E-Journal UNTAG Semarang
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eran Pengawasan Lembaga Legislatif dalam Keadaan Darurat (Perbandingan Indonesia dengan Amerika Serikat)
No full textAbstrakKeadaan darurat menyebabkan berjalannya suatu negara tidak dapat terlaksana secara normal sehingga hukum yang berlaku pun tidak dapat terlaksana secara normal. Maka, diperlukan kekuasaan yang bersifat luar biasa (extraordinary or exceptional measure). Presiden sebagai kekuasaan eksekutif diberikan wewenang yang sangat besar untuk menyelesaikan kondisi darurat yang ada. Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) sebagai lembaga legislatif merupakan lembaga yang memiliki wewenang dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap eksekutif. Akan tetapi, fungsi pengawasan tersebut seperti dihilangkan ketika negara dalam keadaan darurat melalui Perppu Nomor 23 Tahun 1959. Selain itu, tidak ada aturan yang jelas tentang posisi DPR ketika Indonesia memasuki keadaan darurat. Fungsi pengawasan yang dimiliki oleh DPR adalah fungsi yang tidak dapat dihilangkan begitu saja karena ia sebagai lembaga perwakilan rakyat, juru bicara rakyat, yaitu untuk menyuarakan aspirasi, kepentingan, dan pendapat rakyat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu bagaimana peran pengawasan legislatif dalam keadaan darurat di negara Indonesia dengan Amerika Serikat serta perbandingan efektivitas sistem pengawasan yang ada dalam meminimalkan penyalahgunaan kekuasaan dan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Amerika Serikat mempunyai pengaturan tentang pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh lembaga legislatif dalam keadaan darurat. Hal ini baik untuk menjamin lembaga eksekutif tidak melakukan kesewenang-wenangan dalam keadaan darurat. Apabila melihat dari perspektif perlindungan hak asasi manusia, maka Indonesia dapat mengikuti negara bagian Amerika Serikat dalam memberikan mekanisme pengawasan oleh legislatif terhadap eksekutif dalam keadaan darurat.Kata Kunci: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Fungsi Pengawasan, Keadaan Darurat.Â
URGENSI HAK ANGKET, PEMAKZULAN PRESIDEN DALAM SISTIM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
No full textIn the Indonesian constitutional system, the House of Representatives is given legislative, budgetary and supervisory functions. In carrying out its functions, the House of Representatives is given the right of interpellation, the right of inquiry and the right to express opinions as regulated in the law and other statutory regulations. Impeachment of the President or what is known as the removal of the President in the constitutional system is regulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia articles 7A and 7B. In article 7A it is stated that "the President and/or Vice President can be dismissed during their term of office by the People's Consultative Assembly at the suggestion of the House of Representatives, whether they are proven to have committed a violation of the law in the form of treason against the state, corruption, bribery, other serious criminal acts, or disgraceful acts. or if it is proven that he no longer meets the requirements as President and/or Vice President." The problem is that recently there has been a heated debate about the right to inquiry, the aim of which is to impeach the President for alleged violations in the 2024 general election. What is the legal regulation regarding the right to inquiry? Can the right of inquiry regarding the implementation of elections carried out by the KPU be assigned to the President? Can the right of inquiry be a basis for removing the President from office? This type of research is a normative legal research type. The approach used is the legislative and comparative legal approach (comparison approach), the legal philosophy approach (philosophical approach). The results of the research show that the right to inquiry is the right of the House of Representatives to conduct investigations into the implementation of a law and/or government policy relating to important, strategic matters and having a broad impact on the life of society, nation and state which is suspected to be in conflict with statutory regulations. -invitation. Based on the original intent of the right to inquiry norm in the comprehensive text of the amendments to the Constitution, the right to inquiry is only intended for state institutions in the executive family. The KPU as an independent institution as an election organizer can carry out a questionnaire, whereas the decision on the right to a questionnaire is a political decision, its recommendation cannot automatically impeach the President, to be able to impeach there is of course a follow-up process for allegations that the President has violated the laws and regulations as stipulated in article 7 A Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945
PENGGUNAAN TENAGA KERJA ASING GUNA MENDUKUNG PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL DIBIDANG ALIH TEKNOLOGI DI INDONESIA
