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Monte Carlo simulation analysis of radiation attenuation properties induced by arsenic accumulation in femur and tibia bones of rats exposed to sodium arsenite diet
No full textPurpose
The study aims to investigate the effect of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) on radiation permeability in biological tissues of rats, challenging existing literature claims about NaAsO2's influence on the density of bones. The motivation is determining whether exposure alters radiation permeability within a defined range of radiological energy. Should any changes be observed, radiation protection guidelines may necessitate the use of lower energy levels in imaging procedures involving such exposure. This consideration is vital for ensuring adherence to radiation safety standards, particularly in medical imaging, where minimizing patient and operator exposure to radiation is paramount.
Materials and methods
In this study, rats were divided into two groups: a control group and a NaAsO2-treated group. After the treatment period, these animals were euthanized to collect their femurs and tibias for further analysis. The elemental composition of these bones was then meticulously examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), enhanced by Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX). Monte Carlo Simulation codes of MCNP6 and PHITS 3.22 were used for investigate photon induced interactions. These powerful tools allowed us to assess the gamma-ray attenuation properties of the collected samples. For an accurate comparison and analysis, we referred to the NIST database using the WinXCom program. Furthermore, the study explored the effects of charged particles on the bone samples, employing the SRIM code for this purpose. This part of the research was crucial to understanding the interactions at a more detailed level. We calculated the photon attenuation parameters for radiological energies up to 0.5 MeV and also investigated the interactions of charged particles with energies as high as 15 MeV.
Results
In groups treated with NaAsO2, while there is less reduction in mass attenuation coefficients, larger differences have been observed in linear attenuation coefficients. Notably, a decrease in the linear attenuation coefficient has been observed in the NaAs Tibia group.
Conclusion
The application of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) results in a reduction in the Linear Attenuation Coefficient, necessitating a detailed investigation to determine whether this decrease also affects the Hounsfield unit, in accordance with the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle that guides radiation safety protocols.No sponso
Monte Carlo simulation analysis of radiation attenuation properties induced by arsenic accumulation in femur and tibia bones of rats exposed to sodium arsenite diet
No full textPurpose: The study aims to investigate the effect of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) 2 ) on radiation permeability in biological tissues of rats, challenging existing literature claims about NaAsO2's 2 ' s influence on the density of bones. The motivation is determining whether exposure alters radiation permeability within a defined range of radiological energy. Should any changes be observed, radiation protection guidelines may necessitate the use of lower energy levels in imaging procedures involving such exposure. This consideration is vital for ensuring adherence to radiation safety standards, particularly in medical imaging, where minimizing patient and operator exposure to radiation is paramount. Materials and methods: In this study, rats were divided into two groups: a control group and a NaAsO2-treated 2-treated group. After the treatment period, these animals were euthanized to collect their femurs and tibias for further analysis. The elemental composition of these bones was then meticulously examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), enhanced by Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX). Monte Carlo Simulation codes of MCNP6 and PHITS 3.22 were used for investigate photon induced interactions. These powerful tools allowed us to assess the gamma-ray attenuation properties of the collected samples. For an accurate comparison and analysis, we referred to the NIST database using the WinXCom program. Furthermore, the study explored the effects of charged particles on the bone samples, employing the SRIM code for this purpose. This part of the research was crucial to understanding the interactions at a more detailed level. We calculated the photon attenuation parameters for radiological energies up to 0.5 MeV and also investigated the interactions of charged particles with energies as high as 15 MeV. Results: In groups treated with NaAsO2, 2 , while there is less reduction in mass attenuation coefficients, larger differences have been observed in linear attenuation coefficients. Notably, a decrease in the linear attenuation coefficient has been observed in the NaAs Tibia group. Conclusion: The application of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) 2 ) results in a reduction in the Linear Attenuation Coefficient, necessitating a detailed investigation to determine whether this decrease also affects the Hounsfield unit, in accordance with the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle that guides radiation safety protocols.No sponso
