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Need to Change, Want to Change, or Hard to Change? Targeting three dinner food waste profiles with regard to attitudes and personality traits
Get PDFIn 2015, the United Nations’ sustainable development sub-goal 12.3 called for halving food waste per capita by 2030. In Norway, dinner leftovers are the largest consumer food waste category, particularly in households with children. To reduce household food waste, we hypothesised that different strategies for different consumer profiles are necessary and aimed to document self-reported food waste in relation to consumers' attitudes and personalities. In a survey, 333 consumers with children reported their perceived dinner waste (PDW). In addition, we collected the respondents’ attitudes towards food waste, as well as their environmental awareness and personality traits in order to classify them into three previously identified personality-environmental awareness segments. Our results show that Need to Change consumers (30%), characterized by Emotional Control and Openness to Experience, reported the highest PDW and showed reluctance to reduce food waste, making them a key target for interventions. Want to Change consumers (54%) reported the lowest PDW and showed high motivation to reduce food waste, but a further reduction from this segment would have less societal impact. Hard to Change consumers (15%), characterized by Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and low Openness to Experiences, reported medium PDW. Engaging this segment could have a moderate impact, but they might be harder to reach. Our findings support the idea that environmental awareness and personality traits should be taken into consideration when developing strategies to reduce household food waste. Targeted intervention recommendations to reach each profile are derived.Need to Change, Want to Change, or Hard to Change? Targeting three dinner food waste profiles with regard to attitudes and personality traitspublishedVersionpublishedVersio
Consequences of acute and long-term excessive iodine intake: A literature review focusing on seaweed as a potential dietary iodine source
Get PDFMacroalgae, also called seaweed, are becoming more widespread as food in Western diets. Seaweed can accumulate iodine, an essential nutrient for humans. However, some species of seaweed may contain very high amounts of iodine, and therefore, iodine has been identified as one of the major hazards in the seaweed food chain. Macroalgae may be consumed regularly, though many consumers report eating macroalgae only occasionally. The aim of this paper is to explore possible health consequences of excessive iodine intake according to long-term (chronic) or occasional (acute) excessive exposure to iodine, relating to a regular (chronic) or occasional (acute) seaweed intake, respectively. Furthermore, through a modeling exercise, we add different amounts of seaweed to the diet in a population group to explore the possible safe amounts that can be added without exceeding excessive iodine intakes and risking detrimental health effects. Chronic excessive iodine intakes were associated with several negative health outcomes at variable doses in various studies. For acute excessive iodine exposure, negative health effects seemed to be associated with higher iodine exposures. However, the research on this topic was limited. The chronic and acute iodine exposures needed to result in negative health outcomes may easily be ingested by macroalgae consumption. Adding seaweed to the diet must be done thoughtfully to avoid the risk of exceeding thresholds for excessive iodine intake.publishedVersio
Kvalitetsprognoser mathvete – en pilot 2024
Get PDFPå grunn av lav matkornandel i årets sesong, har vi mottatt færre siloprøver enn ønskelig for analysering av årets kvalitet. Årets siloprøver hadde noe lavere proteininnhold enn i tidligere år, men var likevel på akseptabelt nivå. Til tross for vanskelig værforhold ved innhøsting hadde siloprøvene av både høst- og vårhvete høyt falltall. Analyser av de viskoelastiske deigegenskapene viste at KL 1 og 2 hadde like sterk glutenkvalitet, og KL 3 hadde som forventet svakere glutenkvalitet. Høsthvete (KL 4) hadde noe sterkere glutenkvalitet enn KL 3. Resultater fra baketester viste tilfredsstillende brødvolum for alle klassene, og med forventet lavere volum for KL 3 og 4 enn KL 1 og 2. Høyde/bredde av brød var i stor grad samsvarende med de viskoelastiske egenskapene av deig, dvs. at høyde/bredde-forholdet økte ved økende elastisitet i deigen. Viskoelastiske deigegenskaper og bakeresultater for årets mathvete var stort sett i samsvar med de to siste sesongene. Analyser som møllene har utført viste tendens til lavere falltall, spesielt i vårhvete, og større variasjoner innen klasse for proteininnhold og viskoelastiske egenskaper. Resultatene viste i stor grad tilfredsstillende og forventet kvalitet for de ulike klassene med hensyn på viskoelastiske egenskaper og bakeresultater, som samsvarer med resultatene fra de to siste sesongene.Kvalitetsprognoser mathvete – en pilot 2024publishedVersio
The genetics of resistance to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout unveiled through survival and virus load data
