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Ultrasonic imaging as a means of monitoring gonadal development in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)
Get PDFThe commercial farming of juvenile lumpfish requires monitoring of gonadal development to achieve synchronized production. Conventional methods such as gonadosomatic index (GSI), sex hormone analyses, gonadal histology, endoscopy, and gene expression analyses are costly, invasive, and often involve sacrificing the fish. We assessed the efficiency of ultrasound as a non-invasive method for monitoring gonadal development in lumpfish. Based on ultrasound observations, we categorized the fish into six stages; F0 to F5 for females and M0 to M5 for males, that represented maturity levels from immature to spent. Importantly, the ultrasound gonadal stages aligned with histological gonadal stages. Additionally, ultrasound stages aligned with profiles of GSI, testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone, and 17β-estradiol throughout gonadal development including the spawning period. Moreover, these parameters exhibited significant positive correlations with each other reflecting their parallel trends during gonadal development. To minimize the frequency of ultrasound usage and fish handling, we established F3 and M3/M4 as arbitrary thresholds for identifying ripe females and males, respectively. By using these thresholds, the need for regular ultrasound monitoring could be reduced during most of the rearing period. Ultrasound proves to be useful and reliable for monitoring gonadal development in lumpfish, enabling synchronized production of juvenile fish.publishedVersio
Spawning time in adult polar cod (Boreogadus saida) altered by crude oil exposure, independent of food availability
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Unbiased prediction errors for partial least squares regression models: Choosing a representative error estimator for process monitoring
Get PDFPartial least squares (PLS) regression is widely used to predict chemical analytes from spectroscopic data, thus reducing the need for expensive and time-consuming wet chemical reference analysis in industrial process monitoring. However, predictions via PLS by definition carry sample-specific errors, and estimation of these errors is essential for correct interpretation of results. To increase trust in PLS regression-based predictions, reliable prediction error estimates must be reported. This can be achieved by determining realistic sample-specific prediction errors using an unbiased mean squared prediction error estimate. This work provides a guide for estimating sample-specific prediction errors, showing the importance of choosing an appropriate error estimator prior to deploying PLS models for industrial applications. We reviewed recent and established methods for estimating the sample-specific prediction error and test them through simulation studies. The methods were subsequently applied for estimating prediction errors in two real-life datasets from the food ingredients industry, where near-infrared spectroscopy was used to quantify i) urea in process water and ii) individual protein concentrations in ultrafiltration retentates from a protein fractionation process. Both the simulations and real data examples showed that the mean squared error of calibration is always a downward biased estimator. Although leave-one-out-cross-validation performed surprisingly well in the data analysed in this work, this paper demonstrated that the appropriate choice of error estimator requires the user to make an informed, data-centered decision.publishedVersio
Comparative Description and Analysis of Oyster Aquaculture in Selected Atlantic Regions: Production, Market Dynamics, and Consumption Patterns
Get PDFIn the face of an increasing world population and a subsequent need for an increase in sustainable and healthy food production, low trophic species, such as oysters, emerge as a promising alternative. However, regional variations in oyster production techniques, market dynamics, and consumption patterns create challenges for both the global and local industry’s growth. In this study, a descriptive qualitative analysis of oyster markets across seven Atlantic regions was carried out. The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) was found to be farmed in most Atlantic regions except the US but is classified as invasive in Sweden and potentially invasive in South Africa. Other farmed and/or harvested species include native species (C. gasar and C. rhizophorae) in Brazil, the American cupped oyster (C. virginica) in the US, and the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) in France, Sweden, and the US. In Irish farms, Pacific oysters are primarily for export to European markets. The marine aquaculture sectors of Sweden, South Africa, and Namibia, as well as Brazil’s farming for C. gasar, were found to be underdeveloped. This study also observed a variation in licensing, property rights, and regulatory frameworks. Financial challenges for small businesses, ecological implications of seed production techniques, biosecurity risks, and public health considerations are emphasized as critical areas for attention. This study offers valuable insights into the selected markets and can serve as a useful resource for policymakers, aquaculture practitioners, and stakeholders in optimizing global shellfish industry strategies.Comparative Description and Analysis of Oyster Aquaculture in Selected Atlantic Regions: Production, Market Dynamics, and Consumption PatternspublishedVersio
Prediction of chemical and sensory properties in strawberries using Raman spectroscopy
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Using renowned chefs for VeriTaste™ as a sensory method analysis in food products – A comparison of Atlantic salmon stored in refrigerated seawater and on ice
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Investigation of the Functions of n-3 Very-Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Skin using in vivo Atlantic Salmon and in vitro Human and Fish Skin Models
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Fast and slow releasing sulphide donors engender distinct transcriptomic alterations in Atlantic salmon hepatocytes
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Intergenerational effects of early life-stage temperature modulation on gene expression and DNA methylation in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
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Valideringsrapport: Bestemming av mengde løyseleg fosfor i fôr og fôringrediensar ved bruk av basisk ekstraksjon, mikrobølgeomnsoppslutting og ICP-OES
Get PDFSammendrag/anbefalinger: Formålet med dette arbeidet var å utvikle og validere ein ny metode for analyse av løyseleg fosfor i fiskefôr og fôringrediensar. Den nye metoden er basert på den tidlegare metoden, A 102 Løselig fosfor, og A 120 Elementanalyser ved ICP-OES og mikrobølgeovnoppslutning, og består av tre trinn; eksraksjon, oppslutting og analyse. Først vert løyseleg fosfor ekstrahert frå prøven ved hjelp av base, deretter vert ein fraksjon av væskefasen oppslutta under høgt trykk og temperatur i mikrobølgeomn (UltraWave). Fosforkonsentrasjonen i prøven vert til slutt bestemt ved bruk av induktivt kopla plasma optisk emisjonsspektroskopi (ICP-OES). Validering av presisjon, samanlikning av ny og tidlegare metode og undersøking av robustheit med tanke på ekstraksjonstid, prøvemengde og sentrifugevilkår har vorte utført. Etter gjennomgang av resultata, vert metoden ansett å vere godkjent.Valideringsrapport: Bestemming av mengde løyseleg fosfor i fôr og fôringrediensar ved bruk av basisk ekstraksjon, mikrobølgeomnsoppslutting og ICP-OESpublishedVersio