Financial literacy as part of empowerment education for later life: a spectrum of perspectives, challenges and implications for individuals, educators and policymakers in the modern digital economy
No full textThis contemporary-based essay provides a case for a life course approach to financial literacy education that offers a pathway for individuals to enter their later years with improved levels of financial security and savings. Financial security in older age is seen as an important factor in promoting social connectedness with implications for (a) health and well-being in later life and (b) reducing social isolation and loneliness among older people. Financial literacy is presented within the context of an ongoing life skill requiring early habit building with the need for episodic updating in light of new information and changing life circumstances. Embedding financial literacy education within a life course framework is seen as offering the opportunity to gain economic empowerment leading to long-term financial stability and independence. The notion of economic empowerment is considered as an equal right for both men and women and warrants attention by educators and policymakers to address gender-related disparities in economic security. The increasing numbers of people expected to live longer lives will create an urgent need for early planning actions to achieve financial security in older age.No sponso
COVİD-19 pandemisinin üniversite öğrencilerinin ruhsal durumlarına etkisinin incelenmesi
No full textInternational Conference on Social Research and Behavioral Sciences (15. : 2024 : Antalya / Turkey)COVİD-19, ilk vakasının görüldüğü Aralık 2019'dan bu yana çeşitli psikolojik etkileri de beraberinde getiren, hayatı tehdit eden bir bulaşıcı hastalıktır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de Kovid-19 salgını sırasında yaşam doyumunun, umutsuzluğun, psikolojik dayanıklılığın ve algılanan stres düzeylerinin üniversite öğrencilerini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmaktır.
Kesitsel nitelikteki bu çalışmanın toplam örneklemi 615 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır; Çevrimiçi anket formuyla 410 kadın ve 205 erkek toplandı. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 21 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Veriler “Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği”, “Yaşam Memnuniyeti Ölçeği”, “Algılanan Stres Ölçeği” ve Yetişkinler İçin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis H Testi ve Bağımsız Örneklem T testi kullanıldı.
Bulgular, kronik tıbbi rahatsızlığı olanların algılanan stres düzeyinin ve umutsuzluk düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koydu. Sonuçlar ayrıca pandemi süreci boyunca kalabalık alanlardan uzak duran ve ortak kullanım alanlarına dokunmaktan rahatsızlık duyanların algılanan stres düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğunu gösterdi. Ayrıca sıklıkla kaygılı hissettiklerini belirtenlerin umutsuzluk ve algıladıkları stres düzeyleri geçmişe göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Öte yandan, eskisine göre daha fazla kaygılı hissetmediklerini belirten katılımcıların psikolojik dayanıklılık ve Yaşam Doyumu düzeyleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Araştırmada ayrıca, COVİD-19 sürecinde akademik görevlerini tamamlamada sorun yaşadığını ifade eden katılımcıların algılanan stres ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin diğerlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna varıldı.
Bu çalışmada Türkiye'deki üniversite öğrencileri arasında Kovid-19'a bağlı kaygı, algılanan stres ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
COVID-19 is a life-threatening infectious disease that has brought along various psychological effects since the first incidence has been reported in December 2019.
This study aims to investigate how satisfaction with life, hopelessness, psychological resilience, and perceived stress levels affected university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey.
In this cross-sectional study, the total sample consists of 615 university students; 410 females and 205 males were collected with an online questionnaire form. The average age of the participants is calculated as 21. Data were collected with the use of the "Beck Hopelessness Scale", "Satisfaction with Life Scale", "Perceived Stress Scale" and Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults". For the analysis of the data ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis H Test, and Independent Samples T-test were used.
The findings revealed that the perceived stress level and hopelessness level of those who have a chronic medical condition is higher. The results also indicated that those who avoid crowded areas and feel uncomfortable with touching common use areas throughout the pandemic process have higher levels of perceived stress. Besides, hopelessness and perceived stress levels of those who indicated that they often feel anxious compared to the past were found higher. On the other hand, psychological resilience and Satisfaction with Life levels of the participants who remarked not to feel more anxious than before were found higher. The study was further concluded that the participants who expressed having problems with completing their academic tasks during the COVID-19 process have higher levels of perceived stress and hopelessness than others.
