Institute of Social Sciences
IRISS Repository of Institute of Social Sciences (Belgrade)Not a member yet
2648 research outputs found
Sort by
Characteristics and functioning of the semi-presidential system in Serbia
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the characteristics and the functioning of the semi-presidential system in the Republic of Serbia. The subject of analysis are various factors that influence in a fundamental way the political practice of semi-presidentialism – the constitutional structure, constitutional powers of the executive, electoral system, party system, the relationship between the president and the parliamentary majority. The paper explains the evolution of the concept and key features of semi-presidentialism from its inception to the contemporary definitions offered by the comparativists. The general knowledge of the semi-presidential systems is examined through the case of Serbia. Semi-presidentialism in the Republic of Serbia is characterized by the oscillations between two phases – the presidential phase and the parliamentary phase. The crucial causes of this phenomenon are the party system and the relationship between the president and the parliamentary majority. The possibility of holding a party and a state function simultaneously strengthens the actual power of the person using it, resulting in the often homogenization of the dual executive
Will the Chinese currency achieve global status during the 2020s?
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic, and the related economic crisis, catalyzes the global power rebalance, from West to East, affecting the currency markets. It is estimated that the influence of the renminbi (RMB) will significantly strengthen during the third decade of the 21st century, with RMB becoming the third largest reserve currency at the end of that period. This is related to the increased willingness of foreign investors to enter one of the few capital markets that are expected to grow significantly in the post-COVID-19 era, primarily due to the accelerating liberalization of Chinese financial markets and the expected appreciation of the RMB in the 2020s. The development of the first sovereign digital currency by Beijing will also play a critical role in RMB internationalization. The enormous size of the Chinese economy and the growing role of the RMB represent the most serious challenge for the US and the dollar so far. In the expected upcoming multi-polar world, it is conceivable that the dollar continues to play a predominant - but not exclusive as now - role in international trade and finance. So, it is clear that RMB is still far from the world’s reserve currency, which requires full convertibility and full capital account liberalization, but the path to a three-polar monetary system, consisting of the dollar, euro, and renminbi, is in sight
Evropska unija usled globalnog „geopolitičkog lockdown-a“ i početak procesa strateške reindustijalizacije EU
Get PDFRad predstavlja analizu dominantnih geopolitičkih procesa u Evropi u vremenu pandemije Kovid 19, s namerom da se ti procesi stave u objektivan globalni geopolitički kontekst. U tom smislu se kao glavna geopolitička posledica pandemije Kovid 19 u Evropi i svetu prepoznaje proces povratka tzv. real-politike, tj. politike moći u svetske odnose, što je vidljivo iz procesa tzv. „geopolitičkog zaključavanja“ (geopolitical lockdown) kojim je praćena pandemija Kovid 19 u svetu. U radu se istražuju posledice ovog procesa po Evropu, Balkan i posebno po kapacitet Evropske unije za proširenje. Stoga analiza ponuđena u ovom radu može biti korisna za dodatno konceptualizovanje strategije Republike Srbije u njenom odnosu prema Evropskoj uniji i osmišljavanje optimalnog pristupa procesu evropskih integracija, s obzirom na moguća dešavanja u Evropi nakon pandemije Kovid 19
Однос спорта и ПР-а у савременом друштву: циљеви и последице
Get PDFТекст укратко настоји да расветли позицију спорта у савременом друштву, разматрајући је у контексту односа ове сфере друштва (спорта) и области односа с јавношћу. С том намером, детектују се кључне одлике савремених спортских збивања и аспкети на којима се заснива њихова веза са тзв. ПР индустријом, уједно се базираћи на исходиштима тог односа. Анализом кључних трендова и последица процеса који се реализују у оквиру те релације (спорт-ПР), указује се на основне механизме који их покрећу, али и на бројне негативности које се на
том путу догађају, а услед преокретања изворне логике обе ове области. С тим у вези, разматра се улога
професионалне етике, као бране овим, негативно усмереним процесима, али и као основа за враћање те логике изворном смислу спорта, односа с јавношћу, али и њиховог односа; а тако и превенцији бројним друштвеним аномалијама које данас произилазе из тог односа, чему сви свакодневно сведочим
The social, cultural and legal aspects of labour migrations from Serbia to Canada
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to explore social, economic and cultural challenges of migrations to Canada by providing the Canadian policy framework regarding employment and working conditions of migrant workers. The labour status of those with high-professional capac- ities (teachers, artists, health care professionals, IT professionals, scientists, etc.) will be particularly addressed in this paper, taking into account a recent Serbian policy of “brain drain” management. The positive potential of migration expressed in development-friendly migration policy needs to Ьe considered since migrant policies also affect Ьoth countries' socioeconomic and cultural development. Serbian Diaspora Act (2009) and the National Strategy for Preserving and Strengthening the Relations between the Homeland and the Diaspora and the Homeland and Serbs in the Region (2011) will be used as basic referential legal documents
Net international migration: A panel analysis of economic determinants
Get PDFVarious factors can motivate and encourage individuals to leave their country of origin and engage in the process of international migration. Large migration flows over the past few years, which are a consequence of the so-called refugee crisis in 2015, have resulted in a significant increase in academic interest in international migration. Although many factors can encourage international migration, people’s desire to increase their standard of living is undoubtedly one of the most important causes.