Get PDFPenggunaan Tenaga Kerja Asing di Indonesia merupakan hal terpenting bagi majunya suatu perusahaan yang mempekerjakan Tenaga Kerja Asing. Penggunaan Tenaga Kerja Asing harus dipertahankan keberadaannya, karena dengan masuknya Tenaga Kerja Asing ke Indonesia dapat memberikan dampak positf bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penggunaan Tenaga Kerja Asing (TKA) dibidang Alih teknologi yang belum diterapkan sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini dirumuskan sebagai berikut: Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â (1) Mengapa Tenaga Kerja Asing belum mendukung pembangunan nasional dibidang alih teknologi yang efektif ? (2) Bagaimana penggunaan tenaga kerja asing yang mendukung pembangunan nasional dibidang alih teknologi di Indonesia ? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif yang menitik beratkan pada penggunaan data sekunder sebagai data utamanya, yaitu berupa asas-asas hukum dan norma-norma hukum yang berlaku dikaitkan dengan teori-teori hukum, sedangkan data primer sebagai data penunjang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1) Tenaga Kerja Asing belum mendukung pembangunan nasional dibidang alih teknologi yang efektif karena faktor internal masih terdapatnya TKA yang tidak memiliki keahlian. Selain itu juga faktor eksternal yaitu adanya rekruitmen TKA yang tidak memiliki keahlian yang dipekerjakan oleh beberapa perusahaan asing di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. (2) Penggunaan tenaga kerja asing guna mendukung pembangunan nasional dibidang alih teknologi di Indonesia sesuai kebijakan pemerintah yang telah menghapus beberapa aturan-aturan yang menghambat kemajuan investasi melalui deregulasi kebijakan penggunaan TKA dan melakukan penyederhanaan kebijakan dalam rangka mendukung peningkatan investasi asing dan pembangunan nasional dibidang alih teknologi di Indonesia. Pengaturan Tenaga Kerja Asing dari segi perizinan TKA yang dipermudah, sehingga berdampak pada perubahan mekanisme penerapan sanksi dari sanksi pidana ke sanksi administratif
Acceptance of TQM and Human Capital in Improving SME Performance
Get PDFThe corporate world is growing more competitive as customers become more savvy. SMEs require a wide range of material and immaterial resources, as well as the capacity to change into more adaptable and lucrative forms to adapt to the shifting demands of the business market, in order to remain competitive. This study aims to examine the correlation between human capital and total quality management with entrepreneurial orientation and their impact on performance. Specifically, the study will investigate how market orientation functions as a mediating factor in the link between TQM, HC, EO, and the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Semarang. Empirical research has largely neglected to investigate the role of market orientation in mediating the links between TQM, HC, EO, and business performance. This study aims to address the existing knowledge gaps by investigating the direct as well as indirect impacts of TQM, HC, and EO on the performance of SMEs, with MO serving as a mediator. In this study, a questionnaire was employed to gather data from subject matter experts (SMEs) to evaluate the theoretical framework. PLS is utilised in the investigation and testing of hypotheses
Strengthening the Accreditation Regulations for Equitable Primary Healthcare Clinics
Get PDFJustice traces its roots to “adil†in Indonesia, embodying impartiality and neutrality. Indonesia's healthcare system contends with complex challenges related to accessibility and cost disparities between private and government facilities. Improving service quality, especially at the primary level, is crucial for national health objectives. Despite the mandatory accreditation, obstacles such as high costs, limited understanding, and infrastructural constraints hinder the government's efforts to enhance public health. The problem formulation of this research emphasizes accomplishments, challenges, and solutions related to the accreditation of first-level healthcare facilities in Indonesia. The focus is on evaluating current achievements, identifying emerging issues, and proposing remedies to ensure equitable access, efficiency, and improvement in service quality. This research adopts a normative juridical approach, involving an examination of legal products in the form of regulations and legislation, coupled with an observation of the realities existing in society, particularly those related to the fairness of primary clinic accreditation. The study's object encompasses literature categorized as secondary data, utilizing a normative juridical approach that perceives law as a norm within society. Private clinics encounter challenges related to infrastructure, funding, and comprehension of accreditation processes. A significant financial burden, particularly for non-profit facilities, associated with accreditation survey fees, stands out as a major obstacle. Comprehensive support and guidance, including efforts to streamline the accreditation process, emerge as critical solutions to enhance healthcare service quality. These constraints not only affect public access to quality healthcare facilities but also jeopardize the operational sustainability of healthcare facilities. Therefore, concrete and collaborative measures are essential to achieving national health goals, including the provision of practical guidelines, staff training, and infrastructure assistance. Simplifying the accreditation process will yield manifold benefits by enhancing efficiency, expanding access, and fostering sustainable improvements, ensuring equivalent healthcare service quality access across all layers of Indonesian society.Â
ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN PUBLIC SERVICES POPULATION ADMINISTRATION FOR SAMIN BELIEFS IN PATI
Get PDFBelievers are a group of people who experience discrimination in the administrative system in relation to the religion column in the e-KTP. In general, when viewed from the population administration, the location of adherents of beliefs, adherents of ancestral religions and the implementation of rituals in adat makes it difficult for them during state administration in personal documents such as electronic identity cards (KTP), family cards (KK), marriage certificates. , and birth certificates. Based on the article of the Population Administration Lawwhich explains that religion in the religion column on the family card (KK) and electronic identity card (KTP) for adherents of faith is not filled in fundamentally, this is because the sect has not been recognized as well as other religions. another, so that in the electronic identity card (KTP) there is no record that someone is a believer. Meanwhile, the Population Administration Law is factually or at least potentially detrimental to constitutional rights. This is where discrimination arises against people who do not yet have an awareness of human rights. Cases of discrimination against adherents of certain religions are even carried out by bureaucracy, although the 1945 Constitution has stated to free people to practice their respective religions and beliefs
JURIDICAL STUDY OF REPRESIVE LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST THE CIRCULATION OF FAKE "PATENT" MEDICINE
Get PDFConsuming medication is an effort to maintain and maintain health. The high demand for medicines and low consumer knowledge create opportunities for business actors to produce fake medicines. The aim of this research is to determine the causes of the spread of fake patent medicines as well as the legal protection for consumers regulated in law along with BPOM's efforts to prevent the spread of fake patent medicines. The research method used in this research is empirical juridical, the research specifications used are analytical descriptive with data collection techniques through direct research in the field, namely open interviews and literature studies. Based on the research results obtained, the causes of the circulation of counterfeit patent medicines in influenced by business actors and consumer factors. Repressive legal protection for consumers is regulated in the Consumer Protection Law Article 8 Paragraph 1 Letter (a), Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health Article 138, Article 140 and Article 142. Apart from that, it is also regulated in the Regulation of the Medicine Supervisory Agency and Food Number 34 of 2018 concerning Guidelines for Implementing Good Medicine Manufacturing Methods. The prevention efforts carried out by BPOM are carried out in two forms, namely pre-market control in the form of standardization and product evaluation and post-market control in the form of Communication, Information and Education (KIE)
SETTLEMENT OF DEFECTS IN TOURISM BUS RENTAL AGREEMENTS IN KENDAL DISTRICT
Get PDFAgreements based on Article 1313 of the Civil Code, namely "an agreement is an act by which one or more people bind themselves to one or more other people". Leasing is carried out by making an agreement between both parties. Implementation of a tourist bus rental agreement at PT. WIN GSP TRANS in Kendal Regency experienced a default/broken promise. This research aims to analyze the implementation of agreements and the resolution of defaults on tourist bus rental agreements at PT. WIN GSP TRANS in Kendal district. The method used in this research is a type of normative legal research, namely legal research carried out by studying existing norms or statutory regulations. The research specifications used are descriptive. The data sources used are secondary and primary data. Qualitative data analysis, namely describing data in sentence form in an orderly, logical, non-overlapping and efficient manner to facilitate understanding and interpretation of data. This research is about the implementation of tourist bus rental agreements at PT. WIN GSP TRANS in Kendal district, namely tenants must fulfill two requirements, firstly legal requirements and secondly administrative requirements. Settlement of defaults on tourist bus rental agreements with PT. WIN GSP TRANS, namely by non-litigation settlement such as negotiation or deliberation
The Village Financial Management Policy To Achieve Good Governance
