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The ‘Twilight’ of Health, Safety, and Well-being of Workers in the Digital Era –Shaping the Right to Disconnect
Get PDFThe paper examines the theoretical foundations and conceptual framework of the
right to disconnect, taking a comprehensive and integrated approach grounded in human
rights principles. It explores the impact of psychosocial risks and challenges in the digital era,
particularly in relation to occupational mental health, while also acknowledging the specific
relevance of the education sector where digitally related burnout is prevalent and the need to
ensure the well-being of educators in order to effectively mentor and educate the upcoming
cohort of young individuals venturing into the workforce. The objective is to determine whether
there is a need for the introduction of new rights or the adaptation of traditional ones in response
to the significant transformations brought about by information and communication technologies
in the workplace. This raises the question of whether we are witnessing the emergence of a new
field of digital labour law, characterised by entirely novel rights and institutions, or if it remains
rooted in the same ideological and conceptual foundations, requiring only normative adjustments
to address the realities of the digitised worl
A Comparative Study on Mental Disorder Conceptualization: A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis
Get PDFThe conceptualization of mental disorders varies among professionals, impacting diagnosis, treatment, and research. This
cross-disciplinary study aimed to understand how various professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, medical
students, philosophers, and social sciences experts, perceive mental disorders, their attitudes towards the disease status of
certain mental states, and their emphasis on biological versus social explanatory attributions. A survey of 371 participants
assessed their agreement on a variety of conceptual statements and the relative influence of biological or social explanatory
attribution for different mental states. Our findings revealed a consensus on the need for multiple explanatory perspectives
in understanding psychiatric conditions and the influence of social, cultural, moral, and political values on diagnosis
and classification. Psychiatrists demonstrated balanced bio-social explanatory attributions for various mental conditions,
indicating a potential shift from the biological attribution predominantly observed among medical students and residents
in psychiatry. Further research into factors influencing these differing perspectives is necessar
DETECTING RESILIENCE ISSUES AMONG MARGINAL GROUPS AS A BIOETHICAL GOAL
Get PDFBioethical judgments specifically impact actual medical and
political practice, which, in turn, impacts the living conditions
of marginalized groups.
In this article, we analyze the Resilience of marginalized social
groups in two ways: 1) through a normative aspect of Bioethics
concerning moral judgments and their justification and 2)
through an empirical aspect concerning the actual living conditions
and changes of marginalized groups.
We hypothesize that Resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic
is not closely related to pre-existing medical issues of
a group. Alternatively, structurally deep-rooted racial, social,
and economic conditions significantly reduce a group’s
resilience.
The main concern is converting the miserable survival of the
most endangered, marginalized, and discriminated groups
into an acceptable one. However, the recent pandemic of
COVID-19 put even more pressure on vulnerable groups, thus
weakening their Resilience even more.
In five sections, we will first show what it means to be marginal
before the pandemic. Secondly, how racism and discrimination
lower the resilience of marginal groups, i.e., making them
even more vulnerable in case of a disaster and endangering
their survival in the mid and long terms. Consequently, we
assume that the general request for the normalization of the
everyday lives of the majority makes COVID-19 an ongoing disaster,
i.e., a longstanding crisis for discriminated and marginal
groups. Avoiding such an outcome is in the holistic picture
that many bioethicists and clinicians must accep
On the path to sustainability in Gulf Cooperation Council states: Readiness for energy transition
Get PDFWhilst stakeholders and policymakers in industry and academia
increasingly use circular and sustainable, the terms are not clearly
understood. Furthermore, the need for a switch from a current economic
model (linear) to a circular one has been recognized globally by the
major decision-makers. The shift from one mechanism to another
experiences challenges in grasping the Circular Economy (CE) and
Sustainability (S) principles: defining them, understanding the similarities
and differences, and successfully applying them using the Triple Bottom
Line (TBL) approach. Employing a systematic literature review, the
paper aims to clarify the ambiguities and add to clarity by exploring
the concepts and the relationship of CE and S by applying the TBL
framework – social, environmental and economic variables. The gaps
regarding relations to people and profit contribution are identified in
the literature, and future research priorities and new frameworks are
recommended. Finally, the objective is to ascertain whether a strategic
approach to sustainability and measures are in place in the Gulf
Cooperation Council (GCC), such as increased investment in renewable
energy infrastructure that could positively affect energy transition
readiness, evidenced by energy efficiency indicators (reduced carbon
emissions). Hence, three GCC countries were selected, their goals, and
challenges were explored, and further research was recommende
Multiculturalism as a value in healthcare services in the Western Balkans
Get PDFIn this study, we aimed to examine the healthcare preferences and perspectives of citizens in the Western Balkans (namely Albania,
North Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina), as well as their trust toward medical professionals of
various genders and ages. Almost 4,000 citizens (N = 3,789) of six countries in the Western Balkans (Albania, North Macedonia, Kosovo,
Montenegro, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina) were surveyed using a self-reported questionnaire in this inter-country cross-sectional
study.
Most of the participants state that their ethnicity (86%) or religion (89%) has no effect on receiving services in healthcare institutions
when the doctor is from a different ethnicity or religion (p < 0.05). One-third of the study’s participants stated that they don’t necessarily
prefer to be treated by medical doctors who approach all patients of different nationalities equally.