This empirical study analyses the economic determinants of net international migration. It was conducted using techniques of econometric analysis of panel data on an extensive balanced panel data sample covering 136 countries over a period of 30 years (1990‒2019). Although this study focuses on the analysis of the economic determinants of net international migration, it is necessary to point out that in this case it is not a one-way impact. Apart from the fact that economic indicators affect international migration, it is indisputable that there is an effect in the opposite direction, i.e. that migration flows significantly affect the economic performance of the origin and destination country. This influence can be realised through different mechanisms. The potential presence of reverse causality generates a problem of potentially endogenous regressors, which must be considered when selecting model estimation techniques.
The estimation of the models was performed using the following two techniques that allow cross-section dependence: (i) standard common correlated effects pooled estimator (CCEP), which is based on the application of the ordinary least squares method; and (ii) modified common correlated effects pooled estimator, which is based on the application of the two-stage least squares method, allowing the presence of endogenous regressors.
The obtained findings suggest that the impact of the unemployment rate on net international migration is negative. Estimates generated by the standard CCEP technique (as well as by the modified CCEP technique) show that an increase in the unemployment rate of 1% results in a decrease in net international migration by about 0.03 migrants (0.06 migrants) per 1,000 inhabitants. Education has a positive impact on net international migration. The standard CCEP technique (modified CCEP technique) points to the fact that a 1% increase in education results in an increase in net international migration of about 0.01‒0.02 migrants (0.003 migrants) per 1,000 inhabitants. The level of development of the migrant network has a positive effect on net international migration. The standard and modified CCEP technique show that increasing the stock of migrants by 1% increases net international migration by about 0.04‒0.05 migrants, i.e. by about 0.01 migrants per 1,000 inhabitants. Finally, estimates obtained using the standard CCEP technique suggest that a 1% increase in per capita gross domestic product (GDPpc) results in an increase in net international migration of about 0.01 migrants per 1,000 inhabitants, while the results of the modified and more credible CCEP technique show that growth in GDPpc by 1% implies a decrease in net international migration by about 0.02 migrants per 1,000 inhabitants. The negative effect of GDPpc could be rationalised by the existence of an inverted‒U relationship between GDPpc and emigration (mobility transition curve). Acceptance of such an explanation requires that the following conditions be met: (i) there is an inverted-U relationship between emigration and GDPpc; (ii) the countries in the sample fit within the growing part of this relationship; and (iii) when GDPpc grows, emigration increases absolutely more than immigration
Regional analysis of COVID-19 mortality in Serbia
Get PDFThe pandemic generated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus should be viewed as a severe public health threat because, in the first ten months of its existence, over 3 million people perished worldwide. According to available data, mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic is markedly different across countries but also within them. In the analysis of the consequences of the mortality pandemic in Serbia in 2020, the final data of vital statistics published by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia were used. The results of the research are presented at all territorial statistical-administrative levels (except the settlement level). The research showed that the highest intensity of deaths due to the new disease is in the south of the country and larger city centers (Belgrade, Nis, Kragujevac). Vojvodina and the districts and municipalities that belong to it have the most favorable values in Serbia. The quality of mortality data by cause of death varies considerably at different statistical-administrative levels, primarily with the underreporting of COVID-19 as the primary cause of death. As a more reliable indicator of the impact of the pandemic on the total mortality of the population, excess mortality indicates a record-high increase in mortality in 2020 in Presevo, Sjenica, and Novi Pazar. The difference between the northern part of Serbia and the southern part in mortality due to COVID-19 is potentially based on more intergenerational contacts and more pronounced population migrations, so it can be stated that the rate of transmission is a more important determinant of mortality in the population of different parts of Serbia, than the level of available health care or age structure
Metodološke karakteristike projekta „Javno mnjenje Srbije 2018 – JMS 2018“
Get PDFU ovom prilogu se iznose osnovne metodološke karakteristike naučno-istraživačkog projekta Predstave o EU i Rusiji u javnosti Srbije (Javno mnjenje Srbije 2018 – JMS 2018). Radi se o multidisciplinarnom projektu, sprovedenom od strane Centra za politikološka istraživanja i javno mnjenje (CPIJM) Instituta društvenih nauka. U fokusu ovog priloga je kvantitativni aspekt tog projekta, to jest istraživanje javnog mnjenja, koje je sprovedeno tokom oktobra i novembra 2018. godine. Upitnik je fokusiran na stavove građana prema međunarodnoj politici i položaju Srbije i to u pogledu odnosa sa Evropskom unijom i Rusijom. Anketiranje je sprovedeno posredstvom interneta – ispitanice/i su popunjavali elektronski upitnik samostalno, na sopstvenim digitalnim uređajima. Uzorak ispitanica/ka ima dva segmenta. Jedan je baziran na pozivanje za učešće u anketi putem elektronske pošte. Drugi segment su ispitanici/e koji su pozivani internet oglašavanjem, deljenjem poziva i informacija posredstvom društvenih mreža i slično. Prikupljeno je preko 3200 popunjenih upitnika. Nakon opisa primenjenih metoda, predstavljene su analize koje proveravaju neke indikatore kvaliteta anketnog istraživanja. Zaključuje se da istraživanje sprovedeno putem internet anketiranja može da posluži kao solidna osnova za naučna istraživanja