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Would You Make Money Giving Birth? Tax Allowances and Economic Assistance as Measures of Population Policy in Serbia
No full textThis article addresses the issue of childbirth postponement in Serbia. The paper examines the interaction of demographic and socioeconomic factors as relevant indicators of demographic development. In the case of seven municipalities in the Srem region, the authors sought to determine the causes of putting off childbirth and examine the attitudes of the female population, considering their decision not to give birth. The paper pursues to provide answers to the problems of the postponement of childbirth phenomenon, the economic resources needed for birth, the importance of the institutional framework and the changing role of women in society, which directly affect women's reproductive behavior. Research findings can be integrated into development strategies, which include both population policy and family planning measures, from the level of an individual to the extent of the community
(Dis)trust in doctors and public and private healthcare institutions in the Western Balkans
Get PDFIntroduction
Considering the geopolitical changes in the six Western Balkan countries—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia—over the last three decades, particularly as it concerns the progress and changes in the healthcare systems, we argue that there is a need for a detailed analysis of people's trust in those healthcare systems and healthcare providers.
Methods
In this cross-sectional, intercountry study, we examine the trust trends of Western Balkans citizens in medical doctors and public and private healthcare institutions from 25 July 2021 to 30 October 2021, with 3789 participants using a self-reported questionnaire, and Google Forms. Snowball sampling is used to collect data from six Western Balkans countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia.
Findings
The primary findings of our study show that citizens in the Western Balkans have a low level of trust in their healthcare system (X̄ = 4.3/10). Medical doctors working in private healthcare institutions, on the other hand, are afforded a higher level of trust (X̄ = 6.6/10) than those working in public healthcare institutions (X̄ = 5.7/10). In the event that they or their family members need to visit a health institution, half of the study participants would choose private healthcare institutions over public ones. We found a statistically significant difference between countries on the mean points from the questions concerning one's trust in the healthcare system, private healthcare institutions and medical doctors working in public and private sectors (p < .05).
Conclusion
Despite its limitations, this study is the first cross-sectional research on the ‘trust interface’ among western Balkan citizens, revealing that they have low trust in their healthcare systems.
Public Contribution
The information in this manuscript was gathered on the level of 3789 citizens from six Western Balkan countries. Before we began collecting data, we conducted a piloting procedure with 40 citizens who were clients of health institutions to validate the data collection questionnaire
Nadležnost i odgovornost Komisije za hartije od vrednosti za zakonito funkcionisanje tržišta kapitala
No full textInstitutional trust as a moderator of relation between fear of getting infected and adherence to precautionary measures during COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe aim of this research is to test the moderating effect that
institutional trust (in government and healthcare system) has in the relationship between fear of
getting infected and adherence to precautionary measures during COVID-19 pandemic. In April
2020, 1387 (82.6% female) participants took part in this online-research, with an age ranging
from 18 to 85 (M = 37.00, SD = 12.62). All variables were measured on one-item scale.
Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the model was statistically significant in the
second block, when interaction between the trust in healthcare system and fear of getting infected
was introduced (R2
= .067, F(1, 1383) = 5.533, p = .019), while this statistical signifi- cance was not registered
when the interaction between the trust in government and fear of getting infected was introduced
(R2 =
.057, F(1, 1383) = 2.287, p = .131). Significant main effects of fear of getting infected (β =
.221, p < .01) and trust in government were registered (β = .071, p < .01), while their interactive
effect was not (β = -.040, p = .131). So, the greater the fear of getting infected and the greater
the trust in the government, the respondents report greater adherence to precautionary measures. In
terms of trust in healthcare system, a significant main effects of trust in the health- care system
(β = .107, p < .01) and fear of getting infected (β =
.219, p < .01) were registered, as well as their interactive effect (β
= -.062, p < .05). People with low trust in healthcare system in conditions of low fear of
getting infected adhere less to measures than persons who have greater trust in the healthcare
system. When people fear more, they are increasingly adhering to precautionary measures, regardless
of the level of trust in the healthcare system
The Causes of the Rise of Euroscepticism: a Survey of Serbian Citizens in 2020
No full textThe recent spread of Euroscepticism has largely been limited to criticism of the actions, inefficiencies, or credibility of EU institutions, while the issue of leaving or not joining the EU is still out of focus for the vast majority of the European population. With the exception of the United Kingdom, which withdrew from the EU, Serbia is the only country where the majority of the population does not want to join the bloc. This paper is dedicated to researching the causes of this phenomenon and measuring their impact on the current additional increase in resistance to the EU among the population of Serbia. This paper presents the results of a survey organised by the authors in Serbia in 2020. MANOVA and the Generalised Linear Model (GLM) were used to analyse the impact of different demographic and socio-economic characteristics, as well as the influence of the national attachment of respondents to their attitude towards EU membership. The results showed that Euroscepticism was on the rise due to a weakening expectation of economic benefits of EU membership and a strengthening of national attachment, including concerns over the loss of national sovereignty, under increased EU pressure on Serbia to give up disputed Kosovo territories
Labor market, digitalization of the economy and sustainable development
Get PDFIt is evident that people today are witnessing great changes in the world of work,
society and the economy. Does the emergence of new forms of work bring pessimism
into people's lifestyles or is it actually a platform for new opportunities and greater
individualization? Will these new forms of work make a direct contribution to sustainable
development in terms of "greening the economy", saving energy and other resources of
the planet Earth. The question justifiably arises as to whether digitalisation creates new
jobs, more than it closes them. However, there are jobs that cannot be done "online",
such as production processes. Digitization began to spread rapidly in the second
decade of the 21st century, and the COVID 19 pandemic only accelerated its spread.
People's lives and work are already taking place through various applications and
platforms, the mobile phone is becoming a real mini-computer, and it can be concluded
that the labor market is above all characterized by mobility and flexibility. Developed
countries are largely approaching the development of industry strategies in accordance
with the trends of digitalization, according to which the business strategies of companies
must be harmonized. It has become clear that the world of work is dominated by the
knowledge economy, and that the unemployed have less chances to be educated,
improved and included in the process of earning income in order to provide income, and
thus contribute to reducing inequality in society. Despite all the changes in the labor
market, the main marketing orientation of companies still remains customer orientation