In this study, we found higher levels of COVID-19 related anxiety, perceived stress, and hopelessness among the university students in Turkey.No sponso
2025-2031 ATSO Stratejİk Planı Arama Konferansı Limak Limra Hotel & Resort Kemer, Antalya 15 Aralık 2024
No full textATSO Geleceğini Planlıyor çalışması kapsamında, kurumun mevcut durumunu değerlendirmek için kapsamlı bir SWOT analizi yapılmış; ardından bu analiz doğrultusunda temalar, stratejik amaçlar ve uygulanabilir faaliyetler belirlenmiştir. SWOT sonuçları ATSO’nun güçlü kurumsal yapısını ve iş dünyasıyla etkili iletişimini ortaya koyarken, dijitalleşme ve hizmet çeşitlendirme gibi gelişim alanlarını da vurgulamıştır. Çalışma; dijital ve yeşil dönüşüm, üye memnuniyeti, ekonomik rekabetçilik ve kurumsal kapasite temaları üzerinden ATSO’ya geleceğe yönelik stratejik bir yol haritası sunmaktadır.No sponso
Pushing the tuning limits of femtosecond Yb-based solid-state lasers to 1 µm: a Yb:YVO4 laser tunable down to 1004 nm
No full textWe have obtained what we believe to be the shortest fs tuning wavelength (1004 nm) from a Yb-based solid-state laser system. As the working horse, we have chosen Yb:YVO4 due to its blueshifted gain spectrum. While using a single 10 W 952 nm diode for pumping and a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) for mode-locking, we have achieved 266 fs long pulses with up to 1.24 W of output power around 1021 nm. Using an intracavity birefringent filter, the central wavelength of the fs pulses could be tuned smoothly between 1004–1038 nm and 1009–1061 nm while employing the E//a and E//c axis of the material, respectively. By using an additional hard aperture to increase the modulation depth, we have also attained 100 fs level pulses in the 1012.5–1019 nm range, which shows the suitability of the system in seeding cryogenic Yb:YLF-based amplifiers.No sponso
Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analyses of a novel biomass-fired combined cycle with solar energy and hydrogen and freshwater production in sports arenas
No full textIn this article to tackle the main concerns of today's world as fossil fuel shortage, environmental impacts of fossil fuels like global warming and atmosphere pollution as well as water scarcity, a novel power plant is designed. In this regard, the proposed plant comprises of biomass gasification unit, photovoltaic thermal collectors, a proton exchange membrane hydrogen production unit, as well as a reverse osmosis water purification plant. The plant is named as (biomass-fired combined cycle with photovoltaic, thermal collectors, hydrogen production, and reverse osmosis) BCPVHR and to assess its performance, energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and environmental analyses are performed. The varying parameters are compressor pressure ratio and gas turbine inlet temperature. These two parameters' impact on energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, net generated power, fresh water production, total unit product cost as well and environmental index are assessed. The results are useful for adjusting the compressor pressure ratio and gas turbine inlet temperature. Please note that this plant is designed to be used completely or partially in sports facilities and can be a valuable endeavor for managing sports facilities to use renewable energy in their construction. Meanwhile, based on the priories of products different values of parameters can be used. Increasing the compressor pressure ratio raises the total unit product cost and the environmental index until 11.5 decreases and later increases. Increasing the gas turbine inlet temperature decreases the both total unit product cost and environmental index which reach 65 $/GJ and 65 kg/kWh, respectively. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCNo sponso
Publicly disseminating false information to the public in Turkish criminal law
No full textThe subject of our paper is the offence of “publicly disseminating false information”, which was not regulated in the first version of Turkish Criminal Code (hereinafter TCC) No. 5237. After amendments made with “Law on Amending the Press Law and Some Laws” No. 7418, which is entered into force in 13.10.2022, a new-released offence has been added to TCC.