Get PDFnfectious Pancreatic Necrosis virus (IPNV) is one of the major threats to the animal welfare and economy of the rainbow trout farming industry. Previous research has demonstrated significant genetic variation for resistance against IPNV. The main objective of the study was to investigate the genetic architecture of resistance against IPNV in rainbow trout fry. To achieve this, 610 rainbow trout fry, from a full factorial mating between 5 sires and 5 dams, were bath challenged with the IPNV isolate (IPNV-AS) from Atlantic salmon reared at a commercial farm. The resistance against IPNV was accessed using three different phenotypes; binary survival (BS), total days survived (TDS) and virus load (VL) recorded on the fish throughout the 40-day challenge test. All fish were genotyped using a 57K Affymetrix SNP array. The IPNV-AS isolate resulted in an overall mortality of 62.1%. The heritability estimates for survival (BS h2 = 0.21 ± 0.06, TDS h2 = 0.25 ± 0.07) and VL traits (h2 = 0.23 ± 0.08) were moderate and indicative of potential use of selection for increased resistance to IPNV in rainbow trout selective breeding programs. The unity estimated genetic correlation between the two survival traits (BS and TDS) indicates that the traits can be considered the same trait. In contrast, a moderate favourable negative genetic correlation was found between VL and the two survival traits (−0.61 ± 0.22 to −0.70 ± 0.19). The GWAS of the traits with many QTLs crossing the chromosome-wide Bonferroni corrected threshold indicates the polygenic nature of the studied traits. Most of the 10 possible identified genes were found to be linked with immunity or viral pathogenesis, which could be potentially responsible for the significant genetic variation in survival against the IPNV-AS. The QTL validation analysis revealed no significant difference in the mortalities and VL among the three genotypes of the detected QTL. The VL trait showed larger variation among the dead fry and with a concordant pattern with the two survival phenotypes, but with no significant difference in the proportion of IPNV VL positive samples in the dead and the survived fry. Overall, the results indicate the polygenic nature of the studied traits and support the use of genomic selection to improve resistance against IPNV in rainbow trout breeding companies.publishedVersio
Håndtering og dekontaminering av mat med påvist Listeria – muligheter innenfor gjeldende regelverk
Get PDFListeria er en bakterie som finnes overalt i naturen. Funn av Listeria i sjømatprodukter har forårsaket flere tilbaketrekkinger de senere år. Gjeldende regelverk definerer ulike grenseverdier for Listeria avhengig av om bakterien kan vokse i et produkt eller ikke. Fersk fisk og fiskeprodukter vil i de fleste tilfeller havne i kategorien ‘næringsmidler hvor L. monocytogenes kan vokse’. Dersom en råvare eller et produkt har fått påvist Listeria, kan produktet med visse forbehold kunne benyttes til andre formål, alternativt bli destruert. For å tillate ‘bruk til annet formål’ må ulike tiltak gjennomføres for å sikre en høy inaktivering av Listeria. En faglig vurdering må ligge til grunn for den enkelte matvaregruppe for å sikre tilstrekkelig drap av Listeria. Mattilsynet sier ikke noe spesifikt i sine retningslinjer om hvilke metoder som kan være aktuelle å benytte for dekontamineringsregimer. Listeria inaktiveres dersom den utsettes for tilstrekkelig varmebehandling, men også andre behandlinger som prosessering med høyt trykk og bestråling vil gi høy inaktivering av denne bakterien.Håndtering og dekontaminering av mat med påvist Listeria – muligheter innenfor gjeldende regelverkpublishedVersio
Inter seasonal validation of non-contact NIR spectroscopy for measurement of total soluble solids in high tunnel strawberries
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Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822)
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Towards sustainable aquaculture: Assessing polychaete meal (Alitta virens) as an effective fishmeal alternative in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) diets
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Hyperspectral imaging and deep learning for parasite detection in white fish under industrial conditions
Get PDFParasites in fish muscle present a significant problem for the seafood industry in terms of both quality and health and safety, but the low contrast between parasites and fish tissue makes them exceedingly difficult to detect. The traditional method to identify nematodes requires removing fillets from the production line for manual inspection on candling tables. This technique is slow, labor intensive and typically only finds about half the parasites present. The seafood industry has struggled for decades to develop a method that can improve the detection rate while being performed in a rapid, non-invasive manner. In this study, a newly developed solution uses deep neural networks to simultaneously analyze the spatial and spectral information of hyperspectral imaging data. The resulting technology can be directly integrated into existing industrial processing lines to rapidly identify nematodes at detection rates (73%) better than conventional manual inspection (50%).publishedVersio