Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Institutional Repository
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Effects of Coriander on the Repair Process of Experimentally-induced Periodontitis in Rats
No full text The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Coriandrum sativum L. (CSL) seed extract on gingival levels of antioxidant enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines and on alveolar bone and attachment levels after experimental periodontitis induction in rats and compare it with low-dose doxycycline (LDD). Forty adult male Wistar Albino rats were divided randomly into 5 groups as follows: 1 = periodontally healthy (control); 2 = periodontitis; 3 = periodontitis + CSL (32 mg/kg); 4 = periodontitis + CSL (200 mg/kg); and 5 = periodontitis + LDD (6 mg/kg). Gingival superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1βeta (IL-1β) immunoreactivity was detected immunohistochemically. Alveolar bone area in the furcation space (ABA), alveolar bone loss (ABL), and attachment loss (AL) were evaluated histomorphometrically. The SOD level was lower in group 5 than in groups 2, 3, and 4. The IL-1β level was highest in group 4. The TNF-α level was statistically higher in groups 2 and 4 than in groups 1, 3, and 5. The IL-6 level was highest in group 4. Its level was higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 5. ABA was less in groups 2, 3, and 4 compared to groups 1 and 5. ABL was less in group 5 than in groups 2, 3, and 4. AL was greater in group 4 than in group 5. The use of 200 mg/kg CSL showed a pro-inflammatory effect and IL-1β and TNF-α levels decreased after 32 mg/kg CSL application in the treatment of periodontitis. </jats:p
The effect of chlorophyllin, a glutathione transferase P1‐1 inhibitor, on triple-negative breast cancer invasion and metastasis in vivo/in vitro
No full textAbstract The expression of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) enzyme increases in cancer cells, leading to anticancer drug resistance. The antioxidant chlorophyllin has an inhibitory effect on GSTP1. In this study, we investigated the effects of chlorophyllin and its combined administration with the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel on metastatic processes. For this purpose, both the 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cell line and metastatic animal model were used. The MTT, flow cytometry, and wound healing assays were used to investigate cell viability, cell cycle, and cell migration, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Total gelatinase activity, GST activity, and glutathione levels in cell and liver tissue lysates measured by colorimetric methods. Micrometastases were evaluated in liver tissue sections histochemically. As a result, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel inhibited cell migration in vitro. The single administration of chlorophyllin reduced the MMP-9 expression in vivo, and this effect was higher when it was coadministered with docetaxel. In coadministration, there was also a significant decrease in the total gelatinase activity in vivo. Finally, we found that only combined treatment reduced the micrometastatic lesions in the liver tissues. In conclusion, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel may have a potential role in the control of metastatic processes by suppressing cell migration, invasion, and micrometastasis formation in triple-negative breast cancers.</jats:p
Determination of future creep and seismic behaviors of dams using 3D analyses validated by long-term levelling measurements
No full textAbstractThis study aims to assess the future structural performance of the Kozlu-Ulutan clay core rockfill (CCR) dam, one of the most significant water structures in the Black Sea region of Turkey, by utilizing 35 years of levelling measurements and 3D finite-difference analyses. Settlement measurements were obtained from five different points on the dam surface every 6 months. Subsequently, a three-dimensional (3D) model of the dam was created using the finite-difference method. Time-dependent creep analyses and seismic analyses were conducted sequentially, employing the Burger-Creep and Mohr–Coulomb material models, respectively. Non-reflecting boundary conditions were defined for the boundaries of the dam model. The 3D numerical analysis results were found to be highly compatible with the 35 years of levelling measurements. Additionally, the future seepage and settlement behaviors of the dam over a 100-year period (2023–2123) were analyzed, considering special time functions. Current and future seismic analyses were performed, taking into account the settlement results of the dam in 2023 and 2123. For seismic analyses, data from ten various earthquakes that occurred in Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Malatya, and Gaziantep in Turkey in 2023 were utilized. The seismic analysis results provided significant information about the future seismic behavior of the Kozlu-Ulutan Dam, revealing notable differences between the current and future earthquake behaviors of the dam. Moreover, it was concluded that the clay core is the most crucial section concerning the current and future seismic behaviors of CCR dams. The study results emphasized the importance of continuous monitoring and periodic seismic evaluations for the safe operation of CCR dams.</jats:p
Effect of Spinal Needles used by Anesthesia Residents on Procedural Success and the Perception of Click Sensation: A Randomized Prospective Trial
No full textAim: The type and diameter of the needle used in spinal anesthesia (SA) affect the procedure’s success and the sensation of clicking during a dura puncture. This study aimed to compare the effects of Quincke and pencil-point needles of the same thickness, when used by anesthesia residents new to SA application, on procedural success and the number of trials required to perceive click sensation. Methods: This prospective randomized study included 213 adult patients undergoing elective surgery under SA, divided into six groups based on needle type and diameter: Group I: Quincke (Q)-25 Gauge (G), Group II: Q-26G, Group III: Q-27G, Group IV: Pencil-point (P)-25G, Group V: P-26G, and Group VI: P-27G. The number of interventions for SA (1-3), the attempt (1, 2, or ≥3) during which the stylet was removed and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow occurred, considering that the click sensation was felt during the procedure, and the time taken for CSF appearance (0.05). The SA success rate in the first trial (p<0.001) was higher when pencil-point needles were used. Conclusion: Although the effects of spinal needles with different tip designs and diameters on the number of trials required to perceive click sensation are similar, due to the high rate of SA success in the first trial, the use of pencil-point needles is recommended for anesthesia residents new to SA application
