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Digital Twins for Industry 5.0: Unlocking the Human Potential
Get PDFThe holy grail of Industry 5.0 resides in the intersection of the three dimensions; sustainable, resilient, and human-centric manufacturing. While the Industry 4.0 paradigm addresses resiliency and sustainability through increased flexibility and efficiency, the human component of manufacturing systems has been largely neglected. Despite rapid developments in artificial intelligence, human intelligence remains superior in terms of creative and critical thinking. Digital twins have emerged as a concept that effectively merges the physical and the digital worlds in cyber-physical production systems. The computational power of digital systems is leveraged to collect and aggregate data that are analyzed and presented to a human decision-maker. Taking a human-centric perspective, the digital twin should be designed to enhance human capabilities, accommodate the needs of people, and mitigate shortcomings of the human mind. This paper addresses these issues by discussing how humans may utilize and better interact with digital twins. A conceptual framework for a human-centric digital twin is proposed with use cases for various interfaces for operators, engineers, and managers.publishedVersio
Digitalization in the Norwegian fishing industry - Effects on the reporting frequency of fixed fishing gear
Get PDFIt has been observed that reporting the location of fixed fishing gear is an efficient way to prevent gear conflicts and inform the authorities about where the gear has been set in case of loss. In Norway, reporting has been a mandatory process for many years, but it was only after the process was digitalized that reporting became efficient. Since 2015, there has been a yearly increase of 30% in reporting, and the growth curve does not show any signs of flattening. The reason for this increase in reporting frequency is thought to be that the process has become easier, and fishers have experienced the benefits of reporting firsthand.acceptedVersio
ChatGPT: mediating complex design processes
Get PDFThis study explores the integration of ChatGPT as a facilitative tool in complex design processes within a project-based Transformative Design course. Student teams collaborated with external partners on projects concerning democratization of trading, democratization of local manufacturing processes, and promoting social inclusion. The inquiry observed if ChatGPT positively contributes to such processes and, if so, in what ways. We focused on its impact on teamwork, creativity, and informed decision-making. Data collection involved recording design sessions with automatic transcription, conversation logs from ChatGPT, semi-structured team interviews, observations and an anonymized questionnaire. Our findings point to ChatGPT’s ability to offer better assistance with real-life design processes - not as much in terms of creativity, but the ability to learn and get the information needed for design in complex and often novel domains. They also point to a shifting perception of human, technology, and world relationships.publishedVersio
Geofence for fartsreduksjon på buss
Get PDFGeofencing er et verktøy som innebærer å sette opp et digitalt gjerde, som med posisjoneringsteknologi kan brukes til trafikkregulering innenfor en gitt sone avgrenset på et digitalt kart. Slik kan geofencing brukes til digital trafikkregulering, avhengig av hvem som forvalter sonen(e). Denne rapporten omhandler bruken av geofence for busser, med særlig fokus på fartsreduksjon. Funn og konklusjoner er basert seg på et mindre utvalg tilgjengelig dokumentasjon og lærdom fra tidligere prosjekt, intervjuer og survey til noen norske bussoperatører som er i en tidlig fase av planlegging, testing eller implementering, samt diskusjon med offentlige myndigheter. Rapportens hovedfunn viser at ikke bare bruksområdene til geofencer varierer, men også funksjonaliteten ettersom den kan settes til å gi ulike grad av støtte og kontroll, fra informativ til mer intervenerende. Rapporten viser til forutsetninger og utfordringer som særlig omhandler soneregulering, avveininger rundt fart lavere enn lovbestemt, personvern og kort om IT-sikkerhet, samt organisatoriske endringer hos bussoperatørene som vil kunne bli nødvendig.publishedVersio
CCS Haugalandet : Evaluation of CO2 logistics scenarios in the Haugalandet region
Get PDFEramet Norway Sauda, Hydro, Gassco/Equinor and Haugaland Næringspark (HNP) have joined forces in a CCS cluster to evaluate benefits from cooperating on transport of captured CO2 to a storage terminal. Total CO2 emissions in the cluster were in 2022 1.5 million tonnes, which can be expected to increase as novel industries are being established at HNP. Four logistics options were evaluated with the SINTEF Energy iCCS tool for two different sets of daily captured CO2 volumes and two different shipping conditions (Northern Lights and optimised conditions). The results confirm that cooperation gives cost savings and show that the optimal logistics solution varies,depending on amount of CO2 transported. Impact of distance to CO2 storage terminal on cost was investigated as well as the impact on cost when reducing ship transport pressure from 15 barg to 7 barg. Minimising CO2 transport cost is only one part of a cost-efficient CCS chain. Access to CO2 storage at a reasonable cost is necessary for realising a CCSbusiness models for industrypublishedVersio
Downstream fish passage evaluation using barotrauma detection sensors at the Kongsvinger and Funnefoss power plants
Get PDFDownstream migrating fish face injury and mortality risks from turbines and hydraulic structures due to cavitation, pressure drops, blade strikes, and hydraulic shear. Waterproof autonomous sensors measured these risks by tracking pressure changes and strike events. The study, conducted at the Funnefoss and Kongsvinger power plants in the Glomma River, evaluated Nadir pressure, pressure rate of change, and strike events, comparing results to known mortality thresholds, particularly for grayling. The study found low risk of fish mortality at the two power plants. Future research should focus on varying turbine flows, different river conditions, and better understanding fish migration patterns in the Glomma River.publishedVersio
Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities Definition, Key Performance Indicators and Assessment Criteria: Version 5.0
Get PDFThis document outlines the definition, key performance indicators (KPI), and assessment criteria for the Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities (ZEN research centre). This fifth version of the ZEN definition builds upon previous versions of the ZEN definition report and the ZEN definition guideline series (1). This report gives details on the ZEN definition framework. Further details on ZEN KPIs can be found in the ZEN definition guideline report version 4.0. Over 100 people involved in the ZEN research centre have contributed to this document.publishedVersio
Kunnskapsgrunnlag for vurdering av vannkraft i vernede vassdrag – Verdalsvassdraget som pilot
Get PDFNTE har bedt SINTEF Energi og NTNU Vitenskapsmuseet om å gjøre en uavhengig vurdering av hvilket kunnskapsgrunnlag som bør ligge til grunn dersom vernede vassdrag skal vurderes for vannkraftutbygging. Verdalsvassdraget ble vernet mot vannkraftutbygging i 2005 og er valgt som pilotstudie. Vernede vassdrag er utsatt for mange andre inngrep enn vannkraft på tross av hva rikspolitiske retningslinjer for vernede vassdrag legger føringer for. En sammenstilling av dagens status i vernede vassdrag er viktig for å kunne vurdere effekten av eventuell kraftutbygging i ett vernet vassdrag. Verneverdiene i Verdalsvassdraget er i grove trekke knyttet til et variert landskapsbilde og elveløpsformer, samt botanikk, land- og vannfauna. Kunnskaps-grunnlaget og undersøkelser for en eventuell vurdering av vannkraftutbygging i Verdalsvassdraget bør inneholde mer enn standard krav for konsekvensutredninger. Vi anbefaler at en helhetlig status for fysisk, kjemisk, hydromorfologisk og økologisk tilstand, inkludert tilstanden til verneverdiene i forhold til verneplanen etableres. I tillegg er det behov for en vurdering av samlet belastning forårsaket av påvirkninger og tiltak innenfor vassdraget, samt en vurdering av hvordan inngrep i Verdalsvassdraget vil påvirke nasjonal samlet belastning sett i henhold til målsettingene med vassdragsvernet.Kunnskapsgrunnlag for vurdering av vannkraft i vernede vassdrag – Verdalsvassdraget som pilotpublishedVersio
International experience on rainwater harvesting and stormwater utilisation – a literature review
Get PDFNorway is a country with abundant water resources. Rainwater harvesting and stormwater utilization (RWH) has not been a central topic in Norway for a very long time. In recent years, however, we have experienced more frequent extreme storm events and less precipitation over other periods, because of climate change. We therefore need solutions to handle both too much and too little water problems. Rainwater harvesting has been recognised as one of the efficient measures for municipal stormwater management (for example in Oslo) and one of the sustainable nature-based solutions for flood control and drought mitigation and diverse social and environmental benefits. Despite of this awareness, the progress of rainwater harvesting in Norway is not yet much implemented in practices. This paper aims introduces international experience on rainwater harvesting and utilization from several selected countries in Europe and other parts of the world, thus paves the ground for use of the rainwater resources smartly and sustainably, and build Norwegian cities to be more water resilient and water smart.Internasjonal erfaring om høsting og utnyttelse av regnvann og overvann. Norge har store ferskvannsressurser. Av den grunn har regnvannshosting ikke vært et fremtredende tema. Regnvann (overvann) har i byer stort sett blitt behandlet som et problem man kunne lose ved a legge store nok rør og frakte det bort. Virkningene av klimaendringene har vært både okt antall flomhendelser og tørkeperioder. Disse endringene medfører at vi må ha systemer som bade handterer for mye og for lite vann med større svingninger enn vi tidligere har sett. Det har de siste tjue arene i større grad vart satset på lokal handtering av overvann (LOD) og det finnes også eksempler på at man enkelte steder har inkludert regnvannshosting i overvannssystemene (f.eks. i Oslo). Det har også blitt tatt i bruk mer naturbaserte løsninger innen overvannshåndtering. Men, det er ikke nok. I denne artikkelen er det gjort en gjennomgang av erfaringen at man har med regnvannshøsting og utnyttelse av overvann i utvalgte land bade i Europa og andre deler i verden. Disse erfaringene kan tjene som eksempler for regnvannshøsting og bærekraftig overvannshåndteringen i norske byer.publishedVersio
Understanding Model Power in Social AI
Get PDFGiven the widespread integration of Social AI like ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and MyAI, in personal and professional contexts, it is crucial to understand their effects on information and knowledge processing, and individual autonomy. This paper builds on Bråten’s concept of model power, applying it to Social AI to offer a new perspective on the interaction dynamics between humans and AI. By reviewing recent user studies, we examine whether and how models of the world reflected in Social AI may disproportionately impact human-AI interactions, potentially leading to model monopolies where Social AI impacts human beliefs, behaviour and homogenize the worldviews of its users. The concept of model power provides a framework for critically evaluating the impact and influence that Social AI has on communication and meaning-making, thereby informing the development of future systems to support more balanced and meaningful human-AI interactions.publishedVersio