl, the first Jewish book was printed in Belgrade, until 2017, when this research was completed, were collected. The bibliography of books on Jews and Judaism contains 1,113 bibliographic items. For clarity, the material is divided into three chapters. The first chapter, which contains 1,032 bibliographic items and forms the predominant part of the Bibliography, describes monographic publications that were published on the territory of Serbia from 1837 to 2017. In the second chapter, there is the so-called non-book material, i.e. electronic sources dedicated to Jews and Judaism in Serbia. The third chapter contains monographic publications that have not been published in Serbia but refer to its Jewish heritage: this chapter includes works whose authors are Jews of Serbian origin, as well as publications published by the Association of Jews of Yugoslav origin in Israel (Hitahdut ole Yugoslavia). For the better informativeness of the Bibliography, each of its three chapters is accompanied by three, alphabetically arranged, registers - authors, subject and title register. The bibliography on Jews and Judaism is also enriched with photographs and motifs from the covers of publications
Jevreji u Kotoru: tragovima arhivskih nalaza od XV - XX vijeka
No full text"... The largest migrations of the Jewish people in the Mediterranean, from the end of the Middle Ages, included the Montenegrin coast. A very important link in these migrations is the mediation of the Herzegovinians and their caravans, which transported Sephardic Jews, exiles from the Peloponnese, on horseback, most often from Dubrovnik to Thessaloniki. Therefore, it is not questionable that the Jews, after the persecution from Spain in 1492, temporarily or permanently settled in the cities that today cover the Montenegrin coast, such as Herceg Novi and Risan ... ""...Najveće migracije jevrejskog naroda na Mediteranu, s kraja srednjeg vijeka, obuhvatile su i crnogorsko primorje. Veoma značajna karika u tim migracijama je posredstvo Hercegovaca i njihovih karavana koji su sefardske Jevreje, izgnanike sa Peloponeza, na konjima prevozili najčešće od Dubrovnika pa do Soluna. Stoga nije upitno da su se Jevreji, nakon progona iz Španije 1492. godine, privremeno ili stalno naseljavali u gradovima koji danas zahvataju crnogorsko primorje, kao npr. Herceg Novom i Risnu..."The project "Rediscover, expose and exploit the concealed Jewish heritage of the Danube region" is co-financed from European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) within the Danube transnational program (the project "Rediscover, and exploit the concealed Jewish heritage of the Danube region" is co-funded by European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) under the Danube Transnational Programme)
The Jews of Bilogora - victims of Croatian klerofascists and German Nazis from 1941 to 1945
Get PDFNa području čitave Hrvatske, jevrejska zajednica je 1941. godine brojala 39.500 pripadnika. Poslije nezapamćenog zločina hrvatskih ustaša i njemačkih nacista u kojem je ubijeno između 29.000 i 31.000 duša, ono malo preostalih je potražilo utočište u tolerantnijim sredinama ili u novoosnovanoj državi Izrael, tako da je po popisu iz 2011. u čitavoj Hrvatskoj živjelo samo 509 Jevreja. Rat 1941. godine Jevreje je zatekao u 16 naselja istočne Bilogore, gdje su se bavili uglavnom trgovinom. Izuzev nekoliko imućnijih porodica u Velikom Grđevcu i Grubišnom Polju, gdje su Jevreji bili i najbrojniji, drugi su imali manje trgovine po selima, a o mogućem prihodu od tog posla govori primjer Natana Kona, koji je u iznajmljenoj kući u Pupelici trgovao sa robom koju je jednom nedjeljno u ručnim kolicima dovozio od trgovca Štajningera iz Lasovca, udaljenog oko dva kilometra. Upamćeno je da je njegova supruga Cilika, 31. jula 1941, vidjevši kolonu Srba koje su ustaše protjerivali u Srbiju, istrčala iz kuće i plačući izula svoje cipele i čarape i dala ih bosonogoj djevojčici, majci autora ovog teksta (Milica S. Škrbina, 1931-2005). U poslijeratnom periodu, na području istočne Bilogore je ostao da živi samo jedan Jevrejin, Đuro Singer, koji je život spasio odlaskom u partizane. Njegovih pet potomaka 1991. registrovanih u Grubišnom Polju kao Jevreji jedini su trag koji je ostao u Bilogori od čitavog naroda.In 1941, the Jewish community had 39,500 members throughout Croatia. After the unseen crime of Croatian Ustasha and German Nazis in which between 29,000 and 31,000 souls were killed, the few remaining found refuge in more tolerant environments or the newly founded state of Israel, so that according to the 2011 census, only 509 Jews lived in Croatia. The war of 1941 found Jews in 16 settlements of eastern Bilogora, where they mainly engaged in trade. Except for a few wealthier families in Veliki Grđevac and Grubišno Polje, where Jews were the most numerous, others had small trade in the villages, and the possible income from that business is shown by the example of Natan Kon, who in a rented house in Pupelica traded with goods that he once brought weekly in a handcart from the merchant Steininger from Lasovac, about two kilometres away. It is remembered that on July 31, 1941, his wife Cilika, seeing a column of Serbs being deported to Serbia by the Ustashas, ran out of the house and, crying, took off her shoes and socks and gave them to a barefoot girl. The girl was the mother of the author of this text (Milica S. Škrbina, 1931 -2005). In the post-war period, only one Jew - Đuro Singer, remained living in the area of eastern Bilogora. He saved his life by joining the partisans. His five descendants registered in Grubišno Polje as Jews in 1991 are the only trace left in Bilogora of the entire people.Tekst o Jevrejima Bilogore - žrtvama hrvatskih klerofašista i njemačkih nacista 1941. do 1945. godine je poglavlje iz knjige "Pro memoria contra pro patria: nesrbi - žrtve genocida NDH 1941.-1945. u istočnoj Bilogori" koja je dostupna preko linka [https://jevrejskadigitalnabiblioteka.rs/handle/123456789/2657
