Journals an der JLU Gießen (Justus-Liebig Universität)
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“Alle Apparate abschalten.” Conceiving Love and Technology with Heidegger And Kittler
No full textThis article explores Friedrich Kittler’s conception of the intersection of love with modern technology and illustrates the theoretical insights gained by considering Spike Jonze’s film Her (2013). I focus on the theoretical examination of Heidegger’s philosophy of technology in general and the concomitant notion of ‘enframing’ in particular to shed further light on Kittler’s reflection on love that pervades the latter’s entire oeuvre. The article then interrogates whether, and under what circumstances, modern technology might foster said ‘truth events’ by focusing on: first, love among human beings, second, love among technological beings, and, third, love between human beings and technological beings. Thereby, Spike Jonze’s critically acclaimed science-fiction drama Her, depicting a romantic relationship between a human being and a computer operating system, serves as a reference point in illustrating Kittler’s multifaceted conception of the nexus of love and modern technology
Worldbuilding in Tolkien’s Middle-earth and Beyond
Get PDFIn den Literaturwissenschaften erfährt das Feld des worldbuilding ein wiederbelebtes Interesse, weshalb es wenig überraschend ist, dass auch Tolkiens Mittelerde neu entdeckt wird. Obwohl viele Bereiche von Tolkiens Welt bereits analysiert und diskutiert wurden, bleibt ihre Relevanz für spezifische wie allgemeine Fragen zu der Schöpfung und Konstruktion von literarischen Welten unumstritten. Daher stellt der Sammelband Sub-creating Arda, von Dimitra Fimi und Thomas Honegger herausgegeben, eine wertvolle Bereicherung im Feld des worldbuilding dar. Neben theoretischen Überlegungen und dem konkreten Anwenden von theoretischen Ansätzen auf Tolkiens Mittelerde werden auch vielversprechende Parallelen zu anderen fiktionalen Werken gezogen. Obgleich Sub-creating Arda keinen umfassenden Einblick in das breite Feld des worldbuilding bieten kann, stellt der Band dennoch einen bedeutenden Beitrag zu der Problematisierung des Begriffs sowie des Feldes dar, der aussichtsreiche Argumente und Ansätze hervorbringen wird.The field of worldbuilding in literary studies is experiencing a revitalization and it is therefore unsurprising that interest in Tolkien’s Middle-earth is renewed. Many aspects of Tolkien’s world have been analyzed and discussed, but it remains a relevant topic for both specific questions concerning Tolkien’s world and general questions concerning worldbuilding in literature. Sub-creating Arda, edited by Dimitra Fimi and Thomas Honegger, makes a valuable contribution that expands on both theoretical areas, applies theories of worldbuilding to Middle-earth, and draws interesting parallels to other fictional worlds. Because the field of worldbuilding is incredibly rich, Sub-creating Arda is not exhaustive, but nevertheless makes significant contributions to contemporary academic problematizations of the field and will undoubtedly inspire new arguments and new approaches within the field of worldbuilding.
 
The Politics of Housing Metaphors: Challenging Images of Migration and Patriarchy
No full textPolitical metaphors condition social reality and mediate authority. One repeatedly used metaphor in discourses about migration and refuge is the misconception that ‘the state is a house.’ Far from only defining the modalities of inclusion and exclusion, metaphors of houses and housing evoke patriarchal political relationships between guests and hosts, homeless and homeowners, the household’s head and his subjects, and the man and his women. Houses present themselves to us in ambiguous, even contradictory ways in that they both shelter and imprison. Furthermore, in spite of a general need for accommodation the state fails to provide material housing, only feigning the imagination of security. Therefore, ‘housing’ appears to be a key paradox of nationalist and chauvinist discourse. Figurative language is, however, unfinished, which is why our images of houses, charged with the theology, anthropology, politics, and language of foundations, buildings, and walls, may be challenged by critique and interpretation. Developing a critical metaphorology, committed to analyzing the framed arguments and underlying contexts of said discourses justifying patriarchy and nationalism, we describe the choice between inhabiting and abandoning ‘the house.’ Ultimately, we present counter-narratives about decaying structures of power and propose ways to take ‘housing’ issues to the streets
Intersectionality — Metaphor, Activist Term or Social Theory?
