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Kant sa Fukoom: Prosvećenost i istorijski a priori
No full textU svojim poznim tekstovima Fuko je ponudio jedno tumačenje Kanta koje mu daje povlašćeno mesto u istoriji mišljenja kao osnivaču naše modernosti. Fukoovi protivnici (Frejzer, Habermas i drugi) su to protumačili kao dokaz nedovoljnosti Fukoove ranije kritike Kanta, kao i kritike modernosti. Sam Fuko je uglavnom insistirao na razlikama između Kantove kritike i svog istraživanja o istorijskim uslovima znanja. Cilj ovog rada je da koriguje tezu Fukoovih kritičara, ali i Fukoovo samorazumevanje, i to kroz razmatranje njegovog pojma „istorijskog a priori“. Fukoov pokušaj da predstavi Kanta kao začetnika épistémè čoveka, koja je obeležena mešanjem empirijskog i transcendentalnog, podložan je kritici. Pored toga, neke teme Kantove kritičke filozofije: kontingencija ljudskih moći saznanja, definicija znanja u terminima odnosa između „vidljivog“ i „iskazivog“ i, na opštijem planu, pitanje granica znanja, znatno su uticale na Fukoa. S druge strane, Fukoovi kritičari su propustili da primete da se on distancirao od kantovskog ispitivanja uslova mogućnosti „istinitog saznanja“ zarad održivosti sopstvenog istraživanja faktičkog znanja i mogućnosti prevazilaženja njegovih granica. Slič-no tome, Fuko se u svojoj nestandardnoj interpretaciji Kantovog spisa o prosvećenosti ograđuje od univerzalističkih tendencija njegove filozofije i naglašava motive hrabrosti, individualne autonomije i otpora autoritetu koji su prisutni u Kantovom pozivu: „Imaj hrabrosti da se služiš sopstvenim razumo
Guest editors’ introduction
Get PDFThe concept of sustainable development
implies promoting well-being by
fostering a harmonious balance between
economic progress, environmental
protection and social equity i.e.
the establishment of societies characterised
by peace, justice and inclusivity.
The UN Agenda 2030 for Sustainable
Development, comprising 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), envisages
the advancement of holistic
development (economic, social and
environmental) on a global scale, taking
into account the needs of the most
marginalised groups in society
Demographic Study: Aging in the Context of Urban Decline in Vojvodina Cities
Get PDFThis paper analyses the aging of the population in AP Vojvodina (Serbia) in the period from 2002 to 2022, with a focus on eight cities. The results reveal complex dynam-ics related to urban decline and population aging. In this period, although the share of the urban population in the total population of Vojvodina increased by 5.1 percentage points, the number of residents in urban areas decreased by 6.2%. That indicates significant re-gional variations within Vojvodina, with some cities recording a noticeable decrease in in-habitants. Analysing the demographic factors that contribute to the decline of cities, the re-search observes an increase in elderly, the median age and the old dependency ratio. We focus on the accelerated increase in the share of elderly (65 and over) (2011-2022). This trend has significant implications for the economic structure, social resources and the health sector, given the needs of the elderly population for health care and support. The re-search emphasizes the importance of looking at the demographic dynamics and the process of population aging and the necessity of creating adequate policies to face the challenge of declining cities in Vojvodina
Zen buddhism in tradition, culture and society of Japan
Get PDFBuddhism is Japan’s second largest religion, right behind Shinto. It includes
multiple traditions and movements, but in Japan, it was domesticated as Zen Buddhism.
Buddhism also exists in China, and it is called Chen there. Zen Buddhism has
had an impact on Japanese tradition, culture and society as a whole. For example,
through Buddhism, samurais despised the fear of death and developed courage, mercy,
courtesy, truthfulness and honesty, honour, loyalty and self-control. Then, Zen Buddhism
has had a major influence on sports, and this is reflected in martial arts (sports
and skills). It is also visible in the rituals associated with the tea ceremony, or in poetry.