Article 217/A of the TCC is in third section of the “Special Provisions”, titled as“Offences against Society”, under the fifth subsection of “Offences against Public Peace”. As a quick read:
“Anyone who publicly disseminates false information about internal and external security, public order and public health solely with motive to create anxiety, fear or panic among public, in a way that capable of disrupting public peace, shall be sentenced to imprisonment from one year to three years
If the offender commits the offence by concealing his or her identity or through the activities of an organisation, penalty to be imposed according to the first paragraph shall be increased by half.”
First paragraph includes basic elements of the publicy disseminating false information offence. According to the article, if anyone, who is capable of commiting the offence, disseminates an information that seems false according to objective criteria, the offence will occur. Information mentioned also must be about internal and external security, public order and public health. Before further discussions, it is necessary to mention that the article also introduces a binding element for the act itself. The act must be capable of distrupting public peace. This criterion is not considered as objective requirement for criminal liability, but as an act-dependent element by the autor.
Second paragraph introduces aggravating circumstances. If the offence is commited by the offender concealing his or her identity or through the activities of an organisation, penalty imposed by the basic elements will be increased by half. It is important to note that lawmaker does not give the judge any discretion when aggravating cirsumstances are available in the present case. Instead of setting an increase range, lawmaker provides a solid increase rate.
In this context, our paper aims to define the disinformation at first. After the definition of disinformation which lawmaker has gone for in the process of discussing the offence as a draft law,1 elements of the offence will be given briefly and, further discussions on the offence will be covered as deemed necessary. After everything is said, relationship between art. 217/A of the TCC and free access to information and freedom of expression will be examined briefly.No sponso
Türk ve Alman ceza hukukunda hayvanların korunması: hayvanların mağdurluk konumunun tür adaleti perspektifiyle incelenmesi
No full textYeşil kriminoloji, çevresel problemlere yönelik farkındalığın gelişmesiyle ortaya çıkan ve ceza hukukunun özellikle de “zarar” ve “mağdur” anlayışını eleştirel bakışla yeniden ele alan bir yaklaşımdır. Bu kapsamda yeşil kriminoloji anlayışını savunanlar, hukuk sistemlerinde hayvanların hukuki statüsünü ve hayvanlara yönelik olarak işlenen suçlarda hayvanların mağdur statüsünü tür adaleti perspektifiyle eleştirmekte ve hayvanların da doğrudan suçun mağduru olarak ele alınabileceğini savunmaktadır. Nitekim
günümüzde birçok hukuk sisteminin hayvanların ceza hukuku normları vasıtasıyla korunmasına yönelik çeşitli düzenlemeler yaptığı görülse de hayvanlara yönelik suç teşkil eden fiillerde hayvanlar mağdur olarak kabul edilmemekte, hukuken korunan değer insan veya insanın bazı menfaatleri olmaktadır. Bu durum hayvanların hukuki statüsünden ve onların hukukta bir “eşya” olarak tanımlanmasından kaynaklanmaktadır.Green criminology is an approach that emerged with the growing
awareness of environmental issues. This approach critically reexamines
certain aspects of criminal law. Advocates of the green criminology
perspective criticize the legal systems for their treatment of animals,
challenging the legal status and the victim status of animals in crimes
committed against them from a perspective of species justice. They argue that
animals can be considered as victims of a crime. Although many legal systems
have made various regulations to protect animals through criminal law
norms, in offenses against animals, animals are not recognized as victims,
and the legally protected value is either the human being or some human
interests. This situation arises from the legal status of animals and their
definition as “property” in the lawNo sponso
Text mining and data mining applications in industrial engineering: Review and extension
No full textData mining and text mining models have been frequently carried out in a variety of engineering disciplines and
sciences. In this paper, we have evaluated data mining and text mining models in industrial and systems engineering.
We have categorized the results by journal, country, applications, etc. The results show that there is an increase growth
on all aspects of data and text mining in industrial engineering and these novel methods will change the future of
industrial engineering professions.No sponso