A contribution to the study of the synagogue in Vojvodina - the synagogue in Apatin
Get PDFKako sakralne judaističke regule definišu mesto obavljanja verskih obreda kao zgradu ili prostoriju odgovarajućih zahteva prilagođenih svrsi, prva sinagoga u Apatinu je bila zakupljena jednostavno opremljena kuća. Apatinski Jevreji, i svi koji su gravitirali ovom većem centru jevrejstva Bačke 18. veka, nastojali su da dobiju pravo na podizanje sinagoge. Danas, u cilju očuvanja Kompleksa apatinske sinagoge i sećanja na učešće ovog zdanja u životu Apatinaca u prošlosti pokrenuto je njegovo proglašenje za kulturno dobro - spomenik kulture. I ovaj rad nastao je kao potreba da se doprinese boljem poznavanju sinagoga, pre svega na teritoriji AP Vojvodine, ukazujući istovremeno na značaj jevrejske zajednice, koja je dala snažan pečat razvoju Apatina. Objekat je od svog nastanka pa sve do danas imao društvenu funkciju, te je ideja da mu se nađe nova namena, koja će biti u skladu sa njegovim spomeničkim svojstvima.As sacred Judaic rules define the place of religious rites as a building or room of appropriate requirements adapted to the purpose, the first synagogue in Apatin was a rented furnished house. Apatin Jews, and all who gravitated to this larger centre of Bačka Jewry in the 18th century, tried to get the right to build a synagogue. Today, to preserve the Complex of the Apatin Synagogue and to remember the participation of this building in the life of the people of Apatin in the past, it has been declared a cultural asset - a cultural monument. This work was created as a need to contribute to a better knowledge of synagogues, primarily in the territory of AP Vojvodina, pointing out at the same time the importance of the Jewish community, which gave a strong stamp to the development of Apatin. The building has had a social function from its inception until today, so the idea is to find a new purpose for it, which will be in line with its monumental properties
Jevrejska moderna književnost II
No full text"Churchill said: 'I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat'. I can offer something like that, but I can also promise, it will be beautiful, controversial, sad, and happy at the same time, which is at the core of any Hungarian experience, even the Jewish Hungarian one. We are like paprika, spicy and tearful. Come, read with me some diamonds of the Hungarian-Jewish literature."Čerčil je rekao: 'Nemam ništa da ponudim osim krvi, truda, suza i znoja'. Mogu da ponudim tako nešto, ali mogu i da obećam da će biti lepo, kontroverzno, tužno i srećno u isto vreme, što je u osnovi svakog mađarskog iskustva, pa čak i jevrejsko-mađarskog. Mi smo kao paprika, ljuti i plačljivi. Hajde, pročitaj sa mnom neke dijamante mađarsko-jevrejske književnosti“.Serija predavanja o jevrejskoj modernoj književnosti - Jevrejska književnost II.Trajanje 1:45:52 minuta (duration 1:45:52 minutes).YouTube link:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b86DwupEnpM&list=PLhnejJShQmj6jNTn4QoBtT27etLTwsBM4&index=2
Staro židovsko groblje u Splitu: priča o suživotu koji je spasio prognane, a obogatio grad
No full textOn the eastern slope of Marjan Hill, behind a gate secured with a lock and key, lies the Old Jewish cemetery - a designated cultural monument. It was established in 1573, the same year the first burials took place. It is the oldest Jewish cemetery on the territory of the Republic of Croatia - and it looks the part. Cracked headstones, sun-dried vegetation, the quiet simplicity of bare stone engraved with Hebrew calligraphy, and the soft rays of the setting sun filtering through the pine forest give the place a rustic, nostalgic charm. Today, more than 700 graves can be found here, most from the 18th and 19th centuries.Na istočnoj padini brda Marjan, iza vrata zaključanih ključem, nalazi se Staro židovsko groblje - proglašeni spomenik kulture. Osnovano je 1573. godine, iste godine kada su se dogodili prvi ukopi. Najstarije je židovsko groblje na teritoriju Republike Hrvatske, a tako i izgleda. Popucale nadgrobne ploče, pomalo sasušena vegetacija, jednostavnost čistog kamena s hebrejskom kaligrafijom i zrake zalazećeg sunca koje se probijaju kroz borovu šumu daju mu rustikalne i nostalgične note. Danas se ovdje nalazi više od 700 grobova, uglavnom iz 18. i 19. stoljeća.The text was published on the website Travelogues. Guides. Curiosities. Croatia. The Mediterranean. (Un)popular Culture :) See the link [https://www.mala-mjesta.com/the-old-jewish-cemetery-in-split]