Get PDFIn Intersectionality as Critical Social Theory erforscht Patricia Hill Collins die Eignung der Intersektionalität eine kritische Gesellschaftstheorie zu werden. Laut Collins kann Intersektionalität sich nur dann als kritische Gesellschaftstheorie entfalten, wenn sich ihre Akademiker_innen und Praktiker_innen tiefgreifend mit den Methodologien, Epistemologien sowie dem Aktivismus, auf dem sie basiert auseinandersetzen. Collins Werk kann als eine dialogische Auseinandersetzung der Intersektionalität mit anderen theoretischen Strömungen gesehen werden.In Intersectionality as Critical Social Theory Patricia Hill Collins explores intersectionality’s potential to become a critical social theory. Collins asserts that in order for intersectionality to develop fully as a critical social theory, its scholars and practitioners have to profoundly engage with its methodologies, epistemologies, and the activist works upon which it is based. Collin’s monograph can be seen as a dialogical engagement of intersectionality with other theoretical schools of thought and furthers its development into a theory of its own
Functions and Dysfunctions of Electronic Monitoring
Get PDFMit Electronic Monitoring. Tagging Offenders in a Culture of Surveillance bietet Tom Daems eine systematische Betrachtung der Entwicklung und aktuellen Anwendung der elektronischen Aufenthaltsüberwachung. Der Autor untersucht die Funktionen (sowohl die offensichtlichen als auch die verdeckten) in alphabetischer Reihenfolge, hinterfragt die Ziele der Technologie und betrachtet sie als Teil einer Gesellschaft, in der Überwachungspraktiken allgegenwärtig sind. Daems bietet eine kompakte und kritische Analyse der Funktionen sowie neue Denkanstöße.Tom Daems\u27 book Electronic Monitoring. Tagging Offenders in a Culture of Surveillance offers a systematic analysis of the development and current application of electronic monitoring (EM). The author examines the functions (both evident and covert) in alphabetical order, questions the goals of the technology and considers it as part of a society in which surveillance practices are omnipresent. Daems offers a compact and critical analysis as well as new thought-provoking impulses
A New Comparative View?
No full textWenn es um den ‚Vergleich‘ geht, gibt es verschiedene Meinungen zu seiner Funktion und Signifikanz. Zugegebenermaßen ist er alltäglich und stellt zugleich eine effiziente Vorgehensweise dar, um Bedeutungen und Zusammenhänge zu konstruieren. Dieser Sammelband betrachtet daher den Vergleich bezüglich seiner Form, Funktion und Anwendung an der Schnittstelle zwischen Kultur- und Naturwissenschaften. Die Sammlung der Beiträge geht aus einer langjährigen Kooperation der Arbeitsgruppe „Vergleichende Zoologie“ und der Forschungsabteilung „Das Technische Bild“ an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin hervor. Betrachtet wird das Vergleichen als Grundlage der wissenschaftlichen Analyse, um eine fachübergreifende Methodik und Formulierungen für praktische Anwendungen des Vergleichs in den Kultur-, Kunst- und Naturwissenschaften auszuloten.When it comes to ‘comparison,’ which is something from everyday life and represents at the same time an efficient way to construct meanings and relationships, we all have certain ideas about its functioning and significance. Therefore, this anthology takes a closer look at comparison in relation to its form, function, and implementation at the interface between cultural studies and natural sciences. The collection of contributions represents a tangible result of a long-standing cooperation between the research group of ‘Comparative Zoology’ and the research division ‘The Technical Image’ at Humboldt University, Berlin. ‘Comparison’ or ‘comparative visual analysis’ is taken as the fundamental approach for scientific examinations in exploring interdisciplinary methodologies and formulating applicable procedures of comparison in cultural and artistic discussions as well as in natural sciences
In the Eye of the Beholder! Visual Representations and Perceptions of Reality
Get PDFIn diesem Band geht es um die Untersuchung des Konzepts ‚Augenzeugenschaft‘ in der Kunst und in der visuellen Kultur seit 1800. Zu diesem Zweck wird das Konzept verständlich und leicht nachvollziehbar mithilfe von interdisziplinären Fallbeispielen erläutert. Es wird analysiert, wie Wirklichkeit und Wahrnehmung sich in künstlerischen und nicht-künstlerischen Artefakten äußern. Dabei stellte sich insbesondere heraus, dass die Perspektive der Bildproduzent_innen, der Betrachter_innen und der bildlichen Darstellung für die Konstruktionen von Realität signifikant sind.The volume deals with the investigation of the concept of \u27eyewitness\u27 in art and visual culture since 1800. For this purpose, the concept is explained in an understandable way using interdisciplinary case studies. It analyzes how reality and perception manifest in artistic and non-artistic artifacts. The case studies presented in the volume suggest that the perspective of the producer of the image, the viewer, and the visual representation are significant for the construction of reality
Turkey’s Pioneering Psychoanalyst: İzeddin Şadan’s Disquisition on (Homosexual) Love as Sickness
No full textİzeddin Şadan, considered to be among the pioneers of psychoanalysis in Turkey, published a series of essays in 1936 titled “Eros (Aşk) İle Mücadele” [“Strife with Eros (Love)”] in the popular magazine Yeni Adam. He hailed these essays as a landmark in the scientific endeavor to objectively lay out the true nature of love. In them, he described love as “a volatile microbe” constituting sickness with its origins in Christianity; however, by inverted logic, he projected the same sickness onto Islam, in particular Sufism, which he disparaged as homosexual debauchery. This article looks at how Şadan’s pathologizing of Sufi love of beardless boys as sexual perversion is itself a symptom of pathology, pointing towards a fundamental change in the gendered/modernized/Orientalized subject’s relationship with the other and itself