Finally, this article demonstrates that the majority of Balkan citizens had no disparities when receiving medical care from a medical
doctor of a different ethnicity or religion. About one-third of the research participants nurture tolerance and diversity as a behavior
culture and do not want to be treated by a doctor who discriminates against patients of different nationalitie
Starosno-polna struktura i depopulacija u Srbiji 2002-2022
No full textBased on the results of the last three censuses, the population of Serbia has decreased by almost a million inhabitants in the past two decades (2002-2022). The main reason for depopulation and its intensification in Serbia is the increasingly pronounced negative natural increase, contributing 78% to the overall decrease in the number of inhabitants. In the same period, there were more emigrations than immigrations to Serbia, an average of about 11,000 per year. The main characteristic of the changes, in the period 2002-2022, in the age-sex structure of the population is the continuation of the demographic aging and the feminization of the elderly population. The age structure emerges as a basic determinant of population dynamics because it is both the cause and the consequence of demographic trends. When it comes to changes in the age-sex structure of the population, the intense reduction should be pointed out in the female population in the reproductive age (15-49 years), which is over 400 thousand smaller in 2022 compared to 2002. Analysis of the census results shows that depopulation is generally present and that even 95% of settlements in Serbia have fewer inhabitants in 2022 than in 2002. The largest relative decrease in the number of inhabitants is in areas with a small population, where the age structure dominantly determines the intensity of depopulation. The population has been halved in every fourth settlement in Serbia, and the largest number of these settlements are in the eastern and southeastern parts of Serbia. Population growth was recorded in a few settlements, where Novi Sad (35%) and Novi Pazar (29%) should be singled out. The effects of the unfavorable age structure will continue to greatly influence the future population movement in Serbia, surpassing the importance of the fertility level and emigration. Consequently, the population extinction of many settlements and population concentration in the largest cities is expecte
Human Rights and Safety in the Post-COVID-19
No full textInternational law guarantees everyone's human rights and security protection. In situations,
such as a state of emergency, governments are allowed to interfere with human rights in a way
that limits their disposal. In order to deal with threats to public health governments have
restricted some of the human rights in the COVID-19 pandemic. A parallel implemented
measure was the expanded use of technology in the health sector. These key steps have raised
many questions and dilemmas regarding the position of citizens during the pandemic and in the
post-pandemic era. First, the question of the legal basis for the usurpation of many human
rights, which may not be in accordance with the expected effects, has attracted the attention of
many authors. Second, there was a need to understand, explain and legally regulate many
bioethical phenomena that were not sufficiently implemented in legal frameworks. Third, the
dangers to humanity have increased in the area of the digital sector which has been in
widespread use and which shows the potential to be used in every segment of human life.
Inferences that are created based on massive accumulation of personal health data carry risks
to privacy and well-being that are now interlinked more than ever before. The lack of adequate
law and ethical response to the increasing importance of digital space poses a great danger to
the safety and welfare not only of people today but also of future generations
Neoliberalna epistemologija i konceptualne promene u medijskom posredovanju
Get PDFRad pruža pregled ključnih istorijskih i teorijskih promena u razumevanju medijski posredovane komunikacije, sa posebnim fokusom na uticaj neoliberalnih epistemoloških paradigmi. Analiza ispituje uokviravanje funkcije medija, proizvodnje znanja i društvenih procesa, kroz odnose između ideologije, tehnologije i komunikacije. Iz ugla kritičke teorije i modela paradigmatskih smena, razmatraju se agnotološke ideacije i prakse, odnosno, neoliberalne epistemičke politike kao aspekt savremenih komunikacijskih izazova s naglaskom na vezama teorije (ne)znanja, otklona od prosvetiteljstva i implicitnog nasleđa kibernetike. Posebna pažnja posvećena je ideološkomuokviravanju digitalnih tehnologija i promenama u medijskoj sferi, uključujući
transformaciju normativnih uloga informisanja, demokratije i javne sfere. Iz
preglednog karaktera istraživanja proističe slika o potrebi za reevaluacijom
nasleđenih modela tj. nov heuristički okvir za buduća istraživanja neoliberalne
medijatizacije i njenih teorijskih interpretacija. Fokus na epistemičkim
okvirima koji utiču na transformaciju normativnih uloga medija, modifikuje
osnov razumevanja načina na koji se komunikacijski procesi i njihova teorijska
osnova razvijaju u svetlu neoliberalnih društvenih i tehnoloških dinamik
Approaching Esg Compliance Concept From Business Law and Labour Law Perspectives
Get PDFClimate change affects businesses and human rights, respectively and vice versa. Companies are increasingly expected
to consider the impacts of climate change on their business operations and, conversely, the impacts of their business on
the global climate, which requires reasonable measures to mitigate climate-related risks. Additionally, the human rights
approach in terms of business in the era of climate change is considered to be essential in the process of transition
towards a sustainable and green economy. Despite broad consensus on the urgent need for significant reductions in
greenhouse gas emissions to meet the targets set by the Paris Agreement, binding legal obligations for companies to
achieve these reductions still remain limited. As a result, some international financial institutions have adopted guidelines
and standards – which, however, are still not legally binding. The recent adoption of specific, enforceable regulations in
the EU is essential to drive company responsibility and encourage a transition toward a low-carbon economy. Climate
change reporting and, more recently, climate change due diligence analysis are crucial aspects of the legal and economic
debat