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze and investigate Indonesia's response to the Rohingya refugee crisis and examine its compliance with international law in addressing complex humanitarian challenges while tracing the history of Rohingya refugees in Indonesia since 2017. The research focuses on recent developments, including the surge in refugee arrivals and increasing tensions between newcomers and local residents. This study employs normative juridical research emphasizing a case study approach, utilizing secondary data analyzed qualitatively and presented using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques. The results indicate that Indonesia has principally committed to international law concerning refugees through concrete actions, diplomacy, and dialogue. However, the handling of Rohingya refugees in Indonesia, as regulated by PERPRES 125/2016, does not fully align with international legal principles, particularly the non-refoulement principle of the 1951 Convention. Refugees are considered illegal immigrants with temporary accommodation ending in relocation or repatriation. Further efforts are needed to ensure treatment aligns with human rights norms and provides adequate protection, including the right to employment, which is challenging due to the scarcity of job opportunities for Indonesian citizens themselves.The Village Government has a strategic role and position in public services and community empowerment. Therefore, to be able to empower the community and perform service functions, villages must be empowered in various sectors, one of which is village financial management. This study will answer the formulation of the problem regarding whether the autonomy policy for village financial management in the Village has realized good governance. The study is an empirical juridical research, which examines the applicable legal provisions and what has occurred in people's lives. The results of the study conclude that the affirmative policy of Law No 6 of 2014 on Villages has a positive effect on the effectiveness of village government. This is shown in Magelang Regency, there is a regional work unit (SKPD) and an Inspectorate that is authorized to conduct guidance and supervision of village fund management in Magelang Regency. In addition, the implementation of village finances in Badung Regency, with the enactment of Law No 6 of 2014 has a broad impact on the implementation of village government in Bali and Badung especially those who recognize the existence of the Dinas Village and Pakraman Village. Village financial management policies, both in the planning, implementation, and accountability processes, are strived to be guided by the principles of financial management that apply the principles of good governance, such as professionalism, accountability, transparency, excellent service, democracy, efficiency, effectiveness through the making of regulations and/or policies based on local wisdom. The rule of law and can be accepted by the whole community, in order to achieve the village's vision and mission of "Achieve the Harmony in Building Village" independently, self-supporting, self- sufficient, and self-managing
ANALISIS KINERJA DIGESTER TERHADAP WAKTU FERMENTASI DAN PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SERTA LAJU ALIR PADA PENURUNAN KADAR CO2 BIOGAS
No full textBiogas merupakan gas yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri metanogenik yang terjadi pada senyawa-senyawa organik melalui proses digesti anaerobik. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan perbandingan kotoran sapi dan limbah cair tahu (3:1) serta menambahkan probiotik sebanyak ±10 ml. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja digester ditinjau dari waktu fermentasi terhadap kandungan biogas dari campuran limbah cair tahu dengan kotoran sapi. Penelitian dilakukan selama 40 hari. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui, bahwa waktu fermentasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap parameter dan kandungan biogas yang dihasilkan. Kandungan biogas tertinggi terjadi pada hari ke-35 dengan diperoleh Metana (CH4) 58,38%, Karbon dioksida (CO2) 21,18%, Hidrogen sulfida (H2S) 210 ppm, Nitrogen (N2) 16,34 %, Oksigen (O2) 1,58%, berada pada pH 7, Temperatur 27,6 ℃, serta pada hari ke 30 didapatkan produksi biogas tertinggi sebesar 160L dan produktivitas biogas 0,216 L/gr dengan uji nyala api biru.Variabel bebas yang digunakan yaitu pada proses absorpsi dengan variasi konsentrasi DEA 20% dan 30% dengan laju alir absorben 0.5 LPM, 0.7 LPM, 0.9 LPM, 1.1 LPM, dan 1.3 LPM pada tiap konsentrasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum produksi biogas terjadi pada minggu ke 3 dengan kadar metana (CH4) sebesar 45,24 %Vol sedangkan puncak produksi biogas didapatkan pada minggu ke 5 dengan kadar metana sebesar 58,38 %Vol. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa laju alir dan konsentrasi pelarut DEA berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi penyerapan CO2 dan nilai CO2 loading. Didapatkan efisiensi penyerapan CO2 terbesar pada laju alir 1,3 LPM dan konsentrasi DEA 30% sebesar 90,79%. Sedangkan nilai CO2 loading terbesar didapatkan pada konsentrasi pelarut DEA 30% dan laju alir DEA 0,5 LPM sebesar 0,001176 mol-CO2/mol-DEA. Penurunan kandungan karbon dioksida pada biogas dapat meningkatkan kualitas biogas karena meningkatnya kadar metana (CH4), semakin tinggi kadar metana maka nilai kalor biogas akan semakin besar.Kata Kunci: Biogas; Fermentasi; Absorpsi; Dietanolamin