Immunotherapy in Hematological Malignancy
No full textTumor immune tolerance represents a significant obstacle to effective cancer therapy. A multitude of pathways through which tumors evade immune surveillance have been identified . These developments have prompted a reevaluation of the "hallmarks of cancer" and have spurred the development of numerous promising immunotherapies. Various categories of immunotherapies, including stem cell transplantation, immune checkpoint inhibitors, antigen-targeted antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, tumor vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies, have been devised for treating hematologic cancers, with ongoing clinical trials. These immunotherapies demonstrate potential for inducing long-term remissions in patients with refractory or relapsed disease, marking a paradigm shift in cancer treatment with significant clinical success. Here, we review recent advances in understanding these categories of immunotherapies for hematologic malignancies.</jats:p
Türkiye’de Defne Üretimi Yapılan Sahalardan Toplanan Defne Yapraklarına Ait Uçucu Yağ Verimleri ve Kimyasal Yapısı
No full textTürkiye'de doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Defne (Laurus nobilis L.) bitkisinin yaprakları önemli bir odun dışı orman ürünüdür. Bu çalışmada Orman Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından defne yaprağı üretimi gerçekleştirilen 23 farklı noktadan toplanan taze defne yapraklarından clevenger düzeneği ile uçucu yağlar elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen yağ verimleri 0,40 - 2,6 ml/100 g arasında değişmektedir. En yüksek yağ verimi Mersin-Tarsus bölgesinden elde edilirken, en düşük oran Bartın bölgesinde tespit edilmiştir. Uçucu yağlar seyreltilerek FID-GC ve GC-MS'de analiz edilerek kimyasal içeriği belirlenmiştir. Taze defne yaprağı uçucu yağında 26 madde tespit edilirken bunlardan 4 tanesi tanımlanamamıştır.1,8-Cineol (% 39,8-72,1), α-terpinylacetate (% 3,60-14,8), sabinen (% 3,32-14,2), α-pinen (% 2,69-8,61) ve terpinen-4-ol (%1,65-6,10) en önemli maddeler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Karadeniz bölgesi 1,8-Cineol açısından en düşük oranı verirken bu madde için en yüksek değerler sırasıyla Akdeniz ve Ege bölgelerinde belirlenmiştir. İkinci önemli madde olan α-terpinylacetate ise Samsun ilinde en yüksek oranda tespit edilirken en düşük miktar Antalya’dan toplanan örneklerde belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, distilasyon sürecinde çıkarılan uçucu yağların renklerinde de farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir, Bartın bölgesinden elde edilen uçucu yağın rengi açık ve saydam iken Aydın ilinden elde edilen yağ koyu sarı renkte olmuştur.</jats:p
Effect of Heavy Rainfalls on Natural Organic Matter and Trihalomethanes in Surface Water Sources
No full textStorm events have a notable impact on natural organic matter (NOM) and trihalomethanes (THMs). Water samples were collected and analyzed from Ulutan Dam (UD), in the Zonguldak region, Turkey. During four storm events, the data indicated the presence of hysteresis patterns in three of the four storms, with elevated concentrations of organic constituents observed during the falling limb of the hydrographs. It was observed that a higher specific THM (sp.THM) concentration (201.83 µg/L) was reached with an average specific UV absorbance (SUVA) value of 6.66 L/mg·m in the fourth storm. This means that the primary sources of THM precursors are the aromatic compounds present in NOM. A significant correlation between UV absorbance (UV254) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (R = 0.99–0.92) for all storms was observed. Chlorine demand also yielded a strong correlation (R = 0.81–0.99) with UV254 and DOC. Therefore, the present study indicates that UV254 can be an effective parameter for monitoring applicable chlorine dosage in drinking water treatment management as faced with storm events. On the other hand, the results of the study also provide valuable insight into the direct and indirect link between short-term precipitation events and their impact on the structural and THM precursors in surface water sources.</jats:p
Could serum Raftlin and GPER-1levels be new biomarkers for early detection of non-small cell lung cancer? Runnign Head: Evaluation of GPER-1 And Raftlin Levels in Lung Cancer
No full textAbstract Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Therefore, the search for new biomarkers continues in order to diagnose lung cancer at an early stage. In this study, we investigated blood levels of G-protein associated membrane estrogen receptor (GPER)-1 and Raftlin as markers of early-stage in lung cancer. Methods Lung cancer cases admitted to our hospital between 2016 and 2018 were included in our study. GPER-1 and Raftlin levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in blood samples taken from patients diagnosed with lung cancer and healthy volunteers. Results There were 64 cases in total, 32 cases in lung cancer group and 32 cases in control group. We evluated GPER-1 levels for each group. GPER-1 level was 2.54 (IQR: 1.08–5.78) ng/mL in the lung cancer group and 5 (IQR: 2.69–7.99) ng/mL in the control group. ROC analysis value for GPER-1, (AUC) was 0.66 (p < 0.01). Raftlin levels were 4.5 (IQR: 3.3-11.52) ng/mL in control group and 7.77 (IQR: 6.24–9.85) ng/mL in lung cancer group. ROC analysis value for Raftlin, (AUC) was 0.629(P = 0.09). Conclusions In our study, there was no statistically significant difference between our groups in terms of Raftlin values. Therefore, it was thought that Raftlin could not be a specific marker in the diagnosis of lung cancer. GPER-1 was found to be lower in the lung cancer group than in healthy individuals. Therefore, it was thought that GPER-1 could be evaluated as a diagnostic marker in lung cancer. However, we think that more definitive results can be obtained by determining the tissue and expression level of GPER in lung cancer with further studies.</p