The very nature of Zen is such that it reyects everything that is secondary, superfluous,
imposed, and verbal. The Zen mind is a beginner’s mind, which means a mind that is
ready to receive new knowledge, to acquire new skills. The Zen containing typically
Japanese features summarizes elements of Buddhism from China and India, as well as
Japanese ethical and cultural characteristics. The aim of this paper is to show that in
addition to the European cultural influence in the world, there is another strong cultural
influence that is manifested through religion, philosophy, art and science of the Far
East. The subject of this paper is the main characteristics of Zen Buddhism, Zen
schools and teachers, as well as the place of Zen Buddhism in the tradition and culture
of Japan
Destructive Groups: The Impact on Adolescent Mental Health and Social Integration
No full textThis study explores the influence of destructive groups on the mental health and
social integration of high school students in Loznica, Serbia. Despite increasing concerns, there
is a significant lack of research on the impact of these groups on adolescents in this
region. This qualitative study aims to fill this gap by examining the prevalence of
destructive groups, their psychological effects on students, and their broader
social implications. Data were collected through surveys and in-depth interviews with high
school students, educators, and mental health professionals. The study focuses on key mental
health indicators, such as anxiety, depression, and identity formation, alongside social factors,
including peer relationships and community engagement. Additionally, it defines coping
mechanisms and supporting strategies employed by students affected by these groups. The
findings reveal substantial psychological and social challenges faced by students exposed to
destructive groups, including increased levels of anxiety and depression, disrupted
identity development, and impaired social integration. Insights into the personal
experiences of these students provide a detailed understanding of the groups’ impact,
underscoring the need for targeted interventions. This research offers evidence-based
recommendations for educators, mental health practitioners, and policymakers. It
emphasizes the importance of developing effective educational programs and support
services to enhance the well-being of high school advocates for proactive measures to
protect adolescent mental health and promote healthy social values within educational
and community settings
Gender differences in cohort fertility patterns in Serbia: the role of educational gradient
Get PDFThis paper represents the first contribution to the research of gender differences in the cohort fertility patterns in Serbia. We used the specially processed results of the 2022 Census that include one-year cohorts of women and men born in the 1940–1982 and 1940–1977 periods, respectively. Using parity progression rates, we examined the changes and gender patterns of completed cohort fertility from the perspective of educational differentials given the role of educational expansion in fertility changes in recent decades. Decomposition analysis showed that a marked increase in childlessness and the declining progression
to second birth across cohorts born after 1960 is the key reason of the decline in completed fertility of both sexes. The development of the relationship between the education and fertility led to the changes in the educational
differentials in fertility of both sexes, but also to a very pronounced gender gap in the patterns of these differentials. Convergence in completed fertility across different educational groups in the older cohorts of men turned to a divergence between the low-educated and the highly educated in the younger generations, resulting in a positive educational gradient in recent completed fertility
of men. Negative educational gradient in completed fertility was observed across all cohorts of women, with the gap between the low- and highly educated doubled among the younger compared to the older cohorts. The development of educational differentials in childlessness across cohorts led to a gender convergence among the highly educated and divergence among the low-educated in Serbia, contrary to the process that took place in more gender egalitarian societies. The lack of convergence in the progression to second and third birth across different educational groups of both sexes, which is particularly pronounced
among women, suggests that the more educated a person is, the more difficult it is for them to expand their family due to the lack of both institutional support for parenthood and gender equity within the family. The identified patterns of completed cohort fertility in Serbia confirm theoretical assumptions and findings from other countries that in the societies with more pronounced gender inequality and family support policies that are not sufficiently gender and parentally sensitive, higher opportunity costs of parenthood lead to lower fertility, and vice vers
Emergency Medical Care in the Process of Changes in the Republic of Serbia
Get PDFObserving the solutions of Comparative law, emergency medical care can be subject to
different
regulations, whether it is special laws, acts of by-law force or acts of professional selfregulation.
But, regardless of the level of regulation, it is necessary to cover issues
essential to the work of this service.Currently, the law of Serbia is debating whether the
drafted Act on emergency medical care should beadopted or not. It is placed in the RS
Parliamentary procedure, but since it was initiated by a minority
parliamentary group, it did not find much support. From the point of view of the theory
and practice of Medical law, positive attitudes and explanations stand out. Various cases
of injured patients and deathscaused by disorganization, transfer of responsibilities and
poor work of emergency services are taken
into account. The provisions of the Health Care Act and the Regulation on the Plan of the
network of health institutions are being reviewed, as well as many professional and
methodological instructions.
Problems exist especially to ensure the right of access for the rural population,
marginalized groups, the homeless and migrants. The Working group of Emergency
Medical Care of the Medical Chamber of Serbia also pointed out numerous problems in
its report. It is not enough to reform the territorial
organization, but it is necessary to regulate the structure, the services provided, the
obligations of
emergency medical care providers and the rights of patients. The conclusion is that in
the entire field ofemergency medicine, there should be changes and necessary work
improvements in accordance with modern standards in that important area of health
care
Philosophy, Cognition, and Archaeology
Get PDFWe had big plans two years ago. It was the high noon of the Sci�ences of Origin project funded by the Templeton Foundation and Ian
Ramsey Centre at the University of Oxford. The project gathered phi�losophers, archaeologists, biologists, and all aficionados of histori�cal sciences during several events to ponder upon the roots of life,
consciousness, and the cosmos. Big questions. So naturally, big ques�tions go hand in hand with big plans. We wanted to end the project
with a large, edited volume of papers at the intersection of philoso�phy, cognitive science, and cognitive archaeology. The indifferent
cosmoswhose origins we haven’t really understood during the two�year project (and we probably never will but that doesn’t stop us from
trying) had other, much smaller, plans. Our dream edited volumes
were, alas, published by Routledge in 2022, namely An Introduction to
Evolutionary Cognitive Archaeology by Thomas Wynn and Frederick L.
Coolidge, and Psychology and Cognitive Archaeology by Tracy Henley
and Matt Rossano
The Influence of the Financial System Efficiency and Diversity on the Sustainable Development of the Republic of Serbia
No full textThe paper analyzes the degree of bank-centricity of the domestic financial system,
as well as the negative consequences for sustainable growth and development
resulting from the focus of the financial system on banks. The subject of the
research is the concentration level in the domestic banking sector and determining
the dominant position of banks. Also, the achieved levels of development of the
financial systems of the transition countries in the neighborhood, their structure
and diversity will be analyzed and compared with the Serbian financial system.
The results of empirical research examining the opinions of experts in the field
of economics and finance and representatives of the banking and private sector
will be presented and analyzed, which should provide answers to the research
questions that were raised in the paper, which concern the analysis of the
financial system of Serbia and its bank-centricity, the sustainability of the current
structure of financial institutions and giving specific recommendations for the
improvement of the financial system of Serbia